Digitalization and High Technologies As Factors in the Transformation of the World Economy

Th e article analyses the prospects for the development of technologies such as: blockchain, 3D-printing, the Internet of Th ings, 5G-communications, cloud computing, robotics, as well as artifi cial intelligence, virtual and augmented reality. A distinction is made between the NBIC and NBICS technology groups. An expanded concept of nature-like convergent technologies «NBICS +» is presented.

Technical condition of agricultural machinery

Two basic functions of the machine, consumer and technical are given. Application the law of conservation of energy is shown in case of the description of an energy balance of an element of the machine. The expanded concept of technical condition in relation to the machine is this, parameters of technical condition are justified. Communications of technical condition with operability and working capacity and also communication of operability of an element of the machine with its efficiency are defined. The possibility of representation of technical condition in the form of сlass in object-oriented programming is revealed.

The moss family Calymperaceae (Bryophyta) in Australia Part 1: Introduction and key to genera

This paper is the first of five constituting a synopsis of the family Calymperaceae for Australia. An expanded concept of the family is followed, including Arthrocormus, Exostratum and Leucophanes as well as the traditional genera Calymperes, Mitthyridium and Syrrhopodon. A key to genera is provided.

An expanded concept of Madisonia including miscellaneous species of Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae): evidence from molecular analysis

Prior taxonomic studies in subtribe Pleurothallidinae have suggested a close relationship between miscellaneous species featuring long-repent, segmented rhizomes, abbreviated ramicauls, few-flowered inflorescences, and flowers with partially connate sepals and trilobed lip. The lack of phylogenetic information for most species has prevented further conclusions or changes in their taxonomy; and as a result, they are currently assigned to several unrelated genera: Anathallis, Madisonia, Pabstiella, Pleurothallis, Sansonia and Specklinia. We performed phylogenetic analyses using nuclear (nrITS) and five plastid (matK, psbD-trnT, rps16-trnQ, trnH-psbA and trnS-trnG) markers and demonstrated that these species form an isolated clade which requires generic recognition. The name Madisonia, previously a monotypic genus endemic of the Amazon basin, is re-circumscribed and expanded to include nine species distributed in the Atlantic Rainforest and the Caribbean. Eight new nomenclatural combinations are proposed.

ENSINO DE GEOGRAFIA E FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL EM SAÚDE:

O presente artigo busca propor – com base no estudo de caso dos impactos socioambientais e de saúde associados à instalação e operação da ThyssenKrupp Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico (TKCSA), no bairro de Santa Cruz, Zona Oeste da cidade do Rio de Janeiro – caminhos teórico-metodológicos para subsidiar um processo de ensino-aprendizagem de enfoque integrador a partir de uma abordagem geográfica. À luz do conceito de politecnia e do conceito ampliado de saúde, o trabalho aponta para uma possível aproximação entre a perspectiva de ensino politécnico e a pedagogia de projetos na constituição de um percurso de ensino-aprendizagem capaz de subsidiar a formação de profissionais de saúde de nível médio em um horizonte político de superação da dualidade educacional e da fragmentação do conhecimento. Palavras-chave Ensino de Geografia, Educação profissional em Saúde, Dualidade educacional, Ensino politécnico, Projetos de trabalho Professional training in health integrated with the discipline of Geography: teaching-learning perspectives with an integrative approach based on the case of TKCSA Abstract This article seeks to propose – based on the case study of the socio-environmental and health impacts associated with the installation and operation of ThyssenKrupp Companhia Siderúrgica do Atlântico (TKCSA), located at Santa Cruz neighborhood, in Rio de Janeiro’s West Zone – theoretical-methodological paths to support a teaching-learning process with an integrative approach based on a geographical viewpoint. In the light of the concept of polytechnic and the expanded concept of health, this work points to a possible approximation between the polytechnic education perspective and project-based pedagogy aiming a formative path capable of supporting the training of mid-level health professionals and having, as a political horizon, the overcome of educational duality and knowledge fragmentation. Keywords Geography teaching, Professional Health Education, Educational duality, Polytechnic education, Work projects

Posthuman Affirmative Business Ethics: Reimagining Human–Animal Relations Through Speculative Fiction

Posthuman affirmative ethics relies upon a fluid, nomadic conception of the ethical subject who develops affective, material and immaterial connections to multiple others. Our purpose in this paper is to consider what posthuman affirmative business ethics would look like, and to reflect on the shift in thinking and practice this would involve. The need for a revised understanding of human–animal relations in business ethics is amplified by crises such as climate change and pandemics that are related to ecologically destructive business practices such as factory farming. In this analysis, we use feminist speculative fiction as a resource for reimagination and posthuman ethical thinking. By focusing on three ethical movements experienced by a central character named Toby in Margaret Atwood’s MaddAddam trilogy, we show how she is continually becoming through affective, embodied encounters with human and nonhuman others. In the discussion, we consider the vulnerability that arises from openness to affect which engenders heightened response-ability to and with, rather than for, multiple others. This expanded concept of subjectivity enables a more relational understanding of equality that is urgently needed in order to respond affirmatively to posthuman futures.

Managing the Energy Trilemma in the Philippines

Background The transition to an energy mix with lower carbon emissions is hampered by the existence of the so-called energy trilemma. The primary consequence is a trade-off between various objectives of energy policy, e.g., equity and sustainability. This paper proposes a framework and methodology to manage the trilemma by applying methods related to multi-criteria decision making in order to assign weights to the various components of the trilemma.Results Following the International Energy Agency (IEA), an expanded concept of energy security is adopted and translates to a version of the trilemma different from that of the World Energy Council. This study takes into account autarky, price, supply, and carbon emissions. The values of these variables are generated by a software called PLEXOS and are incorporated in a welfare function. Trade-offs and complementarities among the four variables are taken into account by the equations in the PLEXOS model. Meanwhile, weights for each of the components of the trilemma are obtained using the Analytical Hierarchy Process. The experts interviewed for this exercise are considered hypothetical heads of the Philippine Department of Energy (DOE).Conclusion Two scenarios were compared: a market-based simulation and one where a carbon-tax was imposed. The ranking clearly depended on the preferences of the hypothetical heads of the DOE. Policy options can, therefore, be ranked using the values generated by the welfare function. In this manner, trade-offs are measured and the trilemma can be managed even if it is not resolved.

Transzendentalphilosophie als kritische Bestimmung des Stand­punkts. Eine wissenschaftstheoretische Annäherung

Both the categories and principles of understanding as well as the ideas and principles of reason build transcendental elements to conceive transcendental philosophy as a philosophical system. Accordingly, in addition to the “Transcendental Analytic”, Kant develops in the “Transcendental Dialectic” an expanded concept of the transcendental. The transcendental ideas do not denote object-constitutive principles but, in a weaker sense, conditions of the possibility of experience. The relation between Division One and Division Two of the “Doctrine of Elements” can be demonstrated exemplarily with regard to Kant’s references to astronomy. Based on the constitutive principles of understanding, which are directed towards the field of possible experience and provide a connection of cognition through reasons and consequences, as well as the regulative principles of reason, which form maxims of research, astronomy is a proper and rational natural science. The analysis of the case studies of astronomy shows that Kant uses the term transcendental within the framework of the “Transcendental Logic” of the Critique of Pure Reason to denote conditions that are constitutive for the possibility of an object in general and for describing necessary regulative conditions of experience. With these reflections, Kant places his transcendental philosophy in a long tradition of philosophical thought in which the celestial bodies are the preferred subject.

A modern approach to the design of foreign landing parachute systems

Landing parachute systems are among the most demanded samples of parachute equipment. The purpose of the study was to find new principles for developing parachutes with increased stability according to the analysis of the results of numerical and experimental studies of canopies of various shapes. The paper proposes to supplement a traditional definition of the stability of a parachute system with the obligatory consideration of the system’s ability to maintain a given trajectory of movement with a neutral canopy, regardless of the change in the payload mass. It is the expanded concept of stability that is taken as the basis of the modern approach to the design of foreign landing parachute systems. The study substantiates the main criteria for choosing the optimal cutting shape for parachute systems of increased stability of various types at the stage of preliminary design. The results of numerical modeling of canopies are presented: quarter-spherical, hemispherical, polyconic canopies and a T-11 type parachute canopy. Based on the analysis of these results, the study was first to propose a hypothesis that a decrease in the intensity of vortex formation in the wake leads to an increase in the stability of the parachute descent. The results of numerical modeling of canopies of various shapes, as well as experimental studies of a model polyconic parachute, which prove the correctness of the proposed hypothesis, are presented.