Disease Profiles of Head and Neck Lesions Diagnosed by Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

Background: Head & Neck lesions encompass a multitude of congenital, inflammatory or neoplastic lesions including several anatomic sites and originating in different tissues and organs. FNAC is a simple, quick, feasible, cost effective and repeatable outpatient procedure with minimum risk of complications. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to study the spectrum of head & neck lesions attending in outpatient. Methodology: This present cross-sectional study included the patients presented with palpable head & neck swelling from January 2018 to September 2019 in outpatient (mostly ENT & HNS OPD) department of Monno Medical College & Hospital, Monno City, Gilondo, Manikgonj. Aspirates were done using mostly 5ml syringe and 23-gauge needle. Smears were stained with Papanicolaou stain. Results: Out of 210 patients of head & neck lesions studied, Lymph node (50.47%) was the predominant site aspirated with chronic nonspecific lymphadenitis & lymphoid hyperplasia being the commonest lesion. Thyroid lesions constituted 31.90% cases followed by soft tissue (11.9%) and salivary gland (5.71%). Conclusion: In conclusion FNAC is simple, quick, inexpensive and minimally invasive technique to diagnose different types of head and neck swelling. It could differentiate the infective process from neoplastic one and avoid unnecessary surgeries. Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research, January 2021;8(1):21-24

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STUDY OF SPECTRUM OF BENIGN THYROID LESIONS ON FNAC AT TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v4i1.903 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

M. Reeta Devi ◽

Babina Sarangthem ◽

Keerthivasan .

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Thyroid Swelling ◽

Thyroid Lesions

Background: Thyroid lesions are one of the commonly encountered disorders in any hospital. Majority are non neoplastic and malignancy accounts for about 5-10%. Fine needle aspiration cytology is a simple, cost effective, reliable and minimally invasive tool for the evaluation of these lesions and it can differentiate benign from malignancy. Material and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on the thyroid swelling attending the cytology OPD of Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS) during October, 2016 to October, 2019 a tertiary care hospital. All smears are air dried and stained with Giemsa stain. Results: The most common age group affected is 41-50 years of age followed by 31-40 years age group. Females outnumbered males with female to male ratio of 16.9:1. Out of 729 cases, colloid goiter constitute a total of 387 (53%), Hashimto's thyroiditis 318 cases (43.3%), adenomatous goiter (1.2%) and Graves disease contribute 1.1% Conclusion: Thyroid Swelling are very common clinical presentation. FNAC is a cost effective, reliable, easy to perform test with commendable sensitivity. It can spare patients to undergo unnecessary surgery. It also helps in differentiating solid from cystic lesions.

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Supervision and monitoring to assess quality of outreach immunization sessions in a rural area using a checklist

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20202012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 1950

Author(s):

Ambika R. Bhaskar ◽

Mridula Solanki

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Immunization Coverage ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Effective Interventions ◽

Immunization Services ◽

Timely Fashion ◽

Assess Quality

Background: Immunization is one of the most cost-effective interventions to prevent the suffering that comes from avoidable sickness, disability and death. Outreach immunization services ensure that immunization is available to children who are unable to access a general practice in a timely fashion for their immunization events. Effective supervision and monitoring will help in improving quality and coverage of immunization.Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted in the rural field practice area of a tertiary care hospital. 50 outreach sessions held in various outdoor places including Anganwadi were supervised and monitored using checklist. 110 mothers and 20 stakeholders were interviewed. Immunization records were assessed.Results: Outreach immunization sessions were found to be of good quality. 89% children were fully immunized. ANMs and ASHAs were of the opinion that outreach session has significantly raised immunization coverage. 75.4% mothers had knowledge about services provided by outreach sessions.Conclusions: There was increase in immunization coverage due to outreach sessions. There is need for adequate supervision on safety injection practices and regular timely incentive to ASHA.

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Endoscopic Septoturbinoplasty among Patients Undergoing Surgery in the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.7212 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 59 (244) ◽

pp. 1229-1233

Author(s):

Nain Bahadur Mahato ◽

Meera Bista ◽

Bhuwan Bhandari ◽

Rosi Pradhan

Keyword(s):

Confidence Interval ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Nasal Obstruction ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Symptom Evaluation

Introduction: Septoplasty without turbinoplasty is one of the main reasons for failure of procedure in case of deviated nasal septum with inferior turbinate hypertrophy. Septoturbinoplasty is the procedure of choice for complete treatment. The main objective is to find out the prevalence of endoscopic septoturbinoplasty among patients undergoing surgery in Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck of a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study in Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery done over a period of 1 year duration from 1st August 2020 to 31st July 2021 among 1248 patients who underwent surgery in the department. Ethical Approval was taken from Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital (Reference number: 2207202004). A convenience sampling technique was used. Two different techniques, Microdebrider Assisted Turbinoplasty and Outfracture with Submucosal Diathermy were used in surgery. Nasal Obstruction and Symptom Evaluation Scale questionnaire was used pre and postoperatively for data collection. Data were analyzed in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated, with frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviations. Results: Out of 1248 patients, about 92 (7.37%) patients (4.95-10.14 at 95% Confidence Interval) underwent septoturbinoplasty. The mean Nasal Obstruction and Symptom Evaluation Scale before surgery was 75.21±6.19. Conclusions: The prevalence of septoturbinoplasty in our study is similar to other studies done in similar settings. We found almost complete resolution of breathing problems following endoscopic septoturbinoplasty, hence improving quality of life.

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Trans-oral Extra Tonsillar Approach of Styloidectomy for Treatment of Eagle’s Syndrome among Operated Cases of the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.6756 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 59 (240) ◽

Author(s):

Deepak Regmi ◽

Rachana Baidhya ◽

Ashik Rajak ◽

Sangita Shrestha ◽

Meera Bista

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Neck Surgery ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Head And Neck Surgery ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Eagle’S Syndrome ◽

Cross Sectional

Introduction: Eagle’s syndrome is a poorly understood clinical entity that has variable presentations like recurrent throat pain or foreign body sensation, dysphagia, or facial pain. With a confirmed diagnosis, a surgical approach is considered appropriate for its treatment. This study aims to find out the prevalence of trans-oral extra tonsillar approach of styloidectomy among the operated cases of Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,475 who underwent surgery at the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery in a tertiary care center of Nepal between July 2018 to September 2020 after receiving the ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee (Reference number: 0106201802). Convenience sampling was done and data was entered in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20. Point estimate at 95% confidence interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Among 1,475 patients enrolled in the study, 24 (1.62%) patients (95% Confidence Interval= 0.97-2.26) underwent trans-oral extra tonsillar approach of surgery for Eagle’s syndrome during the study duration. Conclusions: The prevalence of styloidectomy among the operated cases of our study is low in comparison to other studies done in similar settings. Transoral extra tonsillar approach can be considered as a novel approach for surgical removal of the styloid process in Eagle’s Syndrome.

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A study on the immunisation status and the factors responsible for incomplete immunization amongst children of age group 0-12 months coming to a tertiary care hospital (IGIMS)

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183969 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (10) ◽

pp. 4331

Author(s):

Shivani Sinha ◽

Sanjay Kumar ◽

Sanjay Kumar Chaudhary ◽

Setu Sinha ◽

Varsha Singh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Childhood Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Organization

Background: Vaccines are safe, simple and one of the most cost-effective way to save and improve the lives of children. The World Health Organization launched the Global Programme of Immunization in 1974 and Government of India launched the same in India on 1st January, 1978, with a view to provide protection to the children against disease and to reduce infant mortality rate.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was carried out in the immunization clinic of a tertiary care hospital (IGIMS) of Patna district. The study unit were children of age group 0 to 12 months attending the immunisation clinic of IGIMS Patna. The study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2017, for a period of 12 months.Results: About 40% of children were fully immunized, about 73.3% were having immunization card.Conclusions: Immunizations is one of the biggest public health achievements of the last century, saving millions of lives and preventing illness and lifelong disability in millions more. Many childhood diseases which is now preventable by vaccines often resulted in hospitalization, death or lifelong consequences only a few decades ago. Without immunizations, serious outbreaks of many of the diseases we are now protected from can reoccur. There is a need to create awareness regarding the importance of vaccination, as well as the consequences of partial immunization, parents views must also be taken into consideration when the programme is planned, especially those with a lower educational level.

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STUDY OF MEAN PLATELET VOLUME IN ISCHEMIC STROKE

10.36106/ijsr/9501930 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 51-52

Author(s):

Pawan Kumar ◽

Khushboo Agarwal ◽

Ravi Kumar Bansal

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Mean Platelet Volume ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Platelet Volume ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Severe Stroke ◽

Medical College

Background: Mean platelet volume, as well as platelet count, are an index of haemostasis and its dysfunction i.e. thrombosis. Aim of this study is to investigate the association between mean platelet volume (MPV) & acute ischemic stroke. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 200 patients admitted to the emergency & general opd (medicine & pediatric) of a tertiary care hospital in JLN Medical College Ajmer from Aug jan 2020 to Nov 2020. The data were evaluated according to MPV levels, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores. The patients were divided into groups based on MPV level ≤7.5, 7.6-10.0,10.1-12.5,≥12.6. Results: In our study, a signicant association was found between severity of stroke (according to NIHSS criteria) and MPV in male and female populations (p<0.0001 and p<0.0001 respectively). A signicant difference was found between MPV values of all 3 categories ie patients of severe stroke had higher value of MPV than those of mild and moderate stroke and patients of moderate stroke had higher values than those of mild stroke. Conclusion: This is a simple and cost effective test which can be easily done at any primary care centre and can serve as a useful marker to differentiate ischemic stroke from hemorrhagic stroke.

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Determinants of factors affecting vaccination status of under-five children attending immunoprophylaxis clinic in a tertiary care hospital in central India

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20214584 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 5885

Author(s):

Ashok R. Jadhao ◽

Hemalatha Murari

Keyword(s):

Birth Order ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Child Survival ◽

Central India ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Under Five

Background: Immunization is a key to child survival. Immunization is one of the foremost effective and cost-effective ways to protect children’s lives and futures. Despite clear evidence that vaccines save lives and control disease, millions of young children around the world are missing out, putting them and their communities at risk of disease and deadly outbreaks. This is unacceptable in the present era, where affordable, lifesaving vaccines exist. This study aims to study factors influencing timeliness of vaccination and to assess reasons for delay in immunization.Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted among mother/caretaker and children (under five years age) attending immunoprophylaxis clinic at a tertiary health care hospital in central India. Total 171 study subjects accompanied by mother/caretaker are included in the study. Analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0. Chi square test and Fischer’s exact test were used to find the association between characteristics of study subjects and obstetric variables with delayed vaccination.Results: Delayed Vaccination is present in 119 (69.6%) of study subjects. Among the reasons for delayed vaccination, majority were parent related reasons which was present among 84 (70.5%) of study subjects. The association of higher birth order with delayed vaccination was found to be statistically significant.Conclusions: The overall delayed vaccination was present in 69.6% of children and high birth order (3 or more) has a significant association with delayed immunization.

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A study to assess the practices of mothers of under-five children in childhood diarrhoea in a tertiary care hospital of Northeast India

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20192764 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 1614

Author(s):

Nilratan Majumder ◽

Dipak Kumar Dhar

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northeast India ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children ◽

Care Giving

Background: Diarrhoea is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in under-five children. The incidence of diarrhoea has remained almost unchanged over the past few decades. A mother is the primary care-giver of a child. Therefore, one of the key factors that determine the survival of a sick-child is her attitude and practices in the event of diarrhoea. The present study was therefore undertaken to understand the different aspects of their care-giving behaviour.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Paediatrics, Agartala Government Medical College and G. B. Pant Hospital, Agartala, Tripura, India over a period of two months. 700 mothers of under-five children attending the OPD were interviewed with a pre-designed and structured interview schedule.Results: The usage of ORS was about one-fourth. And only one-fifth out of all the participating mothers could show how to prepare ORS solution correctly. Correct practices regarding various aspects of administering ORS solution like duration of usage, frequency of administering, duration of the therapy, etc were not observed in majority of the participating mothers. A preference for home-made fluids was also noted in most of the participants. Educational level and past experience of managing a child with diarrhoea significantly affected their practices.Conclusions: Even though ORS is widely and easily available, easy to use and cost-effective, considerable work needs to be done in the context of adequate practices in its administration to a child affected by diarrhoea and increase its acceptability.

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