scholarly journals Effect of Water Management Practices on Rice Yield, Water Productivity and Water Savings under Irrigated Rice Paddy Ecosystem

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
SC Barman ◽  
MA Ali ◽  
HJ Hiya ◽  
KR Sarker ◽  
MA Sattar
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Water Savings ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
Irrigation Treatments

A field experiment was carried out during the Boro season 2013 to find out the effects of water management practices on rice yield performance and water productivity index at Old Brahmaputra flood plain paddy land, Muktagacha, Mymensingh. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with six (6) irrigation treatments. Two treatments, T1 and T3 were kept under continuous standing water levels (10 cm and 5 cm respectively) while in treatment T5 irrigation water was supplied for 1st 3 weeks then followed mid season drain out and re-flooded at flowering stage. Three alternate wetting and drying irrigation treatments, T2, T4 and T6 were selected in which irrigation water was applied when water level dropped 20cm, 10cm and 15cm below ground level, respectively. All the irrigation treatments significantly affected the rice yield and yield contributing parameters. The study revealed that the highest grain yield (5950 kg ha-1) was found in treatment T5 which was identical with AWDI treatment T4 (5820 kg ha-1) followed by AWDI treatment T6 (5460 kg ha-1). On the contrary, rice yield of 3350 kg ha-1, 4470 kg ha-1 and 4810 kg ha-1 were found in the treatment T1, T2 and T3, respectively. It was found that AWDI treatment T2 showed maximum water savings (15.1%) followed by T6 (11.3%), T4 (7.59%) and T5 (3.8%), however rice yield in the treatment T2 (4470 kg ha-1) was significantly lower compared to T6, T4 and T5 treatment. Therefore, it may be inferred that treatment T4 (AWDI; irrigation when water level fell 10 cm from ground level), T5 (Irrigation for 1st 3 weeks, then mid-season drain out and re-flooding at flowering) and T6 (AWDI; irrigation when water level fell 15cm from ground level) would be the feasible choice for the water savings, higher rice yield as well as maximum water productivity index (0.478, 0.472 and 0.467, respectively) for sustaining rice farming during the dry Boro season in Bangladesh.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 9(2): 79-84 2016

scholarly journals Water and Fertilizer Productivity in Dry Season Irrigated Rice at Farmer’s Field

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 64-74
Author(s):  
M Maniruzzaman ◽  
JC Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Fertilizer Management ◽  
Irrigated Rice ◽  
Water Treatments

Two on-farm experiments were conducted during dry seasons, 2001-04 at Kurigram and Pirgonj in Thakurgaon districts to select the best water management practices and to find out the suitable and economically viable combination of irrigation scheduling and fertilizer dose for maximizing irrigated rice yield. In alternate irrigation at saturation (AIS) treatment, about 28% water was saved compared to continuous flooding (CF), but it was needed to apply water frequently. However, alternate wetting and drying (AWD) method saved 31% and 39% water in Kurigram and Pirgonj, respectively compared to CF. In both the sites, there was no significant yield difference among the water treatments, though the applied water varied from 836-1046 mm in Kurigram and 802-1092 mm in Pirgonj. The water productivity in Kurigram ranged from 0.62 to 0.89 kg m-3, whereas in Pirgonj it varied from 0.54 to 0.75 kg m-3. Besides, AWD had the highest water productivity irrespective of locations and farmer can follow AWD practices for achieving competitive rice yield with reduced irrigation cost. The soil test based (STB) fertilizer management gave the highest grain yield followed by BRRI recommend dose irrespective of water managements. About 33-35% less amount of water was required in AWD compared to farmer’s practice (FP) in both the sites having 0.5-1.0 t ha-1 yield advantage. In both the locations, the water productivity was the highest with STB fertilizer in combination with AWD water management which required additional fertilizer cost of Tk. 2800 ha-1, but resulted in added benefit of Tk. 8400 ha-1 compared to FP. In STB fertilizer treatment, nutrient uptake was more compared to BRRI recommendation and FP. It was concluded from the study that AWD water management practice was the best option for water saving and improving water productivity. The combination of AWD with STB fertilizer management is suitable for maximum return from rice cultivation in light textured soils.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v17i1-2.20902Bangladesh Rice j. 2013, 17(1&2): 64-74

scholarly journals Study on Physiological Parameters and Economics of Rice Cultivation under Different Establishment Methods and Water Management Practices

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
S. Selvakumar ◽  
S. Sakthivel ◽  
Akihiko Kamoshita ◽  
R. Babu ◽  
S. Thiyageshwari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Physiological Parameters

A field experiment was conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India, during summer 2019 to study about the changes in physiological parameters of rice under various establishment and water management strategies and to find out the suitable method of rice establishment and irrigation management practices for tank irrigated command areas during water scarcity situation. Field experiment comprised of four establishment methods in combination with four irrigation management strategies. Medium duration fine grain rice variety TKM 13 was used for the study. Results of the study revealed that machine transplanting under unpuddled soil combined with irrigation after formation of hairline crack recorded improved physiological parameters and yield. It was on par with machine transplanting under unpuddled soil combined with irrigation when water level reaches 5 cm below soil surface. Higher gross return, net return and B:C ratio were observed with machine transplanting under unpuddled soil combined with irrigation after formation of hairline crack. This was followed by machine transplanting under unpuddled soil combined with irrigation when water level reaches 5 cm below soil. Hence, the result of study concluded that machine transplanting under unpuddled soil combined with irrigation when water level reaches 5 cm below soil surface can be recommended as the suitable technology for the farmers of tank irrigated command area to get higher return with minimum use of resources under water scarcity situation.

scholarly journals Refinement of Alternate Wetting and Drying Irrigation Method for Rice Cultivation

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Lal Chandra Paul ◽  
MA Rashid ◽  
Mousumi Paul
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Wetting And Drying ◽  
Alternate Wetting And Drying ◽  
Below Ground

Experiments were conducted at BRRI farm Gazipur during Boro season 2010-12 to determine maximum depth of water level below ground surface in alternate wetting and drying (AWD) method. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four irrigation treatments. The treatments of AWD method were: T1 = continuous standing water, T2 = irrigation when water level reached 15 cm below ground level, T3 = irrigation when water level reached 20 cm below ground level and T4 = irrigation when water level reached 50 cm below ground level. The experiment involved BRRI dhan28 as a test crop. The treatment T2 gave the highest grain yield (5.9 and 6.2 ton/ha) in 2010-11 and 2011-12, respectively. Maximum benefits per hectare were found Tk. 5476 and 4931 for using 807 and 880 mm water during 2010-11 and 2011-12 respectively and thus water productivity was 7.1 kg/ha-mm in T2 for both the seasons. Continuous standing (T1) water (1013 and 1100 mm) gave comparable grain yield 5.7 and 6.0 ton/ha in 2010-11 and 2011-12, respectively. Minimum water productivity was found in treatment T1 (5.6 and 5.4 kg/ha-mm) for both the seasons. Application of irrigation when water was 15 cm below soil surface was found most profitable in AWD system and the grain yield was decreased when water level was below 15 cm depth. Therefore, the recommended AWD technology could increase rice yield and save irrigation water by 25-30 percent.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v17i1-2.20899Bangladesh Rice j. 2013, 17(1&2): 33-37

Efficacy of reduced-rate herbicide combinations in dry-seeded rice (Oryza sativa) on alluvial clay soil

Weed Science ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Economic Return ◽  
Reduced Rate ◽  
Alluvial Clay

Research was conducted from 1993 through 1995 to evaluate barnyardgrass control, rice yield, and estimated economic return with POST applications of propanil or propanil + molinate applied alone or with quinclorac. Herbicides were applied under a variety of water management practices and environmental conditions at rates ranging from 1.1 to 3.4, 1.7 to 5.6, and 0.17 to 0.40 kg ai ha−1for propanil, propanil + molinate, and quinclorac, respectively. Reduced-rate combinations of propanil or propanil + molinate with reduced rates of quinclorac controlled small, actively growing barnyardgrass and provided yields and estimated economic returns similar to combinations of these herbicides at higher rates when irrigated. When herbicides were applied to larger barnyardgrass, propanil + molinate at 5.6 kg ha−1was more effective than propanil at 3.4 kg ha−1or quinclorac at 0.40 kg ha−1applied alone. Propanil + molinate applied with quinclorac at 0.28 or 0.40 kg ha−1controlled barnyardgrass more effectively and provided higher yields and greater estimated economic returns than propanil at 3.4 kg ha−1, propanil + molinate at 5.6 kg ha−1, quinclorac at 0.17, 0.28, or 0.40 kg ha−1, or combinations of propanil and quinclorac.

scholarly journals Flood threat to the territories below the water dam in conditions of occurrence of extreme hydrological phenomena

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
Marek Madeyski ◽  
Bogusław Michalec ◽  
Marek Tarnawski
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Discharge Flow ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
The Difference

Flood threat to the territories below the water dam in conditions of occurrence of extreme hydrological phenomena The course of the flood in July 2001 and passage of the freshet wave through the water reservoir Chańcza on the Czarna Staszowska River was analyzed. Culmination of this wave equaling 418.62 m3·s-1 was two times higher than the estimated flow of 1% probability for what the reservoir was designed. Water management during the flood forced a higher than forecast water discharge during culmination. The paper aims at determination of water level situation on the territory at maximum water discharge from the reservoir during the flood equaling 122.75 m3·s-1 and showing possibilities of flood threat reduction. The range of the inundation zone at this discharge flow on the territory below the dam at the length of 3 km was determined taking into regard the influence of vegetation in the valley and in the zone adjacent the channel and bridge. The cause of inundation of the valley on the studied river sector is a rather low channel capacity equaling from 20-60 m3·s-1. It was found that the bridge does not influence the leveling of the analyzed flow and the reserve in the bridge light, determined as the difference of ordinate of the underlay of the span beam and ordinate of the water level under the bridge 0.92 m. Calculations of the channel capacity were also carried out in the case of renovation treatments consisting in removing stiff and soft vegetation and decrease in the inundation range of the valley was demonstrated.

scholarly journals Conjunctive effect of water productivity and cultivation pattern on agricultural water management

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1515-1523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Mahsafar ◽  
Mohsen Najarchi ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Najafizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Mirhoseini Hezaveh
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Full Irrigation ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Irrigation Network ◽  
Agricultural Water Management

Abstract Agricultural water resources are scarce in Iran, and agricultural water management is essential to overcome this limitation. Determination of the water productivity index (WP) using the methods of optimization of cropping patterns and optimal water allocation is the most effective tool in water management in the agricultural sector. In this study, a non-linear optimization model was used to calculate the maximum WP in the Qazvin plain irrigation network. The proposed model was applied to six different water supply scenarios including 100% and 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, and 50% of full irrigation volume. The results showed that the scenario of 60% of full irrigation could increase the WP index by 8.5%, while with the implementation of this scenario, the net benefit from the sale of agricultural products was reduced to the amount of 247 × 109 Iranian Rials (IRR), which was 28% less than the existing conditions in the region. Therefore, the 60% water supply was selected as the economical and efficient scenario in the irrigation of Qazvin plain. It can be claimed that the most important index in agricultural water management is the WP index.

scholarly journals ENHANCING WATER AND FERTILIZER SAVING WITHOUT COMPROMISING RICE YIELD THROUGH INTEGRATED CROP MANAGEMENT

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
I.P. Wardana ◽  
A. Gania ◽  
S. Abdulrachman ◽  
P.S. Bindraban ◽  
H. Van Keulen
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
Integrated Crop Management

<p>Water and fertilizer scarcity amid the increasing need of rice</p> <p>production challenges today’s agriculture. Integrated crop management</p> <p>(ICM) is a combination of water, crop, and nutrient</p> <p>management that optimizes the synergistic interaction of these</p> <p>components aiming at improving resource use efficiency, i.e.</p> <p>high productivity of water, land, and labor. The objectives of</p> <p>the study were to investigate the effects of crop establishment</p> <p>method, organic matter amendment, NPK management, and</p> <p>water management on yield of lowland rice. Five series of</p> <p>experiments were conducted at Sukamandi and Kuningan</p> <p>Experimental Stations, West Java. The first experiment was</p> <p>focused on crop establishment method, i.e. plant spacing and</p> <p>number of seedlings per hill. The second, third, and fourth</p> <p>experiments were directed to study the effect of NPK and</p> <p>organic matter applications on rice yield. The fifth experiments</p> <p>was designed to evaluate the effect of water management on rice</p> <p>yield. Results showed that 20 cm x 20 cm plant spacing resulted</p> <p>in the highest grain yield for the new plant type rice varieties.</p> <p>Organic matter and P fertilizer application did not significantly</p> <p>affect grain yield, but the yield response to P fertilization</p> <p>tended to be stronger with organic matter amendment. Split P</p> <p>application did not significantly increase grain yield. The use</p> <p>of a scale 4 leaf color chart reading resulted in a considerable N</p> <p>fertilizer saving without compromising rice yield. Intermittent</p> <p>irrigation technique saved water up to 55% without affecting</p> <p>yields, resulting in a 2-3 times higher water productivity.</p>

scholarly journals Development of Irrigation Regime of Limited and Unlimited Water Supply for Satisfactory Rice Yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Dillip Kumar Swain ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
High Water ◽  
Staple Food ◽  
Irrigation Regime ◽  
Different Levels

Rice is the staple food for majority of the population worldwide and is a water-consuming crop. Decreasing water availability due to climate change necessitates the development of water saving rice production technology. The objective of this study was to develop water management strategies for two contrast scenarios of water availability for improvement of rice yield with high water productivity. A pot experiment using different levels of water percentages for water management treatments in rice was conducted inside a greenhouse during the wet

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