scholarly journals Biogas from slaughter house waste and optimization of the process

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Rouf ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
T Rabeya ◽  
AK Mondal ◽  
M Khanam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Stomach Content ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Volatile Solid ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Slaughter House ◽  
Destruction Efficiency ◽  
Volatile Solids

To assess the potential of biogas generation by anaerobic digestion from slaughter house waste (undigested stomach content) and to determine the optimum conditions for biogas generation from the substrate, different proportions of substrate were used in six batch reactors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6. The reactors were operated with initial volatile solid concentrations of 34.00, 50.80, 67.20, 51.60, 48.10 and 63.36 g/l and corresponding specific gas production obtained was 0.258, 0.200, 0.160, 0.270, 0.201 and 0.170 l/g respectively. The volatile solids (VS) destruction efficiency was 31.71%, 29.15%, 28.26%, 32.29%, 30.56 and 29.08% as well as chemical oxygen demand (COD)  reduction achieved in the test reactors were 40.31%, 44.44%, 49.40%, 53.24%, 48.55% and 51.26% in R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 respectively. Methane yield in different reactors varied from 72% to 76%. The optimum mix for generation of biogas from the substrate was 75% slaughter waste mixed with 25% cow dung.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 51(3), 203-214, 2016

scholarly journals Laboratory-scale anaerobic sequencing batch reactor for treatment of stillage from fruit distillation

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1068-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Cristina Rada ◽  
Marco Ragazzi ◽  
Vincenzo Torretta
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Reactor Technology ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Experimental Apparatus

This work describes batch anaerobic digestion tests carried out on stillages, the residue of the distillation process on fruit, in order to contribute to the setting of design parameters for a planned plant. The experimental apparatus was characterized by three reactors, each with a useful volume of 5 L. The different phases of the work carried out were: determining the basic components of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the stillages; determining the specific production of biogas; and estimating the rapidly biodegradable COD contained in the stillages. In particular, the main goal of the anaerobic digestion tests on stillages was to measure the parameters of specific gas production (SGP) and gas production rate (GPR) in reactors in which stillages were being digested using ASBR (anaerobic sequencing batch reactor) technology. Runs were developed with increasing concentrations of the feed. The optimal loads for obtaining the maximum SGP and GPR values were 8–9 gCOD L−1 and 0.9 gCOD g−1 volatile solids.

scholarly journals Influence of Inoculum and Substrate Concentration on Anaerobic Digestion of Ocimum Sanctum (Holy Basil)

2020 ◽  
pp. 217-219
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Anaerobic Microorganisms ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Holy Basil ◽  
Anaerobic System

“Anaerobic digestion is the constrained degradation of usual organic waste in the oxygen deficient environment and the existence of anaerobic microorganisms. Anaerobic digestion is accomplished by microbial diversity. “Substrate loading rate is a measure of biological conversion capacity of anaerobic system and has significant influence on the process performance. Henceforth in the current work, the outcome of different concentrations of substrate to inoculum (0.3, 0.6 and 0.9) on anaerobic digestion of Holy Basil (Ocimum sanctum) used as substrate was explored in batch reactors for 45 days along with heterogenous cowdung as Inoculum. Temperature and biogas were noted daily. “The Volatile Solids (VS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Kjeldhal Nitrogen (TKN) and Phosphorous were analyzed at an interval of 5 days. Though the degradation rates of various parameters showed a higher efficiency at 0.3 inoculum to “substrate concentration, the biogas generation was impending to be maximum at 0.6 among the various digesters.

scholarly journals Batch and Semi-Continuous Anaerobic Digestion of Industrial Solid Citrus Waste for the Production of Bioenergy

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 648
Author(s):  
Erik Samuel Rosas-Mendoza ◽  
Andrea Alvarado-Vallejo ◽  
Norma Alejandra Vallejo-Cantú ◽  
Raúl Snell-Castro ◽  
Sergio Martínez-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Continuous Mode ◽  
Citrus Industry ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Plant Level ◽  
Citrus Waste ◽  
Mesophilic Conditions

The aim of this paper is to describe a study of the anaerobic digestion of industrial citrus solid waste (ISCW) in both batch and semi-continuous modes for the production of bioenergy without the elimination of D-limonene. The study was conducted at the pilot plant level in an anaerobic reactor with a working volume of 220 L under mesophilic conditions of 35 ± 2 °C. Cattle manure (CM) was used as the inoculum. Three batches were studied. The first batch had a CM/ISCW ratio of 90/10, and Batches 2 and 3 had CM/ISCW ratios of 80/20 and 70/30, respectively. In the semi-continuous mode an OLR of approximately 8 g total chemical oxygen demand (COD)/Ld (4.43 gVS/Ld) was used. The results showed that 49%, 44%, and 60% of volatile solids were removed in the batch mode, and 35% was removed in the semi-continuous mode. In the batch mode, 0.322, 0.382, and 0.316 LCH4 were obtained at STP/gVSremoved. A total of 24.4 L/d (34% methane) was measured in the semi-continuous mode. Bioenergy potentials of 3.97, 5.66, and 8.79 kWh were obtained for the respective batches, and 0.09 kWh was calculated in the semi-continuous mode. The citrus industry could produce 37 GWh per season. A ton of processed oranges has a bioenergy potential of 162 kWh, which is equivalent to 49 kWh of available electricity ($3.90).

scholarly journals The Effect of Magnesium Sulfate Addition on Volatile Solid Destruction and Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction of Food Waste Anaerobic Digestion

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1602
Author(s):  
Khansa Luqyana Hapsari ◽  
Firyal Tharifa ◽  
Setyo Sarwanto Moersidik ◽  
Sandyanto Adityosulindro ◽  
Cindy Rianti Priadi
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Magnesium Sulfate ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Volatile Solid ◽  
Demand Reduction ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction

scholarly journals Effect of digester F/M ratio on gas production and sludge minimization of ultrasonically treated sludge

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 1510-1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gözde T. Köksoy ◽  
F. Dilek Sanin
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Thermal Methods ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Sludge Pretreatment ◽  
Sludge Minimization ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Sonication Parameters

Sludge pretreatment by mechanical, chemical or thermal methods before anaerobic digestion has been applied to increase the digestability of excess sludge. Pretreatment processes rely on their ability to disrupt cell membranes and to release organic materials from the cells into the aqueous phase. Pretreatment by mechanical disintegration has grown rapidly in recent years in parallel with the advances in technology. Ultrasonic sludge disintegration –one of the most commonly used mechanical pretreatment methods- enables the occurrence of cavitation bubbles for the break-up of microorganism cells to extract intracellular materials. The purpose of this study was to conduct disintegration experiments to optimize sonication parameters and to operate subsequent batch anaerobic digesters to examine the effect of food to microorganism ratio (F/M) in sonicated and unsonicated samples. Results showed that high sonication powers and longer treatment times were effective in sludge disintegration in terms of soluble chemical oxygen demand release. Sonicated sludge digested in batch reactors with higher initial F/M ratio caused higher methane generations, higher sludge reductions and had better dewatering characteristics.

scholarly journals Treatment of dairy waste by anaerobic co-digestion with sewage sludge

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka A. Pilarska ◽  
Krzysztof Pilarski ◽  
Kamil Witaszek ◽  
Hanna Waliszewska ◽  
Magdalena Zborowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Biomethane Production ◽  
Digested Sewage Sludge

Abstract The results of anaerobic digestion (AD) of buttermilk (BM) and cheese whey (CW) with a digested sewage sludge as inoculum is described. The substrate/inoculum mixtures were prepared using 10% buttermilk and 15% cheese whey. The essential parameters of the materials were described, including: total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), pH, conductivity, C/N ratio (the quantitative ratio of organic carbon (C) to nitrogen (N)), alkalinity, chemical oxygen demand (COD). The potential directions of biodegradation of the organic waste types, as used in this study, are also presented. Appropriate chemical reactions illustrate the substrates and products in each phase of anaerobic decomposition of the compounds that are present in buttermilk and cheese whey: lactic acid, lactose, fat, and casein. Moreover, the biogas and biomethane production rates are compared for the substrates used in the experiment. The results have shown that buttermilk in AD generates more biogas (743 m3/Mg VS), including methane (527 m3/Mg VS), when compared with cheese whey (600 m3/Mg VS, 338 m3/Mg VS for biogas and methane, respectively).

Sludge electrooxidation as pre-treatment for anaerobic digestion

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Barrios ◽  
U. Duran ◽  
A. Cano ◽  
M. Cisneros-Ortiz ◽  
S. Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Boron Doped Diamond ◽  
Boron Doped ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Pre Treatment

Anaerobic digestion of wastewater sludge is the preferred method for sludge treatment as it produces energy in the form of biogas as well as a stabilised product that may be land applied. Different pre-treatments have been proposed to solubilise organic matter and increase biogas production. Sludge electrooxidation with boron-doped diamond electrodes was used as pre-treatment for waste activated sludge (WAS) and its effect on physicochemical properties and biomethane potential (BMP) was evaluated. WAS with 2 and 3% total solids (TS) achieved 2.1 and 2.8% solubilisation, respectively, with higher solids requiring more energy. After pre-treatment, biodegradable chemical oxygen demand values were close to the maximum theoretical BMP, which makes sludge suitable for energy production. Anaerobic digestion reduced volatile solids (VS) by more than 30% in pre-treated sludge with a food to microorganism ratio of 0.15 g VSfed g−1 VSbiomass. Volatile fatty acids were lower than those for sludge without pre-treatment. Best pre-treatment conditions were 3% TS and 28.6 mA cm−2.

scholarly journals Evaluation of acidogenic sludge from anaerobic reactors running at low solids retention times to reduce sludge generation and enhance biogas production

Water SA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4 October) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilza Da Silva Lopes ◽  
Ysa Helena Diniz Morais de Luna ◽  
Jose Tavares de Sousa ◽  
Wilton Silva Lopes ◽  
Valderi Duarte Leite
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Kinetic Constant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Primary Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Reactors ◽  
Solids Retention ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Pre Treatment

ABSTRACT   Sludges generated in the biological processing of sewage are complex mixtures, the constituents of which pose risks to public health and the environment. Anaerobic digestion is considered the most sustainable option for treating sludge because it offers the possibility of generating biogas. The aim of this study was to compare the quantities, properties, biodegradabilities and biochemical methane potentials (BMP) of primary sludge (PS) generated by a primary decanter with acidogenic sludges produced by upflow anaerobic (UA) reactors operating at solids retention times (SRTs) of 2, 4, 6 and 8 days (Samples S2, S4, S6 and S8, respectively). Sludges from both pre-treatments were submitted to alkaline solubilization in order to determine the efficiency of the process in disrupting extracellular complexes. Based on the levels of total solids (TS) present, the primary decanter was found to generate higher quantities of excess sludge (yield of 3.1 gTS∙d-1) than UA reactors operating at low SRTs (yields in the range 1.69 to 0.64 gTS∙d-1). The concentrations of dissolved materials in PS and Samples S2 and S8 were considerably higher after alkaline solubilization, with respective increases of 8, 14 and 28-fold in dissolved organic carbon, 12, 20 and 40-fold in chemical oxygen demand, 25, 31 and 59-fold in proteins, and 17, 21 and 63-fold in carbohydrates. In addition, the BMP value for S8 was some 13% higher than that recorded for PS while the kinetic constant for gas production by S8 was 1.8-fold greater than that of PS. It is concluded that a pre-treatment combining anaerobic digestion at low SRT and alkaline solubilisation would lead to improved performance in subsequent stages of anaerobic digestion and, consequently, increased efficiency in biogas production.

scholarly journals Comparison between biodegradable polymers from cassava starch and glycerol as additives to biogas production

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo André Cremonez ◽  
Armin Feiden ◽  
Joel Gustavo Teleken ◽  
Samuel Nelson Melegari de Souza ◽  
Michael Feroldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biodegradable Polymers ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Total Volatile ◽  
Swine Waste ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Working Volume

In this study, we compared cassava starch-based biodegradable polymers (PBMs) and glycerol (G) as additives used to increase biogas production from the co-digestion of swine wastewater (ARS). We chose to work with an inoculum comprising 40% (v/v) of the total volume of the reactor; this inoculum was obtained from a Canadian model digester for treating swine waste. In the anaerobic digestion process, batch reactors were used on a laboratory scale with a total volume of approximately 4 L and a working volume of 3.2 L. Three treatments were conducted to compare the efficiency of solid removal, the chemical oxygen demand (COD), and the production of biogas. The first treatment contained only swine waste; the second included the addition of glycerol at 1, 3, and 5% (w/v); and the third treatment included the addition of 1, 3, and 5% (w/v) of PBM residue in relation to the swine wastewater. From the results, it can be concluded that higher yields were obtained for the treatment with 3% PBM and 1% glycerol. Most treatments showed high removal rates of total solids and total volatile solids. Reductions lower than 70% were obtained only for treatments with PBM and glycerol at a ratio of 5%.

scholarly journals Anaerobic digestion of tannery solid waste by mixing with different substrates

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
SR Basak ◽  
MA Rouf ◽  
MD Hossain ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
T Rabeya
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Optimum Result ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Tannery Solid Waste

The tannery solid waste (fleshing) was collected from Hazaribagh, Dhaka. It has been found that fleshing contains 82.57% volatile matter. Further characterization of fleshing showed that it contains low C/N ratio of 2.64 and high pH of 10.99. These characteristics were not suitable for using fleshing as a substrate for anaerobic digestion. The study has been carried out in different ratio of waste fleshing, domestic sewage and cow dung at total solid 6% concentration. In all the reactors fleshing and domestic sewage were mixed at 1:1 ratio. On the basis of the performance of the reactors it was evident that the reactor which contains 75% fleshing with domestic sewage and 25% cow dung showed optimum result. Under optimum condition volatile solids destruction 52%, specific gas production 0.476 L/g volatile solids feed and methane yield 73% were achieved. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v49i2.22006 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 49(2), 119-124, 2014

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document