Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis in Lactating Cows and Efficacy of Intramammary Infusion Therapy

The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) in lactating cows of Mymensingh and Lakshmipur sadar upazilas and to evaluate the efficacy of intramammary infusion in subclinical mastitis affected cows. A cross-sectional study was carried out on 78 smallholder dairy farms using a pretested questionnaire to collect data from June 2011 to May 2012. Milk samples from 139 lactating cows were screened for SCM by California Mastitis Test. A total of 72 cows was found positive for SCM and treated with the Neomastipra-JR5® intramammary infusion tube (Hipra, Spain). The overall prevalence of subclinical mastitis in lactating cows was 51.8%, of which 51.4% at Mymensingh sadar and 52.2% at Lakshmipur sadar upazilas. The prevalence of subclinical mastitis was significantly increased with age and parity of cows. In left hind quarter, the prevalence of subclinical mastitis was significantly higher (33.1%) than those of other quarters. The efficacy of intramammary infusion with Neomastipra-JR5® in lactating cows was 66.7%.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v12i1.20464 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2014). 12 (1): 55-61

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Epidemiological studies on subclinical mastitis in dairy goats in northern regions of Bangladesh

Bangladesh Journal of Livestock Research ◽

10.3329/bjlr.v19i1-2.26433 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 19 (1-2) ◽

pp. 112-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

MIA Begum ◽

MS Hossain ◽

M Ershaduzzaman ◽

MS Alam

Keyword(s):

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Housing System ◽

Dairy Goats ◽

Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Milk Samples ◽

California Mastitis Test ◽

Mastitic Milk

A cross sectional study was carried out from June, 2008 to December, 2010 to estimate the prevalence of subclinical mastitis and to determine the responsible bacterial pathogens in lactating dairy goats in northern districts of Bangladesh. A total of 292 goats and 584 udder halves milk samples were screened using California Mastitis Test (CMT). Prevalence of subclinical mastitis at goat level was 56.2% (164/292), and in udder half level it was 33.9% (198/584). The subclinical mastitis prevalence at goat level was high (71.6%) in Jamnapari goats as compared to Black Bengal goats (50.2%), whereas at the udder half level, subclinical mastitis prevalence was 45.1% and 29.6% in Jamnapari and Black Bengal goats, respectively. The pathogens isolated from subclinical mastitic milk samples were coagulase negative Staphylococci, Coliforms, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus. Among these, the most frequent isolates were coagulase negative Staphylococci (28.8%), Coliforms (22.7%) and Streptococcus spp (15.2%). Out of four potential host related risk factors considered, litter size and body condition of goats were found to influence the prevalence rate of subclinical mastitis in goat significantly (p< 0.05). On the other hand, the subclinical mastitis was very significantly (p=0.0001) associated with the housing system of goats, i.e., goats reared in raised floor had a low subclinical mastitis infection rate (35.8%) as compared to reared in earth floor (62.2%). Antibiogram studies were also performed for the bacterial isolates and Gentamicin was found to be the most effective drug.Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 19(1-2): 112-122, Jan-Dec 2012

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Occurrence and aetiology of subclinical mastitis in water buffalo in Bangladesh

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029921000698 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 88 (3) ◽

pp. 314-320

Author(s):

Shuvo Singha ◽

Carl David Ericsson ◽

Salma Chowdhury ◽

Sanjib Chandra Nath ◽

Ovirup Bhushan Paul ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Buffalo ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Penicillin Resistance ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Udder Health ◽

Milk Samples ◽

California Mastitis Test ◽

Bulk Milk ◽

Underlying Risk

AbstractSubclinical mastitis (SCM) in water buffalo is a production disease associated with decreased milk yield and impaired milk quality and safety. Water buffalo is an important livestock species in Bangladesh, but information about the occurrence and aetiology of SCM in this species is scarce. A cross-sectional study was conducted as part of the Udder Health Bangladesh Programme to (i) determine the occurrence of SCM and bulk milk somatic cell count (SCC) in water buffalo in Bangladesh, (ii) identify pathogens causing SCM and (iii) evaluate penicillin resistance in isolated staphylococci strains. Sixteen buffalo farms in the Bagerhat and Noakhali regions of Bangladesh were selected for study and a bulk milk sample was collected from each farm. In addition, 299 udder quarter milk samples were collected from 76 animals. The bulk milk samples were assessed by direct SCC and the quarter milk samples by California mastitis test (CMT). The occurrence of SCM calculated at quarter and animal level was 42.5 and 81.6%, respectively. Milk samples from 108 CMT-positive quarters in 48 animals and 38 randomly selected CMT-negative quarters in 24 animals were investigated using bacteriological culture. Estimated mean bulk milk SCC was 195 000 cells/ml milk (range 47 000– 587 000 cells/ml milk). On culture, estimated quarter-level intramammary infection (IMI) was 40.4%. The identity of isolated bacteria was confirmed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Non-aureus staphylococci (NAS) were the most common pathogens (24.7%) and, among 36 NAS tested, 36.1% were resistant to penicillin. Thus there was high occurrence of SCM on the study farms, with relatively high penicillin resistance in NAS. Further studies are needed to identify underlying risk factors and develop an udder health control strategy for water buffalo in Bangladesh.

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Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Antibiogram of Bacteria Isolated from Milk of Goats with Subclinical Mastitis in Thika East Subcounty, Kenya

Journal of Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/3801479 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Precious Mahlangu ◽

Naomi Maina ◽

John Kagira

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Penicillin G ◽

Dairy Goats ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

California Mastitis Test ◽

Staphylococcus Intermedius

A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence and risk factors of subclinical mastitis in dairy goats in Thika East Subcounty, Kenya. Further the bacterial pathogens and their antibiogram were investigated. Farm level data on risk factors were obtained from 41 farmers using questionnaires. Milk was obtained from 110 lactating dairy goats and tested for submastitis using California Mastitis Test (CMT). The prevalence of subclinical mastitis at goat level was estimated to be at 50.9% using CMT, out of which 86.5% yielded bacteria on culture. The significant risk factors associated with the occurrence of subclinical mastitis were cleaning schedule (p=0.022, OD=1.047) and parity of the goat (p=0048, OD=1.37). Higher prevalence of subclinical mastitis was observed for goats residing in houses cleaned at least once a fortnight. Does in the first parity were least affected. 169 bacterial isolates were obtained from culture, of which 52 isolates from major classes of isolated bacteria were tested for antibiotic sensitivity to six antibiotics. Fourteen different bacteria were isolated and identified from the milk samples. Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (20.7%), Serratia spp. (19.5%), Citrobacter spp. (16%), Klebsiella spp. (11%), Staphylococcus aureus (10.7%), Enterobacter spp. (6.5%), Escherichia coli (5.9%), Proteus spp. (3%), Corynebacterium spp. (1.8%), Morganella spp. (1.8%), Streptococcus spp. (1.2%), Providencia spp. (0.6%), Micrococcus spp. (0.6%), and Staphylococcus intermedius (0.6%) were isolated and identified from the samples. All the isolates were resistant to Penicillin G, while 98% of the isolates were sensitive to Streptomycin. In conclusion, the study showed that a large proportion of goats were affected by subclinical mastitis, with the main bacteria being Staphylococci spp. and coliforms, and that most of the tested antibiotics can be used in the treatment of mastitis. Farmers need to be trained on improved control of mastitis through adoption of good dairy husbandry and milking practices.

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A cross sectional study of prevalence and risk factors associated with subclinical mastitis and intramammary infections, in dairy herds linked to milk collection centers in Rwanda

Preventive Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 179 ◽

pp. 105007 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jean Baptiste Ndahetuye ◽

Janvier Twambazimana ◽

Ann-Kristin Nyman ◽

Callixte Karege ◽

Michael Tukei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dairy Herds ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Intramammary Infections ◽

Factors Associated

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Prevalence and Predisposing factors of Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows in Bakir, Sukomulyo Village, Batu Regency

Veterinary Biomedical and Clinical Journal ◽

10.21776/ub.vetbioclinj.2019.001.02.5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 35-41

Author(s):

Mira Fatmawati ◽

◽

Ani Setianingrum ◽

Ajeng Erika Prihastuti Haskito ◽

Fidi Nur Aini Eka Puji Dameanti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Economic Loss ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Clinical Mastitis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Predisposing Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

California Mastitis Test ◽

Source Of Infection ◽

Before And After

Udder inflammation in dairy cows known as mastitis is still a major problem in dairy industry. Economic loss caused by mastitis burden on farmers due to decrease on milk yield and decrease on the milk quality. Most of traditional farmers recognize clinical mastitis as the symptoms was obvious, while subclinical mastitis were not easy to detect and can be potential source of infection for the herd. Detection on subclinical mastitis were using indirect test california mastitis test (CMT) and direct test with Somatic Cell Count (SCC). This research was a cross sectional study using udder quarters milk sample from traditional dairy farms in Bakir, Sukomulyo village, Batu regency. Field test conduct uding CMT and SCC counting in laboratorium. Data collection using Questionnaire were conduct to asses predisposing variables on farmers. Result shows prevalence of subclinical mastitis based on SCC was 60,22% and based on CMT 18,20% of quarter sampels. Predisposing factors that have effect on mastitis were the sanitation of the cow and the farm before and after the milking process.

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Epidemiology of Bovine Mastitis and Associated Risk Factors in East Shewa Zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research ◽

10.23880/oajvsr-16000129 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Sadia Hajie

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Clinical Examination ◽

Bovine Mastitis ◽

Clinical Mastitis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lactating Cows ◽

Stage Of Lactation ◽

California Mastitis Test ◽

Smallholder Dairy

A cross sectional study was conducted in selected districts of East Shewa Zone of Oromia Regional Stat from November 2013 to April 2014 on dairy cows to determine the prevalence of mastitis and determinant of its major risk factors. The study was done on 250 lactating cows, of which 109 were local and 14 1 cross breed by using clinical examination , California mastitis test (CMT) and culture. Of these 108 (43.2 %) were positive by clinical examination and CMT for clinical and sub clinical mastitis, with prevalence of 4 % and 38.8 %, respectively. All the p otential risk factors considered in this study namely, parity ( p < 0.05), breed (p< 0.05), age (p < 0.05), stage of lactation (p < 0.05),breed (p < 0.05) and husbandry (p < 0.05) showed a significant effect on prevalence of mastitis in present study. Thus , high prevalencence of mastitis was observed in older cows >7 years and cows with parity >7 but high prevalence was obtained on early and late stage of lactation. The study also revealed that cross breed lactating cows and those managed intensively were s usceptible to mastitis. The highly prevalent bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus aurous (46 %) followed by Streptococcus agalactiae which accounts (19.4 %), and others were Staphylococcus intermidius, E. coli and Corynebacterial species with respective pr oportion of 16.6, 10.9 and 7.1%. The present study also revealed that mastitis is the major problem in smallholder dairy farms in the study area specially the sub clinical form, so that creation of awareness about the importance and prevention of subclinic al mastitis among smallholder dairy farmers, milking infected animals and periodic monitoring of infection status of the udder is recommended.

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Cross-sectional study of Streptococcus species in quarter milk samples of dairy cows in the canton of Bern, Switzerland

Veterinary Record ◽

10.1136/vr.167.6.211 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 167 (6) ◽

pp. 211-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

M. Guelat-Brechbuehl ◽

A. Thomann ◽

S. Albini ◽

S. Moret-Stalder ◽

M. Reist ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Milk Samples ◽

Streptococcus Species

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Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis and Distribution of Pathogens in Dairy Farms of Rubavu and Nyabihu Districts, Rwanda

Journal of Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/8456713 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

J. P. Mpatswenumugabo ◽

L. C. Bebora ◽

G. C. Gitao ◽

V. A. Mobegi ◽

B. Iraguha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Dairy Farms ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dry Cow Therapy ◽

California Mastitis Test

A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2016 to January 2017 in Rubavu and Nyabihu districts, Western Rwanda, aiming at estimating the prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) and identifying its causative bacteria. Management practices and milking procedures were recorded through a questionnaire. 123 crossbreed milking cows from 13 dairy farms were randomly selected and screened for SCM using California Mastitis Test (CMT). Composite CMT positive milk samples were processed for bacterial isolation and identification. The overall SCM prevalence at cow level was 50.4%. 68 bacterial isolates were identified by morphological and biochemical characteristics. They included, Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (51.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (20.6%), Streptococcus species (10.3%), Bacillus species (10.3%), Streptococcus agalactiae (5.8%), and Escherichia coli (1.5%). About 67.1% of the farmers checked for mastitis; of these, 58.9% relied on clinical signs and only 6.8% screened with CMT. Only 5.5% and 2.7% of the farmers tried to control mastitis using dry cow therapy and teat dips, respectively. Thus, to reduce the prevalence of SCM, farmers in the study area need to be trained on good milking practices, including regular use of teat dips, application of dry cow therapy, and SCM screening. This will improve their sales and their financial status.

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Subclinical Mastitis Survey on Milk Composition in Dairy Sheep in Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research ◽

10.9734/ajaar/2019/v11i430058 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Mahmood Ahmad Hussein

Keyword(s):

Tissue Injury ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Protein Fractions ◽

Kurdistan Region ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

California Mastitis Test ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Ldh Activity

Mastitis is an inflammatory condition of the mammary gland, characterized by the changes in the physical characteristics of the udder or milk. A cross sectional study was carried out in June, 2017 to December, 2018 to estimate the effect of subclinical mastitis (SCM) on milk composition in dairy sheeps in Kafri city of Kurdistan region of Iraq. Milk samples were gathered from residences of 295 sheeps with subclinical mastitis (California mastitis test (CMT) positive and somatic cell counts (SCC) >600,000 cells/ml in individual quarter foremilk), as well as from 50 healthy controls. Contrasted to the levels watched in milk from healthy quarters, milk from quarters with subclinical mastitis exhibited raised high chloride (>0.12 in contrast with <0.12 g/dl), pH (5.65 in comparison to 5.57), sodium (86.87 vs 47.81 mg/dl), albumin (4.52 in contrast with 1.75 g/dl), immunoglobulins (24.66% in comparison to 5.73%) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity (1344.14 vs 449.84 IU/L). In compare, reduced values were discovered for potassium (147.47 in comparison to 161.34 mg/dl), inorganic phosphorous (19.42 in comparison to 26.48 mg/dl), calcium (86.35 vs 121.12 mg/dl), β-lactoglobulin (30.22% in comparison to 52.18%) and α- lactalbumin (19.15% vs 24.52%). In this study, no changes were seen in blood serum LDH activity. Moreover, an increase in positive response to CMT was found to be accompanied by an almost proportionate increase in immunoglobulin values to 44.32% and reduce of α-lactalbumin levels in milk serum (p<0.01). These alterations in LDH activity, pH, mineral concentrations and protein fractions in milk of quarters display the presence of tissue injury provoked by SCM. Therefore, these parameters can be used in the diagnosis of mastitis. The current study revealed that changes of the foremilk chemical composition are connected to the subclinical mastitis; and that mastitis progression of quarters (CMT scores) influenced protein fractions in milk.

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