scholarly journals Evaluation of the Changes in Mental Health State at the Beginning of COVID-19 in Hospital Personnel

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Gülgün Durat ◽  
Hatice Oksal ◽  
Emine Cincioğlu ◽  
Çiğdem Şen Tepe
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Health State ◽  
Hospital Personnel ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

Objective: In the present study, it was aimed to determine the changes in the mental states of hospital personnel at the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic, and the factors affecting these changes. Methods: The research sample consisted of 299 hospital personnel in Turkey, who could be reached with the online method. The data were collected using the “Information Form”, which was prepared in line with the literature and the pandemic process, “The Impact of Event Scale (IES)” and the “Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DAS-21)”. Results: It was found that the sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, and the characteristics related to COVID-19 were effective on the participants in terms of their mental states and the way they perceived traumatic experiences. According to the multiple linear regression analyses, it was found that hyper arousal and reexperiencing predicted stress, anxiety, and depression with a rate of 58.5%, 59.0% and 60.6%, respectively. Conclusion: At the beginning of the pandemic, it was observed that the responses of frontline hospital employees to traumatic experiences affected their mental states. Psychiatric nurses should take an active role in the development and implementation of psychosocial support programs for hospital personnel. Bangladesh J Medicine July 2022; 33(1) : 19-26

scholarly journals Psychological effects of the COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown among students and workers of a Spanish university

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Odriozola-González ◽  
Álvaro Planchuelo-Gómez ◽  
María Jesús Irurtia-Muñiz ◽  
Rodrigo de Luis-García
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The University ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to analyze the psychological impact of COVID-19 in the university community during the first weeks of confinement. A cross-sectional study was conducted. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) was employed to assess symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. The emotional impact of the situation was analyzed using the Impact of Event Scale. An online survey was fulfilled by 2530 members of the University of Valladolid, in Spain. Moderate to extremely severe scores of anxiety, depression, and stress were reported by 21.34%, 34.19% and 28.14% of the respondents, respectively. A total of 50.43% of respondents presented moderate to severe impact of the outbreak. Students from Arts & Humanities and Social Sciences & Law showed higher scores related to anxiety, depression, stress and impact of event with respect to students from Engineering & Architecture. University staff presented lower scores in all measures compared to students, who seem to have suffered an important psychological impact during the first weeks of the COVID-19 lockdown. In order to provide timely crisis-oriented psychological services and to take preventive measures in future pandemic situations, mental health in university students should be carefully monitored.

scholarly journals Psychological symptoms of the outbreak of the COVID-19 confinement in Spain

2020 ◽  
pp. 135910532096708
Author(s):  
Paula Odriozola-González ◽  
Álvaro Planchuelo-Gómez ◽  
María Jesús Irurtia ◽  
Rodrigo de Luis-García
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Spanish Population ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact

We studied the short-term psychological effects of the COVID-19 crisis and the quarantine on 3550 adults from the Spanish population in a cross-sectional survey. Symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress were analyzed using the 21-item version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale. Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder were analyzed using the Impact of Event Scale. Symptomatic scores of anxiety, depression, and stress were observed in 20% to 30% of respondents. Symptomatic scores indicating psychological stress were found in 47.5% of respondents. Similar to the findings of other multiple studies, confinement has been found to have significant emotional impact in the Spanish population.

scholarly journals Altered functional connectivity in the fear network of firefighters with repeated traumatic stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 214 (06) ◽  
pp. 347-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyeonseok Jeong ◽  
Shinwon Park ◽  
Stephen R. Dager ◽  
Soo Mee Lim ◽  
Suji L. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundFirefighters are routinely exposed to various traumatic events and often experience a range of trauma-related symptoms. Although these repeated traumatic exposures rarely progress to the development of post-traumatic stress disorder, firefighters are still considered to be a vulnerable population with regard to trauma.AimsTo investigate how the human brain responds to or compensates for the repeated experience of traumatic stress.MethodWe included 98 healthy firefighters with repeated traumatic experiences but without any diagnosis of mental illness and 98 non-firefighter healthy individuals without any history of trauma. Functional connectivity within the fear circuitry, which consists of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, insula, amygdala, hippocampus and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), was examined using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Trauma-related symptoms were evaluated using the Impact of Event Scale – Revised.ResultsThe firefighter group had greater functional connectivity between the insula and several regions of the fear circuitry including the bilateral amygdalae, bilateral hippocampi and vmPFC as compared with healthy individuals. In the firefighter group, stronger insula–amygdala connectivity was associated with greater severity of trauma-related symptoms (β = 0.36, P = 0.005), whereas higher insula–vmPFC connectivity was related to milder symptoms in response to repeated trauma (β = −0.28, P = 0.01).ConclusionsThe current findings suggest an active involvement of insular functional connectivity in response to repeated traumatic stress. Functional connectivity of the insula in relation to the amygdala and vmPFC may be potential pathways that underlie the risk for and resilience to repeated traumatic stress, respectively.Declaration of interestNone.

scholarly journals Worries and concerns about COVID-19 lockdown aggravate stress reactions among pregnant women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsufumi Suda ◽  
Yumiko Miura ◽  
Motoko Katayama ◽  
Hiroshi Senba ◽  
Mioko Takahata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Related Information ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose: Since the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a huge impact worldwide, numerous governments have declared lockdowns to prevent further transmission of the virus. However, both the lockdown and the outbreak itself, have influenced pregnant women’s daily lives. This study’s aim was to assess the extent to which COVID-19 lockdown had psychologically impacted pregnant women and suggest the necessary measures for reassuring them.Methods: An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted for collecting socio-demographic and COVID-19 related information. The COVID-19 lockdown-related psychological impact and mental health status were assessed using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the short form of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), respectively. The associations between socio-demographics and COVID-19 related information, and psychometrics were assessed by conducting univariate analyses. Subsequently, multiple regression analyses were conducted to ascertain which variables were significantly associated with scores of IES-R and DASS-21 stress subscales.Results: Of the 142 participants who completed the questionnaire, 6 were excluded because they were being treated for psychiatric disorders. The presence of depression, anxiety, and stress were identified in 17.7%, 12.5%, and 12.5% of the participants, respectively. While concerns about household finance due to the COVID-19 outbreak independently contributed to the psychological impact; the presence of nasal discharge and concerns about social support were independently associated with perceived stress.Conclusions: In pandemic situations, concerns about household finances and social support due to lockdown could become targets for interventions among pregnant women.

A Parent's Tears: Primary Results from the Traumatic Experiences and Resiliency Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Cacciatore ◽  
Jeffrey R. Lacasse ◽  
Cynthia A. Lietz ◽  
Jane McPherson
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Family Assessment Device ◽  
Bereaved Parents ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physical Health Problems ◽  
The Impact

This study examined health/mental health status, family functioning, and resiliency among a sample of bereaved parents ( N = 503). Participants were recruited from an online support community to complete an online survey instrument (response rate = 51.75%). The questionnaire contained an array of self-report instruments, such as the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist-25 (HSCL-25), the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and the Family Assessment Device (FAD), as well as open-ended questions. Many respondents scored over the clinical cut-off for the HSCL-25 (51.3%, n = 258) and IES-R (42.3%, n = 213). IES-R scores were negatively correlated with years-since loss ( r = −0.24, p < .05). In narrative responses, participants described a wide range of deeply impactful mental and physical health problems. The results indicate significant clinical distress in this sample of bereaved parents, with many reporting enduring psychological, familial, and health consequences following the death of a child.

scholarly journals The “Healthcare Workers’ Wellbeing (Benessere Operatori)” Project: A Picture of the Mental Health Conditions of Italian Healthcare Workers during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5267
Author(s):  
Valentina Di Mattei ◽  
Gaia Perego ◽  
Francesca Milano ◽  
Martina Mazzetti ◽  
Paola Taranto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Anger Expression ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

During the last year, the COVID-19 outbreak put all the healthcare workers around the world at risk of physical and psychological sequelae. The general purpose of the present study was to assess the mental health of Italian healthcare workers during the COVID-19 outbreak and to identify high-risk groups. Here, we present results from the baseline assessment of the “Healthcare workers’ wellbeing (Benessere Operatori)” project on a sample of 1055 healthcare workers. Participants completed the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21, the Insomnia Severity Index, the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Healthcare workers who worked in COVID wards reported higher levels of anxiety, insomnia, post-traumatic stress, anger, and burnout, compared to those reported by the healthcare workers who worked in non-COVID wards. Moreover, nurses, both in COVID and non-COVID wards, were at higher risk of experiencing psychological distress compared to other groups of healthcare workers. These findings highlight the importance of implementing targeted psychological interventions for healthcare workers operating in COVID wards and nurses, who seem to be the most vulnerable categories.

Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Impact of Event Scale - Revised

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Orazem ◽  
Claire Hebenstreit ◽  
Daniel King ◽  
Lynda King ◽  
Arieh Shalev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Impact

Post-traumatic Growth: Longitudinal Study on Battered Women in Close Relationships after Both They and Their Partners Undergo Therapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052199793
Author(s):  
Dorota Dyjakon ◽  
Beata Rajba
Keyword(s):  
Battered Women ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Post Traumatic Growth ◽  
Polish Version ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Impact

Violence in intimate relationships is a major problem worldwide. Many women, despite having experienced violence from a partner, decide to remain in a relationship with the perpetrator. A special premise for such a decision is that the abusive partner undertakes therapy that serves to build security in the family. An important indicator of dealing with violence is post-traumatic growth (PTG), a concept introduced by Calhoun and Tedeschi (1998) to describe positive changes as a result of traumatic experiences. The purpose of the research was to assess PTG changes in the course of relationships in which the woman had experienced violence from her partner, but both her partner and she had undertaken therapy and changed their behavior ( N = 48). The conducted research used a demographic survey and two questionnaires: The Polish version of the Impact Event Scale-Revised (IES-R, Weiss, Marmara prepared by Juczyński and Ogińska-Bulik [2009]) examining three dimensions of trauma (intrusion, hyperarousal, and avoidance) and the Post-traumatic Growth Inventory ( Tedeschi & Calhoun [2004] ; Polish version prepared by Ogińska-Bulik & Juczyński [2010] ). The studies showed that over a period of one and half years, significant changes in PTG had taken place. Reportedly, changes in self-perception and changes in relating to others have decreased, while appreciation of life increased but spiritual life remained the same. The research also allowed us to distinguish several groups of corelates in changes in individual PTG categories. The studies also indicate that building a close relationship with the person who caused the harm can limit the victim’s PTG.

Perpetration-induced Traumatic Stress in Persons Who Euthanize Nonhuman Animals in Surgeries, Animal Shelters, and Laboratories

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauleen Bennett ◽  
Vanessa Rohlf
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Traumatic Symptoms

AbstractThis study explored possible identification of Perpetration-induced Traumatic Stress (PITS) in workers whose occupations required euthanizing nonhuman animals and determining whether event or person-related factors influenced symptoms. The sample included 148 animal workers: veterinarians, veterinary nurses, and research and animal shelter staff. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) assessed traumatic stress. Experimenters constructed additional scales measuring satisfaction with social support, participation in various types of training, and concern over animal death. More than 70% of participants reported affinity toward animals had strongly influenced their occupation selection. Half the sample perceived animal death—particularly euthanasia—as one of the least desirable jobs. Of the sample, 11% reported experiencing moderate levels of traumatic symptoms. The study found lower levels of euthanasia-related stress were associated with increased satisfaction with social support and length of time working with animals. Those who reported high levels of concern about animal death reported higher levels of euthanasia-related stress. The study found occupational context was not associated with different levels of euthanasia-related stress symptoms—even though reasons for administering euthanasia differed significantly between occupations.

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