scholarly journals Growth and yield performance of Aloe vera grown in different soil types of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanzin Chowdhury ◽  
Md Arifur Rahman ◽  
Kamrun Nahar ◽  
Md. Akhter Hossain Chowdhury ◽  
Md. Sirajul Islam Khan
Keyword(s):  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Acid Sulphate Soil ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Acid Sulphate ◽  
Plant Grown

Plant requires suitable soil for higher yield, quality growth and desired crop productivity that differ with soil characteristics, availability of the nutrient elements and overall soil fertility. Aloe vera, a documented medicative plant, is used for numerous medical and cosmetic applications since very beginning of the civilization. An experiment was conducted in Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh to find out the most appropriate soil for A. vera cultivation. Seven types of soils viz., acid, calcareous, non-calcareous, charland, saline, peat and acid sulphate were collected from different locations of Bangladesh. Eighteenth month old Aloe vera seedlings were collected from Shomvogonj, Mymensingh and planted during last week of May, 2017 following completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Most of the soils were light grey in colour, acidic to neutral in nature and clay to clay loam in texture except non-calcareous and charland soils. Bulk density, particle density and field capacity ranged from 1.23−1.45 g cm−3, 2.20−2.58 g cm−3 and 27.07−30.20%, respectively. The ranges of pH, EC and organic matter contents were 3.8 to 7.8, 0.25 to 14.04 dS m−1 and 0.88 to 16.40%, respectively. The organic matter content was found as low to moderate except peat soil. Total N, exchangeable K, available P and S contents ranged from 0.05−0.95%, 0.17−0.73 cmol kg−1, 3.09−12.10 and 11.06−735.12 µg g−1 soil, respectively. Growth and leaf biomass yield of A. vera was significantly influenced by different soil types. The highest plant height, leaf number, leaf area and leaf fresh weight were recorded from the plant grown in non-calcareous soil whereas maximum fresh gel weight, dry leaf weight and yield increase over acid sulphate soil were found from the plant grown in calcareous soil. The highest fresh leaf gel weight (907 g plant−1) was obtained from the plant grown in calcareous soil which was identical with the gel weight (880 g plant−1) of the plant grown in acid soil. The yield increase of acid, non-calcareous, charland, saline1 (6.32 dS m−1) and saline2 (8.14 dS m−1) soils over acid sulphate soil were 718, 712, 394, 144 and 86%, respectively. The overall performance of the soils in relation to leaf biomass yield was of the following order: calcareous ≥ acid ≥ non-calcareous > charland > saline1 (6.32 dS m−1) > saline2 (8.14 dS m−1) > peat > acid sulphate soil. The results suggest that farmers could be advised to grow A. vera either in calcareous or acid soils of Bangladesh. Since calcareous and non-calcareous soils are mostly used for growing cereals, pulses, cash crop like sugarcane, fruits etc., acid soil could be used for cultivating this important medicinal crop considering the socio-economic conditions of the country. J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(3): 448–456, December 2018

scholarly journals Growth parameters and leaf biomass yield of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana, Bertoni) as influenced by different soil types of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Zaman ◽  
MAH Chowdhury ◽  
Tanzin Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Acid Sulphate Soil ◽  
Acid Sulphate ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Plant Grown

Soils of different types affect crop production according to their capability as a nutrient supplier based on plant requirement. Soil provides physical support to plant as well as supplies necessary water and nutrient elements for plant growth and development. Suitable soil for stevia cultivation in Bangladesh is yet to be identified. A high concentrate sweetness producer plant, stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) was grown in earthen pots in some soils of Bangladesh to choose the most suitable soil/s for the growth and leaf yield of stevia. Seven soil types namely acid, calcareous, non-calcareous, charland, saline, peat and acid sulphate were used as treatments. The soils were mostly light grey in colour and clay to clay loam in texture. Bulk density, particle density and field capacity ranged from 1.24-1.45, 2.20-2.58 and 27.03-30.19%, respectively. pH, EC and organic matter content ranged from 3.90-8.00, 0.25-14.00 dS m-1 and 0.88-16.40%, respectively. Total N, exchangeable K, available P and S contents ranged from 0.05-0.96%, 0.17-0.70 cmol kg-1 soil, 3-12 and 11-735 ?g g-1 soil, respectively. Different soil types significantly influenced the growth and leaf yield of stevia. The highest values of plant height, branch and leaf number, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of leaves were obtained from the plant grown in non-calcareous soil which was identical with the plant those grown on acid soil while the lowest values of all the parameters were found from the plant grown in acid sulphate soil. Leaf biomass yield increase ranged from 16.18% in peat soil and 90.11% in non-calcareous soil over acid sulphate soil. The performance of the soils in terms of stevia leaf production was of the order non-calcareous> acid> calcareous> charland> saline(4.43 dS m-1)> saline(6.08 dS m-1)> saline(8.68 dS m-1)> peat >acid sulphate soils. The overall results suggest that farmers could be advised to grow stevia either in non-calcareous soil or acid soils of Bangladesh.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 31-37, June 2015

scholarly journals Integrated effects of poultry manure and chemical fertilizer on the growth, leaf yield and stevioside content of stevia

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Zaman ◽  
MAH Chowdhury ◽  
Tanzin Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Agricultural Chemistry ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Overall Performance

Stevia is important for its leaves which are used as non calorie sweetener and also in many therapeutic applications including diabetes. The present investigation was carried out in the net house of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to investigate the integrated effects of poultry manure (PM) and chemical fertilizer (CF) on the growth, leaf biomass yield and stevioside content of stevia grown in two contrasting soils (acid and non-calcareous) of Bangladesh. Six combinations of PM and CF viz. PM0+CF0, PM0+CF100, PM3+CF50, PM3+CF75, PM5+CF50, PM5+CF75 were used. The study revealed that PM along with different percentages of chemical fertilizers exerted significant influence on the growth, leaf yield and stevioside content of stevia. The highest values of all the parameters except stevioside were found from the plant receiving PM @ 3 t ha-1 along with 75% CF. The leaf biomass yield was 1088% and 867% higher in acid soil and non-calcareous soil, respectively, over control. Stevioside content was increased with increasing the levels of PM up to 5 t ha-1 and also with the advancement of growth period from 30 to 60 days after planting. The highest amount of stevioside (10.45%) was detected in the leaves of the plant that received PM @ 5 t ha-1 along with 75% CF at 60 DAP in acid soil and it was 9.11% in non-calcareous soil at the same period. The lowest values of all the parameters including stevioside content were obtained from the plant which received neither PM nor CF. Considering the overall performance, farmers may be advised to cultivate stevia in acid soil applying PM @ 3 t ha-1 along with 75% chemical fertilizer to boost up the production of stevia under the agro-climatic condition of the study area in the context of Bangladesh.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(2): 175-182, December 2015

scholarly journals Effect of cow dung as organic manure on the growth, leaf biomass yield of Stevia rebaudiana and post harvest soil fertility

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Zaman ◽  
T Chowdhury ◽  
K Nahar ◽  
MAH Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Plant Nutrients ◽  
Nutrient Loss ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Total N ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Post Harvest

Organic manures as a source of plant nutrients for the cultivation of field crops has received worldwide attention due to rising costs, rapid nutrient loss and adverse environmental impacts from inorganic fertilizers. A pot experiment was conducted in the net house of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, BangladeshAgriculturalUniversity, Mymensingh to observe the effects of cow dung on growth, yield of stevia along with post-harvest fertility status of soil. Four treatments of CD viz. 0, 5, 7.5 and 10 t ha–1 in two contrasting soils (acid and non-calcareous) were examined following Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Growth and yield attributes increased significantly with the advancement of growth period (60 DAP) and increased rate of CD up to 10 t ha–1. An overall performance of non-calcareous soil was better than acid soil. In non-calcareous soil, the leaf biomass yield was increased by 275% whereas in acid soil it was 268% over control. The acidity of both soils significantly decreased with the increased rate of CD. All essential plant nutrients viz. total N, available P exchangeable K, Ca, Mg, available S, Zn, B and organic matter content of soil were significantly increased with the increased levels of CD up to its highest dose (CD @ 10 t ha–1) in both soils. Thus from the findings of the present research work it can be concluded that for getting optimum leaf biomass yield of stevia along with fertility of both soils CD should be applied @ 10 t ha–1J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 15(2): 206-211, December 2017

scholarly journals Effects of vermicompost on growth and leaf biomass yield of stevia and post harvest fertility status of soil

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Zaman ◽  
MAH Chowdhury ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
MR Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Total N ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Four Levels

In view of the growing awareness about eco-friendly organic farming, vermicompost (VC) could be a very good option for increasing crops yield. The organic carbon in VC releases nutrients slowly and steadily into the system and enables the plant to absorb these nutrients. To assess the effect of VC on soil fertility, growth and yield of stevia in acid and non-calcareous soils, an experiment was undertaken in the net house of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during February to May, 2012. Four levels of VC viz. 0, 5, 7.5 and 10 t ha-1 in two contrasting soils (Acid and Non-calcareous) were examined following CRD with three replications. Growth and yield attributes such as plant height, branch and leaf number, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of leaves were significantly influenced by different levels of VC. All the plant parameters increased with the advancement of growth period as well with increased rate of VC up to 7.5t ha-1 and then declined with further additions. The leaf biomass yield was 335% and 338% higher in acid soil and in non-calcareous soil, respectively over control. The overall performance of non-calcareous soil was superior to acid soil in terms of both plant and soil parameters studied. The acidity of both soils significantly decreased with the increased application of VC ranging from 4.9 to 5.7 in acid soil and 6.5 to 7.2 in non-calcareous soil. Total N, available P, exchangeable K, Ca, Mg, available S, Zn, B were also significantly increased with the increased levels of VC up to its highest level (VC @ 10t ha-1) in both soils. Thus the results suggest that VC @ 7.5t ha-1 should be applied for getting maximum leaf biomass yield of stevia and 10t ha-1 for increasing the fertility of both soils under the agro-climatic conditions of the studied area.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(2): 169-174, December 2015

scholarly journals Effects of combined application of chemical fertilizer and vermicompost on soil fertility, leaf yield and stevioside content of stevia

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Zaman ◽  
Md Arifur Rahman ◽  
Tanzin Chowdhury ◽  
MAH Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Combined Application

Sustainable nutrient management with the combination of organic and chemical fertilizer amendment expects a key part in upgrading stevia yield without harming the environment and to build up the nutrient balance with increasing soil fertility. A pot experiment was conducted in the net house of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to study the combined effect of vermicompost (VC) and chemical fertilizer (CF) on the growth, leaf biomass yield and stevioside content of stevia in acid soil. Six combinations of VC and CF were applied following completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Results showed that VC along with different rates of CF exerted significant influence on the growth, leaf biomass yield and stevioside content of stevia and postharvest soil fertility. The highest values for most of the parameters were found from the plant receiving VC @ 7.5 t ha­−1 along with 50% CF. About 578% higher leaf biomass yield was obtained from the treatment VC7.5+CF50 over control. Stevioside content was increased with the increasing levels of VC up to 7.5 t ha−1 along with 75% of CF and also with the advancement of growth period from 30 to 60 days after planting. The highest amount of stevioside (11.05%) was detected in the leaves of plant of the same treatment at harvest. Soil acidity was significantly decreased with the increased levels of VC and CF where as soil fertility in terms of organic matter and nutrient content was increased. Considering the overall performance, farmers may be advised to cultivate stevia in acid soil applying VC @ 7.5 t ha−1 along with 50% chemical fertilizer to boost up stevia production under the agroclimatic condition of the study area in the context of BangladeshJ. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(1): 73-81, April 2018

scholarly journals A Proposed Improvement of Belanti II Tidal Irrigation Scheme, Kalimantan, to Support Leaching of Acid Sulphate Soil Reclamation

2021 ◽  
Vol 930 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
A Setiawan ◽  
B S Wignyosukarto ◽  
A P Rahardjo ◽  
Yakubson
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Soil Reclamation ◽  
Irrigation Scheme ◽  
Acid Sulphate Soil ◽  
Acid Sulphate ◽  
Primary Canal ◽  
Leaching Process

Abstract The reclamation process of acid sulphate soil of the Belanti II tidal irrigation scheme remains unfinished. During ebb tide, the upstream acidic drainage water retains and settles in the irrigation canals. During high tide, the acidic water flows back into some parts of the agricultural land and reduces rice productivity. The measured pH is about 2.5 ~ 3.5 and the measured electric conductivity is about 0,25 ~ 0,35 mS/cm. Sedimentation in the middle to the end of the primary, secondary, and collector canals and tidal pond at the upstream end of the primary canal, preventing the leaching process of sulfuric acid soil. Primary canal normalization as an alternative solution to increase the capability of acidity leaching is proposed. Leaching the acidic soil of Belanti II irrigated area of 3.976 ha requires 500 m3/ha/day of freshwater, equivalent to 1.998.000 m3/day. The one-dimensional HEC RAS mathematical model is used to evaluate the hydraulics performance to support the leaching process. The hydraulic analysis was carried out using two tidal cycles on the existing channel and the normalized channel. Channel normalization has succeeded in reducing the water supply deficit to support the leaching process from 39% to 9%.

scholarly journals Response of stevia to foliar application of prilled urea

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
MM Zaman ◽  
MAH Chowdhury ◽  
Tanzin Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
N Content ◽  
Prilled Urea ◽  
Leaf Yield

Urea can be supplied to plants through the foliage, facilitating optimal N management, which minimizes N losses to the environment. The efficiency of N assimilation through foliage depends upon several factors including N levels and varieties or genotypes. No information is available on the effect of the foliar application of urea on stevia (Stevia rebaudiana, Bertoni). The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of prilled urea applied in different concentrations on the growth, yield components, leaf biomass yield, N content and its uptake by stevia. Seven levels of urea viz. 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3g 2L-1 were sprayed 10 days after planting (DAP) in acid and non-calcareous soils at an interval of one week up to 60 DAP. Foliar urea application significantly increased plant height, branch and leaf number, leaf area, fresh and dry leaf weight, leaf N content and uptake by stevia. Most of the parameters were increased with the advancement of growth period from 30 to 60 DAP. The foliar spray of 2.0g urea solution was found to be most effective for enhancing the growth, leaf yield and yield attributes of stevia. The yield increase was 478% in acid soil and 485% in non-calcareous soil over control. Further increase in the concentrations of urea spray (2.5 and 3.0g) was not found to be useful as it declined the leaf yield by 135% in acid and 175% in non-calcareous soil probably due to its toxicity. N content in stevia leaves was significantly increased with the increased levels of urea up to 3.0g in both soils. Conversely, the trend of N uptake did not follow the trend of N contents of stevia leaves. N uptake as expected increased as foliar application of urea increased up to 2.0g and then decreased with further addition. The results suggest that farmers can be advised to apply prilled urea as foliar spray @ 1g L-1 for higher leaf biomass yield and N uptake by stevia either in acid or non-calcareous soils under the agro-climatic conditions of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(1): 39-46, June 2015

Transformation and fixation of Zn in two polluted soils by changes of pH and organic ligands

Soil Research ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard N. Collins ◽  
Graham Merrington ◽  
Mike J. McLaughlin ◽  
Jean-Louis Morel
Keyword(s):  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Organic Ligands ◽  
Isotopic Dilution ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Sodium Tartrate ◽  
Significant Process ◽  
Rhizosphere Processes

Although the movement of Zn from the solid to the solution phase of soils is a significant process preceding plant uptake, the quantity of metal that can be solubilised through rhizosphere processes is also extremely important. Therefore, the consequences of plant-derived organic ligands, and changes in pH on the isotopically exchangeable quantity of Zn (E value) were examined in a polluted acid and calcareous soil. Variations in pH were facilitated through the use of dilute NaOH or HNO3 solutions. The organic ligands studied included 0.25–5 mM concentrations of sodium tartrate, the free acid and sodium salt of citrate, histidine, and deoxymugineic acid. As expected, the organic ligands and a reduction in pH increased the solution concentration of Zn in these soils. Furthermore, through the application of isotopic dilution techniques, it was determined that some of these organic ligands could significantly increase the quantity of isotopically exchangeable Zn. However, with the exception of the 5 mM sodium citrate treatment in the calcareous soil, pH was the overriding parameter that effected changes in the E value. Reducing the pH by approximately 2 units increased the E value by 39 and 80%, respectively, in the acid and calcareous soil. Conversely, evidence for Zn fixation (a decrease of the E value) was observed in the acid soil when pH was increased. The exudation of organic ligands and variations of pH induced by plants have the potential to significantly vary the quantity of phytoavailable Zn in these 2 polluted soils.

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