scholarly journals Stem Anatomical Descriptors of Four Sesbania Scop. Species And Their Systematic Implication

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-449
Author(s):  
Sontosh C Chanda ◽  
Md Ashik Mia ◽  
Ashaduzzaman Sagar ◽  
AKM Golam Sarwar
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Sesbania Sesban ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster Analysis ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Plant Taxon ◽  
Cambium Zone ◽  
Systematic Implication

Stem anatomical features of four Sesbania Scop. species viz. S. bispinosa (Jacq.) W. Wight, S. cannabina (Retz.) Poir., S. sesban (L.) Merr., and S. rostrata Bremek. & Oberm., were examined to add some insights for identification of these species using quantitative anatomical descriptors. Sesbania stem is composed of epidermis, cortex, vascular tissues – phloem, cambium zone and xylem, and pith, which exhibit significant variations among the species in terms of their area and thickness. Sesbania sesban showed the largest area and widest epidermal cells. The close relationship between S. bispinosa and S. rostrata was found in the stem anatomical descriptors. Moreover, S. rostrata and S. cannabina were closer to some extent according to some anatomical descriptors; also rationalizing the external morphological similarities of these species. A dichotomous key of the studied Sesbania species was made. Dendrograms based on Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster analysis of stem anatomical descriptors also confirmed close relationships identified in previous phylogenetic analyses. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 28(2): 441-449, 2021 (December)

scholarly journals Linking morphological and molecular sources to disentangle the case of Xylodon australis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Fernández-López ◽  
M. Teresa Telleria ◽  
Margarita Dueñas ◽  
Mara Laguna-Castro ◽  
Klaus Schliep ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Single Species ◽  
R Package ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Historical Collections ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Kinship Relations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Different Sources

AbstractThe use of different sources of evidence has been recommended in order to conduct species delimitation analyses to solve taxonomic issues. In this study, we use a maximum likelihood framework to combine morphological and molecular traits to study the case of Xylodon australis (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) using the locate.yeti function from the phytools R package. Xylodon australis has been considered a single species distributed across Australia, New Zealand and Patagonia. Multi-locus phylogenetic analyses were conducted to unmask the actual diversity under X. australis as well as the kinship relations respect their relatives. To assess the taxonomic position of each clade, locate.yeti function was used to locate in a molecular phylogeny the X. australis type material for which no molecular data was available using morphological continuous traits. Two different species were distinguished under the X. australis name, one from Australia–New Zealand and other from Patagonia. In addition, a close relationship with Xylodon lenis, a species from the South East of Asia, was confirmed for the Patagonian clade. We discuss the implications of our results for the biogeographical history of this genus and we evaluate the potential of this method to be used with historical collections for which molecular data is not available.

A new species of free-living marine nematode, Diplolaimella ariakensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Monhysteridae) from the Ariake Sea, Japan

Nematology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Daisuke Shimada ◽  
Toshiki Komiya ◽  
Toyoshi Yoshiga
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
Marine Nematode ◽  
Ariake Sea ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Long Tail ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Anterior Position ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
A New Species

Summary A new species of free-living marine nematode, Diplolaimella ariakensis n. sp., is described from a muddy tidal flat of the Ariake Sea, southern Japan. Diplolaimella ariakensis n. sp. differs from its congeners by the following: presence of ocelli, absence of denticles in the buccal cavity, a long tail (11-14 cloacal body diam., c = 3.2-4.0 in male, 17-21 anal body diam., c = 2.9-3.4 in female), spicules as long as 1.4-1.8 cloacal body diam., gubernaculum 0.4-0.5 cloacal body diam. long with a dorsocaudal apophysis 0.5-0.7 cloacal body diam. long, presence of a precloacal supplement, absence of postcloacal papillae, presence of seven pairs of body pores in male, and the anterior position of the vulva (V = 43-46). A dichotomous key to Diplolaimella species is provided. Almost full-length 18S rRNA and partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene sequences were determined for D. ariakensis n. sp. A maximum likelihood tree of 18S sequences supported a close relationship between D. ariakensis n. sp. and D. dievengatensis.

scholarly journals Taste Interactions between Sweetness of Sucrose and Sourness of Citric and Tartaric Acid among Chinese and Danish Consumers

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1425
Author(s):  
Jonas Yde Junge ◽  
Anne Sjoerup Bertelsen ◽  
Line Ahm Mielby ◽  
Yan Zeng ◽  
Yuan-Xia Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Taste Perception ◽  
Aqueous Samples ◽  
Chinese Consumers ◽  
Consumer Study ◽  
Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sweetness Intensity

Tastes interact in almost every consumed food or beverage, yet many aspects of interactions, such as sweet-sour interactions, are not well understood. This study investigated the interaction between sweetness from sucrose and sourness from citric and tartaric acid, respectively. A cross-cultural consumer study was conducted in China (n = 120) and Denmark (n = 139), respectively. Participants evaluated six aqueous samples with no addition (control), sucrose, citric acid, tartaric acid, or a mixture of sucrose and citric acid or sucrose and tartaric acid. No significant difference was found between citric acid and tartaric acid in the suppression of sweetness intensity ratings of sucrose. Further, sucrose suppressed sourness intensity ratings of citric acid and tartaric acid similarly. Culture did not impact the suppression of sweetness intensity ratings of citric or tartaric acid, whereas it did influence sourness intensity ratings. While the Danish consumers showed similar suppression of sourness by both acids, the Chinese consumers were more susceptible towards the sourness suppression caused by sucrose in the tartaric acid-sucrose mixture compared to the citric acid-sucrose mixture. Agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis revealed clusters of consumers with significant differences in sweetness intensity ratings and sourness intensity ratings. These results indicate that individual differences in taste perception might affect perception of sweet-sour taste interactions, at least in aqueous solutions.

A new species of Cleistocybe (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from the Tibetan Plateau, China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 336 (3) ◽  
pp. 286 ◽  
Author(s):  
HONG-MEI WU ◽  
JIA-QI LUO ◽  
KE WANG ◽  
RUN-CHAO ZHANG ◽  
YI LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
The North ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
A New Species

During field expeditions to the Tibetan Plateau, a collection of an undescribed species with several basidiomes was found. Morphological observation and DNA sequence analyses of the collection revealed a close relationship with Cleistocybe vernalis, the type species of the genus Cleistocybe. Therefore, a new species is proposed for the fungus with full morphological description accompanied by phylogenetic analyses. The discovery of the species extends the reported distribution of the genus from the north of America and Europe to Asia.

An expanded concept of Madisonia including miscellaneous species of Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae): evidence from molecular analysis

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 505 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
ERIC DE CAMARGO SMIDT ◽  
A. L. V. TOSCANO DE BRITO ◽  
ANNA VICTORIA SILVÉRIO R. MAUAD ◽  
NICOLÁS GUTIÉRREZ MORALES
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Information ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
Expanded Concept ◽  
New Nomenclatural Combinations

Prior taxonomic studies in subtribe Pleurothallidinae have suggested a close relationship between miscellaneous species featuring long-repent, segmented rhizomes, abbreviated ramicauls, few-flowered inflorescences, and flowers with partially connate sepals and trilobed lip. The lack of phylogenetic information for most species has prevented further conclusions or changes in their taxonomy; and as a result, they are currently assigned to several unrelated genera: Anathallis, Madisonia, Pabstiella, Pleurothallis, Sansonia and Specklinia. We performed phylogenetic analyses using nuclear (nrITS) and five plastid (matK, psbD-trnT, rps16-trnQ, trnH-psbA and trnS-trnG) markers and demonstrated that these species form an isolated clade which requires generic recognition. The name Madisonia, previously a monotypic genus endemic of the Amazon basin, is re-circumscribed and expanded to include nine species distributed in the Atlantic Rainforest and the Caribbean. Eight new nomenclatural combinations are proposed.

scholarly journals Phylogeny and morphology of genus Nephrocytium (Sphaeropleales, Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta) from China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 319 (1) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
XUDONG LIU ◽  
HUAN ZHU ◽  
BENWEN LIU ◽  
GUOXIANG LIU ◽  
ZHENGYU HU
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Taxonomic Position ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Phytoplankton Communities ◽  
Close Phylogenetic Relationship ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

The genus Nephrocytium Nägeli is a common member of phytoplankton communities that has a distinctive morphology. Its taxonomic position is traditionally considered to be within the family Oocystaceae (Trebouxiophyceae). However, research on its ultrastructure is rare, and the phylogenetic position has not yet been determined. In this study, two strains of Nephrocytium, N. agardhianum Nägeli and N. limneticum (G.M.Smith) G.M.Smith, were identified and successfully cultured in the laboratory. Morphological inspection by light and electron microscopy and molecular phylogenetic analyses were performed to explore the taxonomic position. Ultrastructure implied a likely irregular network of dense and fine ribs on the surface of the daughter cell wall that resembled that of the genus Chromochloris Kol & Chodat (Chromochloridaceae). Phylogenetic analyses revealed that Nephrocytium formed an independent lineage in the order Sphaeropleales (Chlorophyceae) with high support values and a close phylogenetic relationship with Chromochloris. Based on combined morphological, ultrastructural and phylogenetic data, we propose a re-classification of Nephrocytium into Sphaeropleales, sharing a close relationship with Chromochloris.

New aristonectine elasmosaurid plesiosaur specimens from the Early Maastrichtian of Angola and comments on paedomorphism in plesiosaurs

2015 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Araújo ◽  
M.J. Polcyn ◽  
J. Lindgren ◽  
L.L. Jacobs ◽  
A.S. Schulp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Sister Taxon ◽  
Close Relationship

AbstractNew elasmosaurid plesiosaur specimens are described from the Early Maastrichtian of Angola. Phylogenetic analyses reconstruct the Angolan taxon as an aristonectine elasmosaurid and the sister taxon of an unnamed form of similar age from New Zealand. Comparisons also indicate a close relationship with an unnamed form previously described from Patagonia. All of these specimens exhibit an ostensibly osteologically immature external morphology, but histological analysis of the Angolan material suggests an adult with paedomorphic traits. By extension, the similarity of the Angolan, New Zealand and Patagonian material indicates that these specimens represent a widespread paedomorphic yet unnamed taxon.

scholarly journals Taxonomic significance of some leaf anatomical features of the species of Annona L. (annonaceae) from Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
S.A. Adeniran ◽  
A.B. Kadiri ◽  
J.D. Olowokudejo
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Anticlinal Wall ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Generic Constant ◽  
Existing Data

A comparative study of the some leaf anatomical features of four species of Annona occurring in Nigerian was undertaken with the aid of light microscope. The four foliar structures (epidermis, petiole, midrib and lamina architecture) studied revealed useful characters which support recognition of the species. A combination of these features has been used to prepare an artificial indented dichotomous key for identifying the  species. The generic constant features encountered included hypostomata, paracytic stomatal type, linear nerves endings, uneven midrib outline, and centrally located vascular bundles in the petiole and midrib. However, the most reliable distinguishing characters found across the species included presence of brachyparacytic stomata in A. reticulata, presence of trichomes on the midrib in A. senegalensis, absence of druses on the abaxial surface in A. muricata and A. squamosa, a thick pitted anticlinal walls on the surfaces of A. muricata and consistent polygonal areola shape in A. squamosa. The overlapping characters which also justify the closeness of the species and their grouping in a genus were recorded in both the qualitative and quantitative features. Prominent among them are the mean stomatal width which is about 1.0 μm in all species, nerve endings within the areole which varies between 1-2, U- or V-shaped midrib on the adaxial surface and straight to curved anticlinal wall pattern. The significance of these observations is discussed in updating the existing data in the genus. Keywords: Epidermis, Microscopy, Midrib, Petiole,   Systematic

Selected Ordovician Trilobites from the Lake St. John District of Quebec and Their Bearing on Systematics

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (S42) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre J. Lespérance ◽  
Sylvain Desbiens
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Minimal Length ◽  
Large Data Sets ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Eye Position ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Status

The thorax of Hypodicranotus has ten segments and a spine on the eighth. The ages of Erratencrinurus s.l. spicatus and Erratencrinurus (Erratencrinurus?) vigilans in the Lake St. John district do not confirm their temporal roles leading to subgenera of Erratencrinurus, as has been recently suggested. Phylogenetic analyses of large data sets of species previously referred to Encrinuroides and Physemataspis yield a minimal length cladogram containing 18 species. Encrinuroides is restricted to four species, two of which have biogeographic affinities with Iapetus. These results lead to three clades, named the Walencrinuroides n. gen. clade, Frencrinuroides n. gen. clade, and finally the Physemataspis clade, with an enlarged concept of the genus with the erection of Physemataspis (Prophysemataspis) n. subgen. These last three clades are restricted to North America and Scotland, with alternating predominance of one region. Walencrinuroides s.l. gelaisi n. gen. n. sp. is described. New morphological data on Erratencrinurus s.l. spicatus confirm its close relationship with the clades discussed above. Data are insufficient for phylogenetic analysis of selected cheirurine species here surveyed. Eye position, glabellar segmentation, and pygidial shape differentiate the genera Ceraurus and Gabriceraurus; emended diagnoses of these genera are presented. Ceraurus globulobatus and C. matranseris are distinct, but morphologically close to one another. The status of Gabriceraurus dentatus can be stabilized on its extant types.

Genetic diversity and relationships among Egyptian Galium (Rubiaceae) and related species using ISSR and RAPD markers

Biologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadry Abdel Khalik ◽  
Magdy Abd El-Twab ◽  
Rasha Galal
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Randomly Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Rapd And Issr ◽  
Simple Sequence ◽  
Issr Primers

AbstractGenetic diversity and phylogenetic analyses of 24 species, representing nine sections of the genus Galium (Rubiaceae), have been made using the Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR), Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), and combined ISSR and RAPD markers. Four ISSR primers and three RAPD primers generated 250 polymorphic amplified fragments. The results of this study showed that the level of genetic variation in Galium is relatively high. RAPD markers revealed a higher level of polymorphism (158 bands) than ISSR (92 bands). Clustering of genotypes within groups was not similar when RAPD and ISSR derived dendrograms were compared. Six clades can be recognized within Galium, which mostly corroborate, but also partly contradict, traditional groupings. UPGMA-based dendrogram showed a close relationship between members of section Leiogalium with G. verum and G. humifusum (sect. Galium), and G. angustifolium (sect. Lophogalium). Principal coordinated analysis, however, showed some minor differences with UPGMA-based dendrograms. The more apomorphic groups of Galium form the section Leiogalium clade including the perennial sections Galium, Lophogalium, Jubogalium, Hylaea and Leptogalium as well as the annual section Kolgyda. The remaining taxa of Galium are monophyletic.

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