scholarly journals Comparison of Doppler waveform and mean velocity of hepatic vein in cirrhotic patients with healthy subjects and their correlation with severity of cirrhosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Mahzabeen Islam ◽  
Akhter Uddin Ahmed ◽  
AS Mohiuddin
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Vein ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Class A ◽  
Doppler Waveform ◽  
Class B ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
The Mean

This descriptive study was carried out in the Department of Radiology and Imaging, BIRDEM (Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorder) Dhaka during the period of 1st June 2008 to 30th May 2009, to compare the pattern of the Doppler waveform and mean velocity of hepatic vein between healthy subjects and that in cirrhotic patients and to detect possible differences and also to assess the accuracy of the detection of changes in hepatic vein waveform and mean velocity for the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis. A total of 40 cirrhotic patients and 40 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Doppler waveform was done in all the patients and the healthy subjects. The mean hepatic vein velocity (MHVV) was 12.22±4.22 cm/sec and 5.17±1.19 cm/sec in case and healthy group respectively. The mean MHVV difference was significantly (p<0.001) higher in case group. 37.5% patient had wave form HV-0 and HV-1 and 25.0% had wave form HV-2 in case group, however, in healthy group all subjects had wave form HV-0 and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between case and healthy. In Child's class A wave form HV-0 was found in 75.0%, HV-1 was 25.0% and HV-2 was not found in case group. In Child's class B wave form HV-0 was found in 21.4%, HV-1 was 71.5% and HV-2 was 7.1%. In Child's class C wave form HV-0 was not found, HV-1 was 10.0% and HV-2 was 90.0%. The and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) among the different grading level with wave form. In Child's class A the mean velocity was 9.18±1.81 cm/sec and velocity ranged from 7.5 to 14.2 cm/sec. In Child's class B the mean velocity was 11.26 ±1.81 cm/sec and velocity ranged from 7.5 to 14.2 cm/sec. In Child's class C the mean velocity was 18.44±1.91 cm/sec and velocity ranged from 15.5 to 20.9 cm/sec. The mean velocity was statistically significant (p<0.05) among Child's class A, Child's class B and Child's class C. From the above summary and previous study it is observed that there is a significant difference between Doppler waveform and mean velocity of right hepatic vein in cirrhotic patients and in normal subjects. It can be used as a new parameter in the assessment of liver cirrhosis. CBMJ 2014 July: Vol. 03 No. 02 P: 23-28

scholarly journals Correlation between Hepatic Vein Wave form Changes on Doppler Ultrasound and the Severity of Diseases in Cirrhotic Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-106
Author(s):  
Tarana Yasmin ◽  
Sohely Sultana ◽  
Mahmuda Nusrat Ima ◽  
Md Quamrul Islam ◽  
Shyamal Kumar Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Hepatic Vein ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Venous Blood Flow ◽  
Class A ◽  
Class B ◽  
Pugh Class ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Class C

Background: Cirrhosis is a common problem and is a leading cause of chronic liver disease. Early diagnosis with assessment of severity of diseases may help prevent the associated complications and patients’ sufferings. Now a days Hepatic venous Doppler can be a tool for diagnosis of cirrhosis and to assess correlation between waveform changes and severity of diseases. Objective: The purposes of this study was to determine the significance of hepatic vein waveform changes on doppler ultrasound in cirrhotic patients and to correlate with liver dysfunction. Materials and methods: This study was carried out in the department of Radiology and Imaging of Enam Medical College and Hospital during January 2017 to May 2018. Doppler waveforms were obtained from right hepatic vein in all the cases and classified as triphasic, biphasic and monophasic. Waveform comparisons were made among patients with differing grades of cirrhosis. Child- Pugh class was used to assess severity of cirrhosis. Doppler sonography was done in 80 patients suspecting of having liver cirrhosis. Data on clinical findings, B mode sonographic findings and hepatic vein doppler ultrasound findings were collected and documented in structured forms. Analysis was done using SPSS - 20. Results: Total of 80 patients who met the inclusion criteria are included in the study with mean age of 45.37±7.64 (range 25-75) years. Among these 57 (71%) were males while 23(29%) were females. On the basis of hepatic function 25 (31%) patients presented in Child-Pugh Class A, 31(39%) with Class B and 24(30%) patients had Class C. Hepatic venous waveform was triphasic in 22 (27.5%), biphasic in 28(35%), and monophasic in 30 (37.5%) cases. Our study revealed 88% (21) of Child- Pugh Class C, 23% (7) of Class B and 8% (2) of class A patients had monophasic HV waveform. The hepatic venous waveform progressively changed from triphasic to biphasic to monophasic with advancing grade of cirrhosis. The relationship of these waveforms change had significant relation with hepatic dysfunction (p < 0.022). Conclusion: Hepatic vein wave form changes reflects the change in hepatic circulation associated with progression of liver cirrhosis. It can be used as a new parameter in the assessment of severity of liver cirrhosis. Thus, alteration in hepatic venous blood flow pattern on doppler ultrasound can be a useful noninvasive tool for evaluating diseases severity in patients with cirrhosis. J MEDICINE 2021; 22: 100-106

Cardiomyopathy in Cirrhotic Patients and Its Relationship with the Severity of Cirrhosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2779-2782
Author(s):  
Saira Khalid ◽  
Nasir Shah ◽  
Yasir Abbas Zaidi ◽  
Muhammad Saleem Hasan ◽  
Saqib Jahangir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Class A ◽  
Class B ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Class C

Study Objectives: To determine the frequency of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis and to compare it across varying grades of cirrhosis on Child Turcotte Pugh classification. Study Design and Settings: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried at Department of Medicine, Lahore General Hospital Lahore over 1 year from Jan 2018 to Dec 2018. Patients and Methods: The present research involved 100 male and female patients aged between 16-70 years having liver cirrhosis diagnosed at least 6 months ago. These patients underwent echocardiographic screening of cardiomyopathy which was diagnosed by the presence of diastolic dysfunction (i.e. increased E/A ratio>1). An informed written consent was obtained from every patient. Results of the Study: There was a male predominance (M:F, 1.6:1) among cirrhotic patients with a mean age of 51.9±9.8 years. The mean BMI was 26.5±3.7 Kg/m2 while the mean duration of cirrhosis was 22.0±10.9 months. Majority (49.0%) of the patients belonged to CTP Class C followed by Class-B (39.0%) and Class-A (12.0%). Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy was observed in 41.0% patients with cirrhosis. There was statistically insignificant difference in the observed frequency of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy among various subgroups of cirrhotic patients depending upon patient’s age (p-value=0.928), gender (p-value=0.997), BMI (p-value=0.983) and duration of disease (p-value=0.782). However, it increased considerably with worsening of disease on CTP Classification; Class-A vs. Class-B vs. Class-C (8.3% vs. 35.9% vs. 53.1%; p-value=0.013). Conclusion: Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy was observed in a substantial proportion of cirrhotic patients and was more frequent in patients with more severe disease which warrants routine echocardiographic screening of cirrhotic patients so that timely recognition and anticipated treatment of this complication may improve the case outcome in future medical practice. Keywords: Cirrhosis, Cardiomyopathy, Child Turcotte Pugh Class

Pharmacokinetics of Dirithromycin in Patients with Mild or Moderate Cirrhosis

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1556-1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresita Mazzei ◽  
Calogero Surrenti ◽  
Andrea Novelli ◽  
Maria Rosa Biagini ◽  
Stefania Fallani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Class A ◽  
Elimination Half ◽  
Class B ◽  
Child's Classification ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Limited Basis

ABSTRACT The pharmacokinetics of dirithromycin were determined over a 72-h period following oral administration of a single 500-mg dose to 8 healthy volunteers and to 16 cirrhotic patients (8 patients with class A cirrhosis and 8 patients with class B cirrhosis according to Pugh’s & Child’s classification). Drug levels in plasma and urine were determined by microbiological assay. The mean maximum concentrations of drug in serum obtained 3 to 4 h after administration were 0.29 ± 0.22 mg/liter in volunteers and 0.48 ± 0.21 and 0.52 ± 0.38 mg/liter in patients with class A and class B cirrhosis, respectively. The elimination half-life (t 1/2β) was 23.3 ± 7.6 h in healthy subjects and 35.2 ± 11.8 h and 39.5 ± 11.0 h in patients with class A and class B cirrhosis, respectively. The mean area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) and t 1/2β were significantly higher in patients with class A and B cirrhosis than in healthy controls, while total and renal clearances were markedly reduced (P < 0.01). The time to the maximum concentration of drug in serum and the volume of distribution values appeared to be similar in all groups, and the mean recovery in urine at 72 h ranged from 3.7 to 5.7%, without significant differences among groups. These results demonstrate that some dirithromycin kinetic parameters are significantly different in cirrhotic patients in comparison to those in healthy volunteers. However, an increase in the t 1/2β or AUC, which is also observed with other semisynthetic macrolides (e.g., azithromycin), does seem to be not clinically relevant if one takes into account both the high therapeutic indices of these antibiotics and the usually short duration of therapy. Therefore, on the limited basis of single-dose administration, no modifications of dirithromycin dosage seem to be required even for patients with class B liver cirrhosis.

scholarly journals Some kinematics of halo coronal mass ejections

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Virendra Kumar Verma ◽  
Nishant Mittal ◽  
Ramesh Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Solar Flares ◽  
Coronal Holes ◽  
Geomagnetic Disturbances ◽  
Class A ◽  
Heliospheric Physics ◽  
Class B ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Class C

AbstractWe present an investigation of halo coronal mass ejections (HCMEs) kinematics and other facts about the HCMEs. The study of HCMEs is very important because HCMEs are regarded as the main causes of heliospheric and geomagnetic disturbances. In this study, we have investigated 313 HCMEs observed during 1996-2012 by LASCO, coronal holes, and solar flares. We find that HCMEs are of two types: accelerated HCMEs and decelerated HCMEs. The mean space speed of HCMEs is 1283 km/s while the mean speed of decelerated HCMEs and accelerated HCMEs is 1349 km/s and 1174 km/s, respectively. The investigation shows that 1 (0.3%) HCME was associated with class A SXR, 14 (4.7%) HCMEs were associated with class B SXR-flares, 87 (29.4%) HCMEs were associated with class C SXR-flares, 125 (42.2%) HCMEs were associated with class M SXR-flares and 69 (23.3%) HCMEs were associated with class X SXR-flares. The speed of HCMEs increases with the importance of solar SXR-flares. The various results obtained in the present analysis are discussed in the light of the existing scenario of heliospheric physics.

scholarly journals Diurnal Corrected QT Interval and QT Dispersion Variation in Non-Alcoholic Cirrhotic Patients and Healthy Control: A Case-Control Study, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taghi Amiriani ◽  
Vahid Khori ◽  
Ali Davarian ◽  
Niloofar Rajabli ◽  
Mahsa Niknam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Alcoholic Cirrhosis ◽  
Qt Dispersion ◽  
Qtc Interval ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
The Mean

Background: Cirrhosis could lead to a long corrected QT (QTc) interval in a subgroup of patients, but there are spare data on its diurnal variation. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the diurnal variation of QTc interval and its relationship to heart rate and blood pressure variation during 24-hour Holter-monitoring in non-alcoholic cirrhosis in comparison with the healthy controls. Methods: The study population comprised 15 patients with non-alcoholic cirrhosis and 15 healthy subjects, undergoing 24-hour electrocardiogram (ECG), heart rate, and blood pressure monitoring. The mean QT interval, mean QTc, maximum and minimum QT, QT dispersion (QT disp), heart rate, and mean arterial blood pressure were measured for each person for 24 hours. Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) was performed by FibroScan® 502 machine (EchoSense, Paris, France, 5 MHz). The results were demonstrated as percentages and mean ± SD. P value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Mean QTc was significantly higher in cirrhosis (438 ms) than healthy controls (401.7 ms) (P = 0.03). The mean heart rate was significantly different in cirrhotic patients (79.6 ± 2.9/bpm) compared to healthy controls (72.47 ± 2.0/bpm) (P = 0.05). Conclusions: In this study, QTc was prolonged and increased with the severity of cirrhosis, and its diurnal variation in cirrhosis was different from healthy subjects.

scholarly journals HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA;

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (06) ◽  
pp. 1222-1226
Author(s):  
Muhammad Amjad Kalhoro ◽  
Irfan Murtaza Shahwani ◽  
Mashooque Ali Dasti ◽  
Syed Zulfiquar Ali Shah ◽  
Faisal Shahab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Decompensated Cirrhosis ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Medical Unit ◽  
Class A ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Class B ◽  
Child Class ◽  
Pugh Class ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To determine the frequency of hepatocellular carcinoma in different Child-Pugh classes based on Alfa fetoprotein level. Study design: Case series study. Period: Six months Setting: Medical Unit-I of Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad Sindh Pakistan. Patients & Methods: A total of 100 patients admitted (inpatients) in Medical Unit I with the diagnosis of cirrhosis were enrolled in the study. Patients with cirrhosis of liver (more than six month duration) of either gender were included. If patients had metastatic lesion of the liver, liver abscess, or acute liver failure then they were excluded. Child-Pugh score was calculated which included ascites, encephalopathy, prothrombin time, albumin and serum bilirubin. The levels of α-fetoprotein were measured and HCC was diagnosed. The primary outcome variable was presence of HCC in cirrhotic patients. Results: The proportion of males (53%) was higher as compared to females (47%). The mean age of the study patients was 40.47 years with a standard deviation of 11.5. At the beginning patients were categorized according to Child Pugh Classes (A= up to 6, B=7-9 and C=10-11), age groups (15-30 years, 31-50 years and 51-70 years respectively). The mean Child Pugh score was 6.83 with ± 1.8 S.D. The majority of the cases of HCC (75.61%) occurred in the Child Class A, whereas 21.95% occurred in Child Class B and finally only one case of HCC (2.44%) was present in Child Class C. Conclusions: This study comprehensively demonstrated that hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is far more common in compensated cirrhosis (Child Pugh Class A) vs. decompensated cirrhosis (Child Pugh Class B and C).

scholarly journals Correlation of global longitudinal strain with disease severity in liver cirrhosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Dimitroglou ◽  
C Aggeli ◽  
A Alexopoulou ◽  
T Alexopoulos ◽  
D Patsourakos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Longitudinal Strain ◽  
Global Longitudinal Strain ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Class A ◽  
Class B ◽  
Pugh Class ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Class C

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction/purpose Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is characterized by high cardiac output, reduced peripheral resistance and diastolic dysfunction and has been correlated with cirrhosis severity and prognosis. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) is a sensitive marker of cardiac dysfunction which is considered relatively independent of preload and afterload conditions and thus may be of high diagnostic significance in this special population. We sought to investigate alterations of GLS relating to disease severity in cirrhotic patients. Methods Echocardiographic analysis of 51 consecutive cirrhotic patients was performed. Images were acquired and analyzed off-line. GLS was calculated with a semi-automatic way using dedicated software.  Clinical and biochemical examination were used to assess severity of liver disease by calculating Child-Pugh class (class C patients have more severe disease than class B and A patients) and MELD-Na score (increased score as the disease progresses). Results Mean age was 58.4 ± 8.7 years, 38 (74.5%) were males. Among patients, 22 (43.1%) were Child-Pugh class A, 17 (33.3%) Child-Pugh B and 12 (23.5%) Child-Pugh C and mean MELD-Na score was 15.3 ± 7.5. Mean left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVEDV) was 117 ± 29ml, mean stroke volume (SV) 72.5 ± 19.9ml , mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 61.0 ± 5.0%, mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) 128 ± 13mmHg, mean ratio of peak transmitral to peak annular (septal) velocity during early diastole (E/e’ ratio) 10.4 ± 4.5, mean left atrial volume index (LAVI) 37.4 ± 11.8 ml/cm2  and mean GLS -21.6 ± 2.6%. GLS of Child-Pugh class A patients (-20.3 ± 2.4) was higher (less negative) than GLS of Child-Pugh class B (-22.2 ± 2.2) and class C (-23.0 ± 2.8) patients. Difference between groups B and C was non-significant (figure). Severity of cirrhosis as determined by higher MELD-Na score correlated with LAVI (r = 0.592, p &lt; 0.001), SV (r = 0.554, p &lt; 0.001), GLS (r=-0.441, p = 0.001) and LVEDV (r = 0.428, p = 0.002). GLS correlated with SV (r=-0.369, p = 0.008) but not with preload (LVEDV), or afterload (SBP). In a linear regression model, GLS was independently associated with Meld-Na score when adjusting for age, SBP, LVEDV and NASH etiology [B=-0.139 (-0.252; -0.025), p = 0.018]. Conclusions GLS is lower (more negative) in patients with liver cirrhosis as disease progresses a relation not affected by preload and afterload conditions. Further research works are required to explain the underlying pathophysiology and to assess prognostic significance of reduced GLS values in patients with advanced cirrhosis. Abstract Figure. GLS stratified by Child-Pugh score

scholarly journals PENERAPAN BAHASA INGGRIS TERINTEGRASI DENGAN PEMBELAJARAN DI TPQ AL-MATAAB DESA TEMBOKREJO – MUNCAR – BANYUWANGI

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Roudlotun Nurul Laili ◽  
Muhammad Nashir
Keyword(s):  
Learning Center ◽  
Class A ◽  
World Languages ◽  
Class B ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Score Result ◽  
Global Language ◽  
Basic English ◽  
Test Result

<p><strong>Abstract. </strong><em>As one of world languages, English is broadly used in many aspects such as science, business,</em><strong> </strong><em>technology, and education. Thus, English is highly necessary to be introduced as soon as possible to the students in order to compete in the globalization era. The purpo se of this community service activity is to integrate the English material in the curriculum of TPQ (Al -Qur’an Learning Center), so the students can know earlier ab o u t English as a global language. This activity was conducted at TPQ Al -Mataab - Tembokrejo – Muncar – Banyuwangi in which the classes were divided into two, they are class A (students aged 7 -10) and class B (students aged 11-14). The methods used were drilling, flashcard, and songs in training and giving Basic English materials to the students. Some steps in performing this activity were preparation, conducting pre test t o find out the initial of students’ English ability, training and teaching, and giving posttest to know the progress o f the activity. The mean score result of class A showed the enhancement from 43.89 in pre test to 62.41 in posttest . While in class B the pre test result was 61.4 and in posttest increase into 71.6. It indicated that students are eager and excited in learning English and it is feasible and potential to be integrate d in TPQ curriculum.</em></p><p><strong><em>Key Words: English, TPQ (Taman Pendidikan Al -Qur’an), Learning</em></strong></p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak. </strong>Sebagai salah satu bahasa dunia, bahasa Inggris digunakan secara luas dalam banyak aspek sep ert i<strong> </strong>ilmu pengetahuan, bisnis, teknologi, dan pendidikan. Sehingga bahasa Inggris sangat diperlukan untuk diperkenalkan sesegera mungkin kepada para siswa agar dapat bersaing di era globalisa si. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk mengintegrasikan materi bahasa Inggris dalam kurikulum TPQ, sehingga santri dapat mengenal Bahasa Inggris lebih awal sebagai bahasa global. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di TPQ Al-Mataab - Tembokrejo - Muncar - Banyuwangi yang mana kelas di TPQ dibagi menjadi dua, yaitu kelas A (santri berusia 7-10 tahun) dan kelas B (santri berusia 11-14 tahun). Metode yang digunakan adalah drilling, flashcard, dan lagu dalam memberikan pelatihan dan materi Bahasa Inggris Dasar kepada santri. Beberapa langkah dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan ini adalah persiapan, melakukan pretest untuk mengetahui kemampuan awal bahasa Inggris santri, memberikan pelatihan dan pengajaran, dan memberikan posttest unt u k mengetahui kemajuan hasil kegiatan. Hasil nilai rata -rata kelas A meningkat dari 43.89 pada pretest menjadi 62.41 pada posttest. Sedangkan di kelas B hasil pretest 61.4 dan pada posttest meningkat menjadi 71.6. Ini menunjukkan bahwa santri sangat bersemangat dalam belajar bahasa Inggris dan hal ini sangat bagus dan layak untuk diintegrasikan dengan kurikulum di TPQ.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci: Bahasa Inggris, TPQ (Taman Pendidikan Al-Qur’an), Pembelajaran</strong><strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Osteoporosis and Jaw Abnormalities in Panoramic Radiography of Chronic Liver Failure Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janan Ghapanchi ◽  
Maryam Zahed ◽  
Abdolaziz Haghnegahdar ◽  
Niloofar Niakan ◽  
Azita Sadeghzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Liver Failure ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Chronic Liver Failure ◽  
Organ Rejection ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Panoramic Views

Introduction. Patients with chronic liver failure (CLF) are faced with many complications, because this organ is involved in various metabolic activities. Hepatic osteodystrophy is one of the major health issues encountered by this group of patients. The current study evaluated osteoporosis and bone changes in oral panoramic radiographies of cirrhotic patients. Materials and Methods. In this study, 138 panoramic views of CLF patients, candidates for liver transplant (65 females, 73 males, aged 19-68 years) referred to Shiraz University Dental Clinic (Shiraz, Iran) for pretransplant oral examination, were evaluated. Also 138 healthy individuals (69 females, 69 males, aged 18-70 years) referred to the same clinic were examined. Abnormalities such as osteoporosis, pathologic radiolucencies, pathologic calcifications, tonsilloliths, condylar degeneration, and other findings in the alveolar bones were recorded. Results. Osteoporosis was a common finding in CLF patients (p<0.001), and the probability of detecting low bone density in the panoramic view was 20.37 times higher among patients than healthy subjects. The probability of detecting pathologic jaw radiolucencies was 8.92 times higher in the case group than in the controls (p<0.001). Other bone abnormalities such as condylar degeneration and idiopathic osteosclerosis were also more prevalent in CLF patients compared to healthy subjects (p<0.001). Conclusion. Cirrhotic patients are prone to osteoporosis of the alveolar bones. Also, pathologic jaw radiolucencies as a result of oral infections are more prevalent in this group of patients. Routine oral panoramic views are acceptable and cost-effective radiographies for use in detecting such abnormalities in the alveolar bones as well as overall dental health. These findings also support the importance of dental health examinations prior to liver transplantation to reduce the risk of organ rejection.

Lack of correlation between vasodilatation and pharmacologically induced immediate headache in healthy subjects

Cephalalgia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 683-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Messoud Ashina ◽  
Peer Tfelt-Hansen ◽  
Peter Dalgaard ◽  
Jes Olesen
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Superficial Temporal Artery ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Temporal Artery ◽  
Arterial Diameter ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Headache Intensity ◽  
Scatter Plots ◽  
The Mean

Background: The causal relationship between experimental headache and vasodilatation has not been fully clarified. In the present study, we combined headache and vascular data from eight experimental studies and conducted detailed statistical analyses. Given that substances used in all these experiments were vasodilators we examined a possible correlation between headache scores and increases in arterial diameter. Methods: We identified nine studies and retrieved raw data in 89 healthy subjects (46 females, 43 males), mean age 27 years (range 18–59 years). The following variables were collected: maximal median headache intensity scores on a verbal rating scale (VRS) during immediate headache (0–120 minutes); the mean velocity of blood flow in the middle cerebral artery (VmeanMCA); and the diameter of the frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery (STA) during the maximal median headache intensity. Results: The scatter plots show no relationship between maximal headache score and the relative changes in VmeanMCA and diameter of the STA. The main analyses of covariance showed a significant effect only of heart rate on headache ( p = .014). The interaction tests were insignificant for all variables. Conclusions: The major outcome is a finding of no linear relationship between experimental immediate headache and dilatation of the MCA or STA.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document