scholarly journals Ovarian physiology of repeat breeder cows at Bathan area of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
MY Ali ◽  
M Ershaduzzaman ◽  
R Khatun ◽  
US Alam ◽  
S Akter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Uterine Wall ◽  
Left Ovary ◽  
Follicular Cyst ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ware Program ◽  
The Right ◽  
Group D

The experiment was implemented at farmer’s house and Bathan areas of Shahjadpur Upazila in Sirajganj and Bera Upazila under Pabna districts of Bangladesh. The aim of the study was to know the incidence of repeat breeding (RB), physiology of different follicles and deformity of ovary and uterus in Holstein Frisian (HF) cows. Forty (40) RB HF cows (>50% HF Genetic) were selected on the basis of age and parity. Pyometra, endo-metra, cervicitis, Salpingitis and tumor like growth etc. in uterine wall were observed. Luteal and follicular cyst was also identified. Number of growing follicle appeared ultrasonically, size of Graafian follicle, breed, cow’s body size, and inheritance level and parity, nutritional factors and days calving to first service were recorded properly. All collected data were statistically analyzed by the SPSS soft-ware program using completely randomized design (CRD). Results revealed that, significantly (P<0.05) highest Body Condition Score (BCS) was 3.47±0.05 observed in the cows of group-D whose age were more than 8 years of old compared to others group (table 1). In-case of average daily milk yield and remained dry condition differences were highly significant (P<0.001). Maximum milk yield (20.41±0.82 l/day) was observed in group-C compared to others group but minimum dry condition remaining period was observed in group-A than others. Days of heat showed number of AI service were non-significant (P>0.05) in the whole experiment (table-1). The percentage of infection (Pyometra, Endometra) in the uterine wall differed non-significantly (P>0.05) among all the groups and minimum occurrence were observed in group-A (figure 1). Highest percent of cyst observed in the right ovary than left of the cows of group-D compared to others group but the differences were non-significant (P>0.05).Comparatively higher percentage (58.82±12.30) of follicles observed in left ovary of group-D than right ovary of others group (table 3). Non-significantly (P>0.05) the highest average number (2.40±0.44) of follicles was observed in left ovary of the group-C than the cows of others group. Though the follicle size in the end of luteal phase differed non-significantly (P>0.05) but comparatively larger (14.90±1.54mm) follicle in diameter were observed in group-C, than the follicles of others groups. Bang. J. Livs. Res. Vol. 27 (1&2), 2020: P. 95-104

scholarly journals Effects of concentrate supplementation on growth, reproduction and milk yield of Black Bengal goats (Capra hircus)

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Sultana ◽  
M J Khan ◽  
M R Hassan ◽  
M A M Y Khondoker
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Group A ◽  
Concentrate Mixture ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Group D

Sixteen female Black Bengal goats (10 ± 0.6 months of age and 11.5 ± 1.3 kg live weight) were divided into four groups having four goats in each. In a completely  randomized design, A, B, C and D were given 150, 200, 250 and 300g concentrate mixture  with ad libitum green grasses. Total dry matter (DM) intake (333.6, 374.7, 416.3 and  456.5g/day in groups A, B, C and D, respectively) was significantly (P<0.01) influenced by  the level of concentrate in the diet. Crude protein (CP) intake (45.2, 57.0, 66.4 and  75.7g/day) was significantly (P<0.01) higher in group D and lower in group A. Daily  weight gain of kids did not differ significantly between groups. Feed and protein  conversion efficiency was not significantly influenced by the concentrate level in the diet.  Milk yield was significantly (P<0.01) increased (206.8, 233.4, 359.3 and 374.7 mL/day for  groups A, B, C and D, respectively) with the supplementation of concentrate. It is  suggested to supplement 250g of concentrate daily to female goats in addition to ad libitum roughage. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bvet.v29i1.11884 Bangl. vet. 2012. Vol. 29, No. 1, 7-16

Electrical Stimulation of Intact or Split Steer or Cow Carcasses

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 795-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. K. McKEITH ◽  
C. G. SMITH ◽  
T. R. DUTSON ◽  
J. W. SAVELL ◽  
R. L. HOSTETLER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Protein Subunits ◽  
Versus Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group D

Fifteen carcasses, 10 from steers and 5 from cows, were used for the present study. Five steer carcasses (group A) were electrically stimulated as intact, unsplit carcasses. The left sides of 5 steer carcasses (group B) and of 5 cow carcasses (group C) were electrically stimulated; the right sides of the same 5 steer carcasses (group D) and of the same 5 cow carcasses (group E) were used as controls and were not electrically stimulated. Electrically stimulated carcasses and sides (groups A and B) had brighter, more youthful colored lean, less “heat-ring” and produced more tender and more palatable rib steaks than did control sides (group D). Electrical stimulation did not (P &gt; .05) affect ultimate pH or sarcomere length in steers or cows. Light and electron micrographs revealed increased (P &lt; .05) structural damage (more severe contracture bands) in steer or cow muscles from electrically stimulated sides than in muscles from control sides; however, structural damage was not (P &gt;.05) increased when intact steer carcasses were electrically stimulated and compared to unstimulated sides. Troponin-T was reduced in SDS gels of muscle from electrically stimulated, as compared to control, sides of cow carcasses (group C versus group E); no differences in percentage of protein subunits were observed between electrically stimulated and control sides of steer carcasses (group B versus group D). Electrical stimulation can be done on intact carcasses or sides of young beef to improve USDA lean maturity and lean color scores, to reduce “heat-ring” incidence and to improve tenderness.

scholarly journals A postmortem study on the weight of the human adrenal glands

1970 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilruba Siddiqua ◽  
Shamim Ara ◽  
Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Rukshana Ahmed ◽  
Ara Parven Hosne
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right ◽  
Group D

Objective: A cross-sectional descriptive type of study was designed to find out the difference in weight of the right and left adrenal glands of Bangladeshi people in relation to age and to compare with the previous studies. Materials & Methods: The study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2008 to June 2009 and performed on 140 post mortem human adrenal glands collected from 70 unclaimed dead bodies which were in the morgue under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into four age-groups including group A (11-20 years), group B (21-30 years), group C (31-40 years) & group D (41-60 years) and the weight of the adrenal glands were measured and recorded. Results: There was no difference found in weight in between the right and the left adrenal glands in any age group. For the right adrenal gland, the differences in weight between group A & group B and group A & group D were statistically significant (p<0.05). For the left adrenal gland, the differences in weight between group A & group D and group C & group D were statistically significant (p<0.05). Key words: Adrenal gland; weight of adrenal gland. DOI: 10.3329/bjms.v9i4.6686Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.09 No.4 July 2010 pp.204-207

Histologic Evaluation of Stapled Right Atrial Appendages with Fabric Buttressing

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 359-363
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Fumoto ◽  
A. Marc Gillinov ◽  
D. Geoffrey Vince ◽  
Masatoshi Akiyama ◽  
Diyar Saeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Echocardiography ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Atrial Appendage ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Histologic Evaluation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Right Atrial Appendage ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right ◽  
Group D

Objective The aim of this study was to histologically evaluate the importance of using buttressing materials in stapling the atrial appendages. Methods We stapled the right atrial appendage with a commercial apparatus in 11 mongrel dogs. To evaluate the efficiency of using a buttressing material as an adjunct to stapling, we conducted 30-day studies without (group A: n = 2) or with buttressing material (group B: n = 3) and 90-day studies without (group C: n = 3) or with buttressing material (group D: n = 3) and thereafter made assessments using Doppler echocardiography and performed histologic analyses on all stapled appendages. Results During surgery, blood oozing from the stapling sites was observed in four of five cases of groups A and C; with buttressing, there was no oozing in groups B and D. In groups A and B, we observed the myocardium of the appendage being focally replaced with fibrous tissue. Myocardium in group C was infiltrated diffusely with loose fibrous tissue and in group D had been almost completely replaced with fibrous tissue. Conclusions The buttressing material was useful not only in preventing oozing but also likely promoting the growth of fibrous tissue in the right atrial appendage.

scholarly journals A postmortem study - age related change of ovarian volume in Bangladeshi female

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Rubina Qasim ◽  
Humaira Naushaba ◽  
Md Enayet Ullah ◽  
Hasna Hena ◽  
Hosna Ara Perven
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Left Ovary ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Ovarian Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ovarian Diseases ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Background : Ovarian diseases and infertility are the very common health problems among the female population. Alteration in the volume of the ovary occurs throughout the reproductive life which may predispose to ovarian diseases such as cyst, polycystic ovary and ovarian carcinoma. Moreover, the reduction in ovarian volume leading to decrease the fertility of a women also. So the present study is designed to assess the volume of the ovary in Bangladeshi women in different age groups which will provide a complete and standarize the data in Bangladeshi population and also compare the data with other countries. It will provide resourcefull information which may further determine the ovarian reserve and reproductive age of female for improving the accurate diagnosis and management of ovarian diseases as well as infertility problems. Study design: Cross sectional and analytical type of study. Materials: The present study was performed on 65 cadaveric ovaries of both side in Bangladeshi female age ranging from 5 years to 65 years. Methods: The samples were divided into four different age groups. They were group A or prepubertal group (5-12years), group B or reproductive group (13-45 years), group C or perimenopausal group (46-51years) and group D or postmenopausal group (52-65years). Results: The mean (±SD) volumes were 2.84 + 0.22 milliliter and 2.83±0.24 milliliter in group A, 8.64 + 0.89 milliliter and 8.61± 0.89 milliliter in group B, 6.85 + 0.79 milliliter and 6.84±0.76 milliliter in group C and 2.62 + 0. 52 milliliter and 2.61± 0.50 milliliter in group D in the right & left ovaries respectively. The highest mean volume was observed in group B and lowest mean volume was in group D in both ovaries. Statistically highly significant difference (P<0.001) were found when group A was compared with group B & C, group B was compared with group C & D and group C was compared with group D. But when group A was compared with group D, it was not significant (P<0.50).The mean difference in volumes of right and left ovary between group A, group B, group C and group D were statistically not significant. Conclusion: In this study, volume of the ovary does not vary in between right and left ovary in any age group. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/updcj.v2i2.15482 Update Dent. Coll. j: 2012; 2 (2): 08-12

scholarly journals 29 The effect of fleshing ability on cow and calf performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 22-22
Author(s):  
Amanda Holder ◽  
Aksel Wiseman ◽  
Adam McGee ◽  
David Lalman ◽  
Claire Andresen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Condition Score

Abstract Several factors influence the overall maintenance requirements of a mature beef cow including age, gain, lactation, pregnancy, and fleshing ability. However, limited research is available to distinguish what sets a hard-fleshing cow apart from an easy-fleshing cow. Cows that are hard-fleshing maintain a lower body condition score (BCS) throughout the year compared to easy-fleshing counterparts. The objectives of this experiment are to determine the differences in characteristics and production between cows classified as easy- vs. hard- fleshing. Characteristics of interest include feed intake, milk yield, milk composition, body weight changes, BCS changes, and other body composition measurements, as well as calf weaning weight. In this study, 24 spring-calving, mature Angus beef cows were classified as either hard-fleshing or easy-fleshing based on BCS and ultrasound measurements for back fat and rump fat. The intake study took place during the second trimester, cows were assigned to an easy- or hard-fleshing pen based on treatment where they remained for the entirety of the 45-day intake study. Each treatment was replicated three times in a completely randomized design. Milk data collection began one month after calving with monthly milkings from May-August. There were no differences (P = 0.9) in DMI, although hard-fleshing cows had greater DMI calculated on a metabolic body weight basis (P = 0.05). There was a trend (P = 0.12) for hard-fleshing cows to wean heavier calves, although there was no difference in mean milk yield (P = 0.44). Body condition score was positively correlated with protein and carbohydrate content of milk with easy-fleshing cows having greater contents of both (P = 0.02 and P < 0.01, respectively). Overall, an increase in BCS without an increase in DMI may be beneficial from a reproductive standpoint, though more research in this area is needed.

scholarly journals A postmortem study on the volume of the human adrenal glands

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-285
Author(s):  
Dilruba Siddiqua ◽  
Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Shamim Ara ◽  
Fatema Zohora ◽  
Hasna Hena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right ◽  
Group D

Objective: A Cross-sectional descriptive type of study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2008 to June 2009, to see the variation in the volume of the adrenal glands with age in Bangladeshi people. Materials & Methods: The study was performed on 140 post mortem human adrenal glands collected from 70 unclaimed dead bodies which were in the morgue under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into four age-groups including group A (11-20 years), group B (21-30 years), group C (31-40 years) & group D (41-60 years). The length, breadth and thickness of each adrenal gland were measured by using a slide calipers. Then the volume of each adrenal gland was determined by the product of its length, breadth and thickness multiplied by 0.52, according to the prolate ellipsoid formula. Results: The mean volume of the right adrenal glands were found 6.36±0.85 cm3 in group A (11-20 years), 6.49±0.76 cm3 in group B (21-30 years), 6.50±0.80 cm3 in group C (31-40 years), 6.76±0.79 cm3 in group D (41-60 years). The mean volume of the left adrenal glands were found 6.97±1.02 cm3 in group A (11-20 years),6.93 ±0.83 cm3 in group B (21-30 years), 6.65±0.79 cm3 in group C (31- 40 years), 7.09±0.81 cm3 in group D (41-60 years). The differences between the right and left adrenal glands and the difference between age groups were not statistically significant. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 12 No. 03 July ’13 Page 282-285 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v12i3.15425

Do trabecular metal and cancellous titanium implants reduce the risk of late haematogenous infection? An experimental study in rabbits

2020 ◽  
pp. 112070002092889
Author(s):  
George Komnos ◽  
Konstantinos Banios ◽  
Konstantina Kolonia ◽  
Lazaros A Poultsides ◽  
Efthimia Petinaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Implants ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trabecular Metal ◽  
Sterile Saline ◽  
Initial Procedure ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right ◽  
Group D

Aim: This study evaluated the late resistance to haematogenous contamination by microbial pathogens of implants and bone-implant interface and the development of late clinical infection when cementless components with different surface or structural properties are implanted. Material and methods: 50 adult male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 5 groups of 10 animals each. In Group A smooth titanium, in Group B grit blasted titanium, in Group C HA-coated titanium, in Group D trabecular metal and in group E cancellous titanium rods were implanted in the right proximal tibia. Four weeks later, 1 ml of inoculum of a standardised CA-MRSA strain (3 × 108 cfu/ml) was injected through a femoral artery catheter (groups B, C, D, E) while in group A, 1 ml of sterile saline was injected in a similar way (control group). Subjects were killed 8 weeks after the initial procedure and 3 samples of each tibial specimen were subjected to conventional cultures and PCR studies. Results: The number of the specimens (conventional cultures and PCR studies) contaminated by the standardized pathogen was as follows: Group A: 0/10, Group B: 7/10, Group C: 6/10, Group D; 5/10 and Group E: 5/10. Comparing the number of colony form units isolated from the implant samples, Group B (GB titanium) showed statistically significantly higher values (Mann-Whitney test) compared to Group C ( p = 0.044), Group D ( p = 0.040) and Group E ( p = 0.038). Local active infection was observed in 6 animals: 3 in Group B; 1 in Group C, 1 in Group D, and 1 in Group E. Conclusions: Modern cementless implants (trabecular metal and cancellous titanium) showed a lower risk of implant contamination and late clinical haematogenous infection.

scholarly journals 178 The Effect of Fleshing Ability on Cow and Calf Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 62-62
Author(s):  
Amanda Holder ◽  
Aksel Wiseman ◽  
Adam McGee ◽  
David Lalman ◽  
Claire Andresen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Condition Score

Abstract Several factors influence the overall maintenance requirements of a mature beef cow including age, gain, lactation, pregnancy, and fleshing ability. However, limited research is available to distinguish what sets a hard-fleshing cow apart from an easy-fleshing cow. Cows that are hard-fleshing maintain a lower body condition score (BCS) throughout the year compared to easy-fleshing counterparts. The objectives of this experiment are to determine the differences in characteristics and production between cows classified as easy- vs. hard- fleshing. Characteristics of interest include feed intake, milk yield, milk composition, body weight changes, BCS changes, and other body composition measurements, as well as calf weaning weight. In this study, 24 spring-calving, mature Angus beef cows were classified as either hard-fleshing or easy-fleshing based on BCS and ultrasound measurements for back fat and rump fat. The intake study took place during the second trimester, cows were assigned to an easy- or hard-fleshing pen based on treatment where they remained for the entirety of the 45-day intake study. Each treatment was replicated three times in a completely randomized design. Milk data collection began one month after calving with monthly milkings from May—August. There were no differences (P = 0.9) in DMI, although hard-fleshing cows had greater DMI calculated on a metabolic body weight basis (P = 0.05). There was a trend (P = 0.12) for hard-fleshing cows to wean heavier calves, although there was no difference in mean milk yield (P = 0.44). Body condition score was positively correlated with protein and carbohydrate content of milk with easy-fleshing cows having greater contents of both (P = 0.02 and P < 0.01, respectively). Overall, an increase in BCS without an increase in DMI may be beneficial from a reproductive standpoint, though more research in this area is needed.

scholarly journals Evaluation the effect of laparoscopic unilateral ovariectomy in young Iraqi black goat on the histomorphometric of the remaining ovary at adult stage

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
M. J. Eesa
Keyword(s):  
Adult Stage ◽  
Harmonic Scalpel ◽  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Left Ovary ◽  
Short Operative Time ◽  
Unilateral Ovariectomy ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

     The ovarian histomorphometric in adult normal and unilateral ovariectomized Iraqi black goats (Age 7 months) was studied to evaluate the effect of laparoscopic unilateral ovariectomy of young goat  (age 2-3 months) on other remaining ovary histologically. Ten young female Iraqi black goats were used in the study. The goats were divided randomly into two equal groups; young goats were left normal (group A) and young goats underwent to right laparoscopic unilateral ovariectomy (group B). All animals in both groups were left to reach adult stage at 7 months age, in which they underwent to removal their ovaries laparoscopically by using the harmonic scalpel. Operations were performed under general anesthesia by using of a mixture of xylazine and ketamine intramuscularly. The ovarian histomorphometric included; height of germinal epithelium and thickness of tunica albuginea, cortex and medulla were measured at adult stage for both groups. The study revealed a significant elevation (P<0.05) in thickness value of tunica albuginea, cortex and medulla in the right ovary compared with the left one in normal adult goat (group A). The left ovary in group (B) showed significant increase in the thickness value of tunica albuginea, cortex and medulla compared with those in similar (left) ovary in group (A) which indicated that the remaining ovary in group (B) showed compensatory action in increasing their histological structures measurements. The short operative time, no intraoperative and less postoperative complications referred to that the laparoscopic ovariectomy in goats could be performed successfully with this technique and by using of harmonic scalpel.

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