scholarly journals Effects of maternal anaemia on neonatal outcome – a study done in the specialized urban hospital set up in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-180
Author(s):  
B Mahamuda ◽  
S Tanira ◽  
W Feroza ◽  
HA Perven ◽  
A Shamim
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Neonatal Outcome ◽  
Maternal Anaemia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Context: Anaemia is a common pregnancy related disorder in Bangladesh that causes various maternal and fetal problems. A prospective study was designed to see the associated maternal factors and fetal outcome in different categories of anaemia and to compare with that of normal pregnancy. Methods: The study was carried out on 60 Bangladeshi women within 35-40 weeks of gestation. Among them, 20 with normal uncomplicated pregnancies were considered as control group or group A, another 27 having pregnancies with mild anaemia were considered as group B, and 13 having pregnancies with moderate anaemia were considered as group C. Severe anaemic mothers were considered as group D, but not found during the period of collection of data for this study. The mothers were selected as who were suffering from antenatal anaemia i.e. having heamoglobin level <10 gm/dl (mild, if <10 gm/dl; moderate, if <8 gm/dl; and severe, if <6 gm/dl) and control i.e. having heamoglobin level ≥10 gm/dl. The foetal outcome was observed and recorded after delivery. Results: The mean age of the mother was 23.65±3.83 years, 27.26±4.93 years and 25.85±4.62 years and the mean number of gravidity was 1.65±0.67, 2.15±0.72 and 2.69±1.03 in group A, group B and group C respectively. The difference was statistically highly significant in between A and C (p<0.001) and also significant in between A & B and B & C (p<0.05). The mean gestational age of the mother was 38.65±0.88 weeks, 37.37±1.01 weeks and 37.15±1.28 weeks in group A, group B and group C respectively and the difference was statistically significant between A & B and A & C (p<0.001). The mean birth weight of the neonate was 3.09±0.30 Kg., 2.99±0.16 Kg. and 2.95±0.21 Kg., while the mean APGAR score of the neonate at first minute of birth was 8.90±1.07, 8.11±0.89 and 7.69±0.48 in group A, group B and group C respectively. No significant difference was found in birth weight of the newborn babies in between the groups of the mothers. However, the difference was found significant in between A & B (p<0.01) and A & C (p<0.001), in case of APGAR score. Key words: Maternal anaemia, gestational age, neonatal outcome, birth weight, APGAR score. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v10i3.8361 BJMS 2011; 10(3): 177-180

scholarly journals Evaluation of Creatine Kinase, Lactate Dehydrogenase, and Amylase Concentrations in Umbilical Blood of Preterm Infants after Long-Term Tocolysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiyuki Nakajima ◽  
Naoki Masaoka
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Umbilical Blood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and amylase levels of preterm infants following long-term tocolysis in pregnant women are limited. The objective of this study was to determine if the tocolytic therapy affects CK, LDH, and amylase levels in the umbilical blood. This study included 215 preterm infants born to women treated with and without ritodrine hydrochloride. CK, LDH, and amylase levels in the umbilical blood at delivery were determined. Infants were divided according to the ritodrine tocolysis, as follows: Group A (n=91), not exposed to ritodrine; Group B (n=44), IV ritodrine for <1 week; Group C (n=80), IV ritodrine for ≥1 week. The CK concentration in cord blood of Group C (198.8±14.2 IU/L) was significantly higher in comparison with Group A (155.0±7.3 IU/L,P<0.05). There was no significant difference in LDH and amylase levels in the three groups. The CK significantly correlated with gestational age (r=0.42,P<0.01) and birth weight (r=0.38,P<0.01). LDH and amylase levels did not change with gestational age nor birth weight. In conclusion, long-term ritodrine tocolysis leads to increased umbilical blood CK level.

scholarly journals CO2 Cholangiography Reduce Cholangitis Risk in Patients with Bismuth Type IV Hilar Biliary Obstruction during ERCP

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
wenhui zhang ◽  
Peng peng Ding ◽  
lei liu ◽  
yanling wang ◽  
wenhui lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Endoscopic Palliation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hilar Biliary Obstruction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Abstract Backgrounds: Endoscopic palliation in hilar obstruction requires endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), whereas cholangitis could be induced by contrast injection. Post ERCP cholangitis risk is particularly high in Bismuth type IV hilar obstruction, and the risk is further increased if the contrast could not be drained. The aim of this study is to evaluate the cholangitis risks associated with contrast agent, air and CO 2 injection in type IV hilar lesions. Methods : The authors retrospectively evaluated the utility of contrast, air and CO 2 cholangiography in consecutive 70 patients with type IV hilar obstruction. The patients were divided into 3 groups based on the agent used: A) contrast (n=22), B) air (n=18), and C) CO 2 (n=30). Prior to ERCP, MRCP was obtained in all patients to guide endoscopic intervention. Results : At baseline, there was no significant difference in patient’s age, gender, symptoms, liver function tests between different groups ( p ＞0.05). The complication rates in group B and C were significantly lower than that in group A (27.8% and 26.7% versus 63.6%, p ＜0.05). Except cholangitis risk ( p ＜0.05), no significant difference was found in post ERCP pancreatitis and bleeding risks (both p ＞0.05) between the 3 groups. After ERCP, the mean hospital stay duration was shorter in group B and C compared with group A ( p ＜0.05). However, the difference of one month mortality between 3 groups was not significant ( p ＞0.05). There was no significant difference between group B and C in primary end points. Conclusions : CO 2 cholangiography based ERCP is safer and should be utilized to reduce the risk of post-ERCP cholangitis in typer IV hilar obstruction.

scholarly journals Short and mid-term results of thoracoscopic surgery for esophageal atresia in low birth weight infants:A single-center clinical experience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Yan ◽  
MingKun Liu ◽  
Bing Zhang ◽  
Yu Lin ◽  
Dianming Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Thoracoscopic Surgery ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the short-term safety and long-term efficacy of thoracoscopic surgery for esophageal atresia(EA) in low birth weight infants. Methods: From January 2011 to December 2019,a retrospective analysis on clinical data of 48 cases of low birth weight infants of EA. The clinical data were divided according to surgical methods: Thoracoscopy group A and thoracotomy group B. Variables of intra-operation, postoperative complications and mid-term postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results: 3 were discharged due to treatment abandoning. there were 17 cases in thoracoscopy group A and 28 cases in thoracotomy group B. The operation time of group A(172.41±20.00min)was longer than B(149.82±13.91min),the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).the intraoperative blood loss of group A(7.41±2.83ml) was less than B(18.61±3.60ml),the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).postoperative mechanical ventilation time, thoracic drainage time, hospital stay were not significantly different between the two groups. the incidence of anastomotic stenosis in group B(58.82%) was higher than in A(28.57%),the difference was statistically significant (P=0.045).There was no significant difference in the incidence of esophageal anastomotic fistula and recurrent tracheoesophageal fistula. After 3 years of follow-up, the incidence of thoracic deformity in group B(25%) was higher than in A(0%).The difference was significant(P=0.034).However, no significant difference was observed among the gastroesophageal reflux, symptomatic stenosis, tracheomalacia. Conclusion: Compared with thoracotomy, thoracoscopy in low weight infants with EA has the advantages of smaller incision, fewer intraoperative bleeding, and less incidence of thoracic deformities. Thoracoscopy might be a feasible surgical option for low weight infants when performed by a surgeon who has rich experience. The major mid-term complications after surgery are esophageal stenosis, gastroesophageal reflux and tracheomalacia.

Efficacy and Safety of Oral Ivermectin and Topical Permethrin in the Treatment of Scabies

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Mohsena Akhter ◽  
Ishrat Bhuiyan ◽  
Zulfiqer Hossain Khan ◽  
Mahfuza Akhter ◽  
Gulam Kazem Ali Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Common Skin ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Background: Scabies is one of the most common skin diseases in our country. It is caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis, which is an ecto-parasite infesting the epidermis. Scabies is highly contagious. Prevalence is high in congested or densely populated areas. Individuals with close contact with an affected person should be treated with scabicidal which is available in both oral and topical formulations. The only oral but highly effective scabicidal known to date is Ivermectin. Amongst topical preparations, Permethrin 5 % cream is the treatment of choice. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy & safety of oral Ivermectin compared to topical Permethrin in the treatment of scabies. Methodology: This prospective, non-randomized study was conducted at the out-patient department of Dermatology and Venereology of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital over a period of 6 months, from August 2016 to January 2017. The study population consisted of one hundred patients having scabies, enrolled according to inclusion criteria. They were divided into two groups. group A was subjected to oral Ivermectin and the group B to Permethrin 5% cream. Patients were followed up on day 7 and 14 for assessment of efficacy and safety. Result: The mean scoring with SD in group A (Ivermectin) and group B (Permethrin) were 8.26 ± 2.22 and 7.59 ± 2.01 respectively at the time of observation. The difference between the mean score of the two group is not significant (p=0.117) the mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 4.54 ± 2.05 and 1.64 ± 1.84 respectively at 7thdays. The difference between the mean score of the two group is significant (p<0.001). The mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 2.68± 2.35 and .36± 1.10 respectively at 14th day difference between the mean score of the group is significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Topical application of permethrin 5% cream is more effective and safer than oral Ivermectin in the treatment of scabies. TAJ 2020; 33(1): 41-47

Does body position, age, and heart rate induce IOP’s changes?

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110233
Author(s):  
Marcelina Sobczak ◽  
Magdalena Asejczyk ◽  
Malwina Geniusz
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cardiovascular Parameters ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Effect Of Age

Objectives: The main goal of this research was to determine the differences between the values of intraocular pressure (IOP) in the supine and sitting positions, and to assess the effect of age and cardiovascular parameters. Methods: Seventy-two healthy adults were enrolled and classified into age groups: 20–30 years (group A), 31–40 years (group B), and 41–71 years (group C). Corneal biometry and cardiovascular parameters, such as heart rate (HR), were measured. IOP measurements were taken in the sitting position (IOPS) and in the supine position (IOPL) using the iCare® Pro tonometer. Results: A significant difference between the IOPS and IOPL in the entire cohort was found ( p < 0.001). Regarding the age subgroups, a significant difference ( p < 0.001) between the IOPS and IOPL was obtained in group A (2.6 ± 1.6 mmHg) and group C (1.5 ± 1.3 mmHg). There were no significant differences in the IOPS between groups. The highest IOP values were obtained for group A. The correlations between HR and IOPS are statistically significant for group A and group B, and for HR and IOPL-S for group B only. Multivariate analysis showed that HR has a significant influence on the difference in IOP in the two body positions. Conclusion: A statistically significant difference between the effect of age and the values of IOPS and IOPL was shown. Cardiovascular parameters showed some relevant statistical dependencies, but with a rather marginal significance in young people. The influence of body position for the measurement of IOP for healthy subjects does not seem to matter, despite the fact that there are some dependencies that are statistically significant.

scholarly journals Comparison Between With Kirschner-wires Only And Combined Screw Fixation in Proximal Reverse Chevron osteotomy(PCMO) For Hallux Valgus Deformity

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011417S0002
Author(s):  
Hwa Jun Kang ◽  
Hong-Geun Jung ◽  
Jong-Soo Lee ◽  
Sungwook Kim ◽  
Mao Yuan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Hallux Valgus ◽  
Screw Fixation ◽  
Fixation Method ◽  
Kirschner Wires ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Severe Hallux Valgus

Category: Bunion Introduction/Purpose: Kirschner-wires fixation, sometimes we have encountered pin irritation or pull-out. This is the reason why we consider additional fixation. Moreover, there are few reports according to comparison of fixation method, and Most of them focused on comparison K-wires or screw fixation only. Purpose of study is to compare clinical and radiographic outcome between Kirschner-wires only and combined screw fixation. Methods: The study included two different groups according to fixation methods. One with Kirschner-wires fixation (KW group) included 117 feet(of 98 patients), the other with combined screw fixation (KWS group) 56 feet (of 40 patients) with moderate to severe hallux valgus. Clinically, the preoperative and final follow-up visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, the preoperative and final follow-up American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) hallux metatarsophalangeal (MTP)-interphalangeal (IP) scores, and patient satisfaction after the surgery were evaluated. Radiographically, the hallux valgus angle (HVA), intermetatarsal angle (IMA), medial sesamoid position (MSP), and first to fifth metatarsal width (1-5MTW) were analyzed before and after surgery. Results: The mean AOFAS score improved preoperative 65.5 to 95.3 at final follow up in group A, while preoperative 56.5 to 88.6 at final follow up. Pain VAS decreased from 5.7 to 0.5 in group A, whereas from 6.2 to 1.6 in group B. The mean HVA all improved from preoperative 38.5 to 9.3 at final follow up in group A and 34.7 to 9.1 in group B. The mean IMA and MSP also improved significantly at final follow up. In comparative analysis, the IMA did not show significant difference between postoperative and final state in group A, while showed significant increase in group B. Conclusion: We achieved favorable clinical and radiographic outcomes with minimal complications in patient with moderate to severe hallux valgus in both groups. However, this study shows no statistically significant difference in IMA during follow-up period and lower recurrence rate. Therefore we need to consider combined fixation method to provide better stability and can expect lower recurrence rate.

The role of tolvaptan in prevention of hyponatremia in patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate surgery- A randomized double blind study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-325
Author(s):  
Dinesh Kumar Singh ◽  
B B Baj ◽  
Vipin Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Transurethral Resection ◽  
Blind Study ◽  
Transurethral Resection Of Prostate ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

The aim of our study to determine the role of tolvaptan in prevention of hyponatremia in transurethral resection of prostate surgery. This is randomized double-blind study conducted in 60 ASA grade status 1 and 2 patients age group between 45-80 yrs undergoing TURP under spinal anaesthesia in urology operation theatre in Mahatma Gandhi hospital Jaipur after receiving permission from hospital ethical committee. A detailed history, complete physical examination and routine investigation were done for all patients followed by informed written consent was obtained. Patients are randomly divided into 2 groups. In group A -30 patients who received orally tab tolvaptan 15 mg and group B-30 patients who received orally tab multivitamin 2 hrs before surgery after doing electrolytes of the patients in the morning. In both groups age (in yrs), wt (in kg), ASA grade, volume of irrigating fluid (in litres), volume of prostate resected (in gm) and duration of surgery (in minutes) all demographic and surgical details data were compared. Electrolytes were compared in both groups pre and post-operatively and statistical analysis was done.There was significant difference in post-operative sodium level between the two groups (A and B). The mean level of sodium significantly reduced post-operatively in group –B (control grp). The mean level of sodium significantly increased post-operatively in group –A (tolvaptan grp). We conclude single dose of tolvaptan -15 mg found to effective in prevention of hyponatremia in patients undergoing TURP.

Fetal and Maternal Outcome Asymptomatic vs. Symptomatic Covid Positive Pregnant Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 3423-3425
Author(s):  
Amna Najam ◽  
Samreen Fakeer Muhammad ◽  
Samia Saifullah ◽  
Maryam Shoaib ◽  
Maria Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Nicu Admission ◽  
Group B

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the fetal and maternal outcomes in between asymptomatic and symptomatic COVID positive pregnant women. Study Design: Retrospective cohort study Place and Duration: The study was conducted at Gynae and Obs department of Sandeman Provincial Hospital, Quetta for duration of six months from November 2020 to April 2021. Methods: One hundred and ten pregnant women with ages 18-45 years had corona virus disease were presented. Informed written consent was taken from all patients for detailed demographics. COVID -19 was diagnosed by PCR. 55 patients had symptoms of coronavirus were included in group A and 55 patients did not show symptoms were included in group B. Frequency of pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus and post-partum haemorrhage were calculated. Maternal adverse outcomes (cesarean section, instrumental delivery, induction of labor and prolong labor, hypertensive disorder) were calculated among both groups. Fetal outcomes perinatal mortality, Low birth weight, Low Apgar score and NICU admission were observed. SPSS 20.0 version was used to analyze all data. Results: Mean age of the patients in group A was 28.47±3.18 years with mean BMI 24.03±5.24 Kg/m2 and in group B mean age was 27.99±4.17 years with mean BMI 24.44±6.41 Kg/m2. Maternal outcomes (cesarean section, instrumental delivery, induction of labor and prolong labor,) in symptomatic group were significantly higher than that of asymptomatic group. Fetal outcomes, perinatal mortality in group A 9 (16.4%) and in group B was 5 (9.1%), low birth weight in group A was among 21 (38.2%) and in group B was 10 (18.2%), low apgar score in group A was 11 (20%) and in group B was 8 (14.4%), 15 (27.3%) in group A went to NICU admission and 3 (5.5%) patient in group II admitted to NICU. Conclusion: In this study we concluded that adverse outcomes among symptomatic COVID pregnant women were higher than that of asymptomatic coronavirus pregnant women in terms maternal and perinatal outcomes. Keywords: Pregnant women, Coronavirus, Symptomatic, Asymptomatic, Adverse Outcomes

The effect of ear acupressure medicine at the “Shen Men” point on the nausea and vomiting during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1774-1779
Author(s):  
Sanaz Nehbandani ◽  
Hajar Salehi ◽  
Khadije Rezaie Keikhaie ◽  
Hossein Rashki Ghalenow ◽  
Fatemeh Mirzaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Introduction & Objective: Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders that more than 85% of pregnant women experience. However, controlling and treating this complication is still one of the most important issues in antenatal care. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ear acupressure at Shen Men point on relieving nausea, vomiting and retching during pregnancy. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 100 pregnant women with a gestational age of less than 16 weeks attending the health clinics of Zabol city during 2019-2020 were studied in two control and intervention groups (n = 50 in each group). The samples in the intervention group were trained to apply pressure on their ears’ Shen Men point with the thumb for three minutes three times a day (morning, noon, and night), for a duration of one month. At the end of second and fourth weeks, the data were collected using the Rhodes index form and then, were analyzed by SPSS software version 22. Results: According to the results, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, gestational age, occupation and education. The difference in the mean scores of nausea, vomiting and retching was not statistically significant between the control and intervention groups before the study. But four weeks after the study, a significant difference was observed in the mean scores of vomiting, nausea and retching between the two groups, so that the mean scores of vomiting, nausea and retching were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group. Conclusion: The ear acupressure medicine at the Shen men point can be used as a non-invasive, safe and inexpensive method to relieve nausea, vomiting and retching during pregnancy. Keywords: Acupressure medicine, Shen Men, Vomiting, Pregnancy, Nausea, Retching, Rhodosis

Clinical Results Of A Lamina With Spinous Process And An Iliac Graft As Bone Grafts In The Surgical Treatment Of Single-Segment Lumbar Pyogenic Discitis: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiyang Zhong ◽  
Xinjie Liang ◽  
Xiaolin Wang ◽  
Ke Tang ◽  
Tianji Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Spinous Process ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Single Segment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Segmental Angle

Abstract Background: A retrospective study investigated and compared the results of a lamina withspinous process (LSP) and an iliac graft (IG) as bone grafts in single-segment lumbar pyogenic discitis (LPD) through one-stage-posterior-only approach with radical debridement and internal instrumentation.Methods: Data from 37 patients were reviewed. A LSP was placed in 17 patients (group A), and an IG was implemented in 20 patients (group B). The surgery time, surgery hemorrhage, hospital stay, drainage, and follow-up (FU) were reviewed. The visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) level, segmental angle, intervertebral height and bony fusion time were compared preoperatively and at the final FU.Results: All patients were followed-up for a mean of 27.94±2.35 months in group A and 30.29±1.89 months in group B, without a difference. The mean age was younger in group A than in group B (P<0.05). The surgery time, surgery hemorrhage, and hospitalization cost were lower in group A than in group B (P<0.05), except for the hospital stay and drainage time. Fever occurred in 10 patients in group A and 12 patients in group B. The ESR, CRP level, and VAS and ODI scores were significantly decreased, and there were no significant differences between the groups at the final FU. The distribution of bacterial agents in blood culture was 1 case of Aerobacter cloacae, 2 of Staphylococcus aureus, 2 of Escherichia coli, and 1 of Streptococcus viridis in group A and 1 of S. aureus，1 of Staphylococcus warneri and 2 of Klebsiella pneumoniae in group B. Pyogenic infection was observed in the pathological findings of all patients. No significant difference was found in the mean segmental angle or mean intervertebral height preoperation and at the final FU between the groups.Conclusion: The use of LSP as a new bone graft is reliable, safe, and effective for surgical management for the LPD while surgery is proposed as a good management strategy for LPD in carefully selected patients.

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