scholarly journals The Socio-economic Determinants of Antenatal Health Care Utilization in Bangladesh: Evidence from Multivariate Techniques

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Ahbab Mohammad Fazle Rabbi ◽  
Shamal Chandra Karmaker
Keyword(s):  
Care Utilization ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Significant Determinant ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Care Seeking Behaviour

The results presented in this study examined factors associated with antenatal care seeking behaviour using the data of BDHS-2007. Multivariate techniques were applied to identify significant determinant of ANC utilization by women in Bangladesh. Five factors have been determined by using factor analyses and these factors are considered as underlying reasons behind ANC seeking behaviour. One of these factors is biological and the remaining ones are socio-economical. Linear discriminant analysis explained the competence of factors identified in this study. These five factors are considered accurate for approximately 70 percent of the observations. It is expected that the results presented in this study will help to formulate better policies and program interventions to enhance the ANC seeking behaviour of women in Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v63i1.21762 Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 63(1): 19-23, 2015 (January)

scholarly journals Health care seeking behaviour for children with acute childhood illnesses and its relating factors in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from 24 countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanni Yaya ◽  
Emmanuel Kolawole Odusina ◽  
Nicholas Kofi Adjei
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Seeking ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Childhood Illnesses ◽  
Health Care Seeking Behaviour ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Care Seeking Behaviour

Abstract Background Childhood illnesses and mortality rates have declined over the past years in sub-Saharan African countries; however, under-five mortality is still high in the region. This study investigated the magnitude and factors associated with health care seeking behaviour for children with childhood illnesses in 24 sub-Saharan African countries. Methods We used secondary data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHSs) conducted between 2013 and 2018 across the 24 sub-Saharan African countries. Binary logistic regression models were applied to identify the factors associated with health care seeking behaviour for children with acute childhood illnesses. The results were presented using adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Overall, 45% of children under-5 years with acute childhood illnesses utilized health care facilities. The factors associated with health care seeking behaviour for children with acute illnesses were sex of child, number of living children, education, work status, wealth index, exposure to media and distance to a health facility. Conclusions Over half of mothers did not seek appropriate health care for under-five childhood illnesses. Effective health policy interventions are needed to enhance health care seeking behaviour of mothers for childhood illnesses in sub-Saharan African countries.

scholarly journals Magnitude, distribution, risk factors and care-seeking behaviour of acute, self-reported gastrointestinal illness among US Army Soldiers: 2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Mullaney ◽  
S. Rao ◽  
M. D. Salman ◽  
B. J. McCluskey ◽  
D. R. Hyatt
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Stool Sample ◽  
Active Duty ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Magnitude Distribution ◽  
Us Army ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Army Service ◽  
Care Seeking Behaviour

Abstract Throughout history, acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) has been a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among US service members. We estimated the magnitude, distribution, risk factors and care seeking behaviour of AGI among the active duty US Army service members using a web-based survey. The survey asked about sociodemographic characteristics, dining and food procurement history and any experience of diarrhoea in the past 30 days. If respondents reported diarrhoea, additional questions about concurrent symptoms, duration of illness, medical care seeking and stool sample submission were asked. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify the factors associated with AGI and factors associated with seeking care and submitting a stool sample. The 30-day prevalence of AGI was 18.5% (95% CI 16.66–20.25), the incidence rate was 2.24 AGI episodes per person-year (95% CI 2.04–2.49). Risk factors included a region of residence, eating at the dining facility and eating at other on-post establishments. Individuals with AGI missed 2.7–3.7 days of work, which costs approximately $ 847 451 629 in paid wages. Results indicate there are more than 1 million cases of AGI per year among US Army Soldiers, which can have a major impact on readiness. We found that care-seeking behaviours for AGI are different among US Army Service Members than the general population. Army Service Members with AGI report seeking care and having a stool sample submitted less often, especially for severe (bloody) diarrhoea. Factors associated with seeking care included rank, experiencing respiratory symptoms (sore throat, cough), experiencing vomiting and missing work for their illness. Factors associated with submitting a stool sample including experiencing more than five loose stools in 24 h and not experiencing respiratory symptoms. US Army laboratory-based surveillance under-estimates service members with both bloody and non-bloody diarrhoea. To our knowledge, this is the first study to estimate the magnitude, distribution, risk factors and care-seeking behaviour of AGI among Army members. We determined Army service members care-seeking behaviours, AGI risk factors and stool sample submission rates are different than the general population, so when estimating burden of AGI caused by specific foodborne pathogens using methods like Scallan et al. (2011), unique multipliers must be used for this subset of the population. The study legitimises not only the importance of AGI in the active duty Army population but also highlights opportunities for public health leaders to engage in simple strategies to better capture AGI impact so more modern intervention strategies can be implemented to reduce burden and indirectly improve operational readiness across the Enterprise.

scholarly journals Utilization of insecticide-treated bed nets and care-seeking for fever and its associated socio-demographic and geographical factors among under-five children in different regions: evidence from the Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey, 2015–2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyi Thar Min ◽  
Thae Maung Maung ◽  
Myo Minn Oo ◽  
Tin Oo ◽  
Zaw Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Hilly Region ◽  
Care Seeking Behaviour

Abstract Background Malaria is one of the top-five contributors to under-5 deaths in Myanmar. Use of insecticide-treated nets (ITN) and receiving early appropriate care in case of fever are the core interventions to prevent malaria and its complications and thereby deaths. This study aimed to assess among the under-five children, (a) utilization of ITNs and its associated factors, (b) care-seeking behaviour among their caregivers and its associated factors and uptake of malaria testing among those with fever in the last 2 weeks. Methods This was a cross sectional study using secondary analysis of Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey (MDHS) conducted in 2015–2016. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the factors associated with non-utilization of ITNs and not seeking care for fever. Effect sizes have been presented using odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Data analysis was done using svyset command in STATA to account for the multi-stage sampling design of the survey. Results Of 4597 alive under-five children, 80.5% did not sleep under an ITN last night. The factors significantly associated with non-utilization of ITNs were residing in malaria elimination regions (aOR = 2.0, 1.3–3.2), urban residence (aOR = 1.8, 1.2–2.9), staying in delta region (aOR = 8.7, 4.7–12.2), hilly region (aOR = 3.0, 2.0–4.6, and having highest wealth quintile (aOR = 1.8, 1.1–3.0). Around 16% had fever in the last 2 weeks, of whom 66.7% sought care for fever and 3% got tested for malaria. Nearly half (50.9%) of the caregivers sought care from a government health facility, followed by private hospital/doctor (27.8%), shop (8.0%), village health worker (4.4%) and pharmacy (3.1%). The factors associated with not seeking care for fever were residing in specific geographical locations (hilly, delta and central plains compared to coastal region) and having lowest wealth quintile (aOR = 2.3, 1.1–5.7). Conclusions This study highlighted that ownership and utilization of ITNs was very poor among under-5children. Care-seeking behaviour of the caregivers of under-5 children in case of fever was dismal with two-thirds not seeking care. The programme should seriously consider addressing these barriers if Myanmar is to achieve zero malaria deaths by 2030.

SEM study of quartz grains from recent sediments: Western Iraq

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 860-861
Author(s):  
F. Al-Kufaishi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Loading ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
Crustal Material ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Recent Sediments ◽  
Quartz Grains ◽  
Positive Factor

Two localities (Al-Marij and Laik) were selected to investigate the type of Quartz Grains from crustal material formed by evaporation of waters discharged by springs in Hit area, western Iraq, Previous studies on the crustal material (1,2) showed that the water discharged by these springs are associated with Abu-Jir fault system which run parallel to the Euphrates river,Factor analyses of the crustal and soil materials (50 samples analysed for 16 variables)(2) showed five factors; the first factor includes SiO2, Al2O3 and TiO2 with positive factor loading, and CaO, L.O.I. with negative loading and hence lead to the conclusion that the distribution of these variables is a reflection of transported clay material.This study concentrates on the use of SEM to investigate the contribution of Quartz grains found in the crustal material on two selected sites.

Prevalence and health care seeking behaviour for sexually transmitted infections among in-school adolescents in Ado-Ekiti, South-Western Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick T. Adegun ◽  
Eyitope O. Amu
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Health Care Seeking ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Stomach Pain ◽  
Health Care Seeking Behaviour ◽  
Care Seeking Behaviour

Abstract Background: In Nigeria, adolescents are highly vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) which have the potential of jeopardising their future reproductive lives if poorly treated. Objective: To determine the prevalence and health care seeking behaviour for STIs among secondary school adolescents in Ado, South-Western Nigeria. Subjects: Male and female adolescents aged 10–19 years. Methods: The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design. A pre-tested, self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from 560 adolescents selected from public and private secondary schools in Ado Local Government Area (LGA) of Ekiti State, using a multistage sampling technique. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Analyzed data were presented in the form of tables and charts. Results: Two hundred and fifty-one (47.1%) respondents had previous symptoms of STIs. The commonest symptoms among the males were penile discharge (30.5%), painful micturition (30.5%) and stomach pain with swollen testes (25.4%). The commonest symptoms among the females were genital itching (27.6%), genital sores (14.1%) and painful micturition (13.1%). Only 26.7% sought treatment from a health facility; 37.0% did nothing; 15.9% went to patent medicine stores, 10.0% used herbs; the rest did self-medication or prayed. Conclusion: The prevalence of STI symptoms among adolescents in Ado-Ekiti is high but their health care seeking behaviour is poor. Health education about the dangers of untreated STI and the importance of seeking treatment early, targeted at adolescents, should be intensified.

scholarly journals Classification of Tea Aromas Using Multi-Nanoparticle Based Chemiresistor Arrays

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 2547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuo Gao ◽  
Yongchen Wang ◽  
Chengwu Zhang ◽  
Zachariah A. Pittman ◽  
Alexandra M. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Sensor ◽  
Sensor Arrays ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Integrated Sensor ◽  
Resistance Change ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Lift Off

Nanoparticle based chemical sensor arrays with four types of organo-functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were introduced to classify 35 different teas, including black teas, green teas, and herbal teas. Integrated sensor arrays were made using microfabrication methods including photolithography and lift-off processing. Different types of nanoparticle solutions were drop-cast on separate active regions of each sensor chip. Sensor responses, expressed as the ratio of resistance change to baseline resistance (ΔR/R0), were used as input data to discriminate different aromas by statistical analysis using multivariate techniques and machine learning algorithms. With five-fold cross validation, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) gave 99% accuracy for classification of all 35 teas, and 98% and 100% accuracy for separate datasets of herbal teas, and black and green teas, respectively. We find that classification accuracy improves significantly by using multiple types of nanoparticles compared to single type nanoparticle arrays. The results suggest a promising approach to monitor the freshness and quality of tea products.

scholarly journals Sociocultural and health system factors associated with mortality among febrile inpatients in Tanzania: a prospective social biopsy cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E Snavely ◽  
Michael J Maze ◽  
Charles Muiruri ◽  
Lilian Ngowi ◽  
Flora Mboya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Northern Tanzania ◽  
System Factors ◽  
At Home

IntroductionCommunicable diseases are the leading causes of death in Tanzania despite the existence of effective treatment tools. We aimed to assess the sociocultural and health system factors associated with mortality from febrile illness in northern Tanzania.MethodsWe interviewed febrile inpatients to determine prevalence of barriers in seeking or receiving care and grouped these barriers using the Three Delays model (delays at home, in transport and at healthcare facilities). We assessed 6-week mortality and, after matching on age, gender and severity of illness, measured the association between delays and mortality using conditional logistic regression.ResultsWe enrolled 475 children, of whom 18 (3.8%) died, and 260 adults, of whom 34 (13.0%) died. For children, home delays were not associated with mortality. Among adults, a delay in care-seeking due to not recognising severe symptoms was associated with mortality (OR: 3.01; 95% CI 1.24 to 7.32). For transport delays, taking >1 hour to reach a facility increased odds of death in children (OR: 3.27; 95% CI 1.11 to 9.66) and adults (OR: 3.03; 95% CI 1.32 to 6.99). For health system delays, each additional facility visited was associated with mortality for children (OR: 1.59; 95% CI 1.06 to 2.38) and adults (OR: 2.00; 95% CI 1.17 to 3.41), as was spending >4 days between the first facility visit and reaching tertiary care (OR: 4.39; 95% CI 1.49 to 12.93).ConclusionOur findings suggest that delays at home, in transport and in accessing tertiary care are risk factors for mortality from febrile illness in northern Tanzania. Interventions that may reduce mortality include community education regarding severe symptoms, expanding transportation infrastructure and streamlining referrals to tertiary care for the sickest patients.

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