Pulse oximetry and clinical changes during electrosurgery in dogs anaesthetized with Xylazine-Thiopentone and Xylazine-Ketamine combinations

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
Mohammad Raguib Munif ◽  
Md Mahmudul Alam ◽  
Md Rafiqul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Blood Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Clinical Changes

This study was performed to explore the pulse oximetric evaluation of cardio-respiratory systems along with the determination of body temperature in dogs anaesthetized with xylazine-thiopentone (X-T) and xylazine-ketamine (X-K) combinations during electrosurgery. Six apparently healthy dogs weighed 20 to 25 kg undergoing electrosurgery (bipolar), were divided into two groups: group A (X-T) and group B (X-K). In group A (n=3), dogs were anaesthetized with xylazine @ 1.1 mg/kg body weight (BW) as intramuscular (IM) and thiopentone @ 20 mg/kg BW as intravenous (IV) injections, and in group B (n=3), dogs were anaesthetized with xylazine @ 1.1mg/kg BW IM and ketamine @ 5.5 mg/kg BW IM after premedication with atropine sulphate @ 0.05 mg/kg BW IM. Bipolar electrosurgery for gastrotomy or castration was performed in the dogs. Pulse oximetric monitoring and the evaluation of clinical changes: heart rate, respiratory rate and peripheral blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) were done along with the determination of body temperature before the induction of anaesthesia (control) and thereafter on 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 minutes postinduction in both groups during electrosurgery. Temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate were altered significantly (P<0.05) during the experimental period in both groups as compared to the control values. SpO2 was decreased significantly (P<0.05) throughout the experiment and returned to the level of initial control value after complete recovery in both groups. These findings revealed that during electrosurgery in dogs the anaesthetic combinations of X-T and X-K exert certain clinical changes in the vital signs (body temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate) and SpO2 which should be carefully considered to take necessary steps for perioperative patient’s safety and recovery. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.7(1): 97-105, April 2020

scholarly journals Comparison of outcome of salbutamol alone and salbutamol in combination with ipratropium bromide in acute asthma in children.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (06) ◽  
pp. 1103-1107
Author(s):  
Saima Jabeen Joiya ◽  
Muhammad Azam Khan ◽  
Farhan ul Haq ◽  
Zahid Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Ipratropium Bromide ◽  
Acute Asthma ◽  
Accessory Muscle ◽  
Group A ◽  
Asthma In Children ◽  
Group B ◽  
Mean Heart Rate

Objectives: Asthma affects about 15% of children while it is one of the commonest reason for admissions in pediatric emergencies and wards. We aimed this study to determine outcome of Salbutamol alone and salbutamol in combination with Ipratropium Bromide in acute asthma in children. Study Design: Randomized Controlled trial (RCT). Setting: Unit-II Department of Pediatric Medicine, Nishtar Medical College and Hospital, Multan. Period: 20th Nov 2017 to 30th June 2018. Material & Methods: The study consisted of 104 children, with 52 children each in Group ‘A’ and ‘B’ who were subjected to salbutamol alone and salbutamol in combination with Ipratropium bromide respectively. In both groups oxygen was administered via nasal prongs at a flow rate of 3L/minute. These children was monitored at 30 minutes interval for 2 hours (least value out of these 4 values was taken). Both groups were compared for outcome in terms of mean heart rate, respiratory rate, accessory muscle score, peak expiratory flow rate (PERF) percentage and SPO2. Results: Of these 104 study cases, 61 (58.7%) were boys while 43 (41.3%) were girls. Mean age of our study cases was noted to be 9.92 ± 3.01 years. Mild level of asthma severity was noted in 35 (33.7%) and moderate severity in 69 (66.3%). Mean heart rate in group A was noted to be 119.40 ± 12.22 and in group was 119.29 ± 8.51 beats per minute. (p=0.956). Mean respiratory rate in group A was 29.98 ± 4.00 while in group B was 27.88 ± 3.85 (p=0.000). Mean accessory muscle score in group  A was 0.537 ± 0.336 while in group B was 0.130 ± 0.030 (p = 0.000). Mean PEFR percentage in group A was 68.69 ± 18.64 while in group B was 87.12 ± 17.10 (p = 0.000). Mean SPO2 in group A was 96.15 ± 1.05 while it was 95.94 ± 1.29 (p = 0.362). Conclusion: Our study results have shown that nebulization of salbutamol in combination with Ipratropium Bromide is more effective in the management of children with acute asthma. It was safe, effective and reliable as there was no adverse side effect noted in our study. We recommend the use of this combination nebulization therapy in children with acute asthma.

scholarly journals Effect of Vertebral Pressure Technique and Intercostal Stretch Technique on Respiratory Rate, Tidal Volume, SpO2 and Heart Rate among Organophosphorus Poisoning Patients: An Experimental Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 265-271
Author(s):  
Abhinav Salve ◽  
Sachin Maghade ◽  
Sneha Katke
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Mechanical Ventilator ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation ◽  
Organophosphorus Poisoning ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Respiratory PNF technique is a proprioceptive and tactile stimulus that alters the depth and rate of breathing. Intercostal stretch enhances the chest wall elevation and increase chest expansion and diaphragm excursion to improve intra-thoracic lung volume which contributes to improvement in flow rate percentage. Vertebral pressure is another respiratory PNF where there is increased epigastric abdominal excursion over T2-T4. Objective: To find out the effect of Vertebral pressure and Intercostal stretch technique on respiratory rate, tidal volume, SpO2 & heart rate among organophosphorus poisoning patients Method: Data was collected from 24 ICU patients who were on mechanical ventilator. Subjects were divided in two groups. Intercostal stretch technique was given to group A and vertebral pressure technique was given to group B, changes HR, RR, SpO2, tidal volume was noted and data analysis was done. Result: There was significant difference between pre intervention and post intervention readings for both the groups A and B at heart rate, respiratory rate, SpO2 and tidal volume related (p<0.001). It thus proved that respiratory stimulation improves TV, Decrease in RR and HR and increase in SpO2 for both groups. Conclusion: Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation techniques are effective in improving HR, RR, lung capacity and Oxygen saturation in patients with OP poisoning. There was significant difference between pre intervention and post intervention readings for both the groups A and B at heart rate, respiratory rate, SpO2 and tidal volume. Key words: Organophosphorus poisoning, Mechanical ventilator, intercostal stretch, Vertebral pressure, Respiratory PNF.

scholarly journals Effects of Three Anesthesia Drug Combinations in Miniature Pigs.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingqing Kou ◽  
Xiaolong Chen ◽  
Minggang Huang ◽  
Kai Lu
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Miniature Pigs ◽  
Maintenance Time ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background To compare the effects of three anesthesia drug combinations in miniature pigs. Methods Guizhou miniature pigs （15 male, 15 female, 22-24 months）were randomly divided into three groups (n=10, 5 male, 5 female) and anesthetized intramuscularly (neck) with sumianxin Ⅱ (0.1 ml/kg) and 3% pentobarbital (0.8 ml/kg; Group A); ketamine (10 mg/kg) and 3% pentobarbital (0.8 ml/kg; Group B); or ketamine (10 mg/kg) combined with sumianxin II (0.1 ml/kg; Group C). Induction time, maintenance time, recovery time, and mortality were recorded. Heart rate, respiration, mean arterial pressure, and body temperature were analyzed pre-anesthesia (T0), after induction (T1), 30 min after operation (T2), 60 min after operation (T3), and at the end of anesthesia (resuscitation, T4). Results There were no significant differences in body weight, length, or experimental period between animals in the three treatment groups. The induction times of groups B and C (2-3 min) were significantly shorter than that of group A (7.4±1.1 min). The maintenance time of group B (136±11.4 min) was significantly different from those of groups A and C. The recovery time of group C was 4±1.0 min, compared with 9±0.6 min in group A and 10±1.5 min in group B. In group A, five pigs had adverse reactions (nausea and vomiting), and one pig died. All animals in group B had adverse reactions, and one pig died. The pigs in group C did not experience adverse reactions. The heart rates and respiration of the animals in group C were decreased at T2 and T3 compared with those of group A and B; there were no differences in heart rate and respiration between groups A and B. There were no differences in body temperature or mean arterial pressure of the pigs in the three treatment groups.Conclusions Intramuscular injection of ketamine combined with sumianxin Ⅱ is a suitable anesthesia therapy in miniature pigs because of short induction and recovery times, long maintenance time, and effectiveness.

scholarly journals Audit on the Management of Bronchiolitis: A Single Centre Real World Experience in Bangladesh Can We do Better ?

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzana Hamid ◽  
Syed Moosa MA Quaium ◽  
Azizur Rahman ◽  
AT Reza Ahmad ◽  
Shahariar Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
P Value ◽  
Supportive Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Group B

Background: Bronchiolitis is the most common reason for hospitalization of children in many countries.Though Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is the most common organism causing bronchiolitis, but antibiotics are used widely.So the aim of the present study is to establish whether antibiotic has any role in bronchiolitis management along with supportive treatment. Methods:This retrospective study included 100 infants and children between 2-24 months of age admitted with clear cut sign symptoms of bronchiolitis. Patients were divided into Group A (supportive + antibiotic Rx) comprised 72 patients and group B (supportive Rx only) comprised 28 patients.After 3-5 days of hospital stay, clinical responses were evaluated in terms of improvement in symptoms and clinical parameters- respiratory rate, heart rate and oxygen saturation. Results: Mean age of patients was 6.6 (±5.6) months in Group A and 6.3 (±4.8) months in Group B. Most of the patients in both study groups were male (M: F=1.6:1). All the cases in both groups presented with cough, running nose, and respiratory distress. Fever and feeding difficulty were present in 83.3% & 90.3% in Group A and 82.1% & 89.3% in Group B respectively. Majority of cases were from lower socioeconomic status and lived in urban area. In Group A, after therapy mean respiratory rate 53.7 (±4.3) and oxygen saturation 97.9 (±1.9) had significantly improved in comparison to respiratory rate 65.6 (±4.8) and oxygen saturation 89.7 (±4.4) before therapy (p=<.001 in all parameter). Heart rate also significantly increased after therapy (149.4 ±10.2 versus 104.5 ±8.7) (p=<.001). In Group B, after therapy mean respiratory rate 53.5 (±4.1) and oxygen saturation 97.8 (±1.7) had also significantly improved in comparison to respiratory rate 65.3 (±4.1) and oxygen saturation 88.8 (±2.8) before therapy (p=<.001 in all parameter). Heart rate also significantly increased after therapy (150.8 ±9.8 versus 105.0 ±6.2) (p=<.001). In comparison between two modalities of treatment, no significant difference was found (p value=>.05 in all parameters). No statistical significant difference was observed in the length of hospital stay in two groups. Conclusion: The study highlighted the importance of supportive treatment in bronchiolitis management. Antibiotics should not be used without clinical and laboratory evidence of bacterial infection. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v14i1.22871 Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.14 (1); Jan 2015; Page 6-10

scholarly journals Nebulized epinephrine versus salbutamol for the management of children presenting with bronchiolitis: Single Center Study.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 2719-2728
Author(s):  
Ana Farooq ◽  
Tehmina Maqbool ◽  
Samia Aslam ◽  
Mydah Tariq ◽  
Muhammad Alam Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Assessment Index ◽  
Single Center Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Nebulized Epinephrine

Objectives: To compare the outcome of nebulized epinephrine versus salbutamol for the management of children presenting with bronchiolitis. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Department of Pediatrics, Federal Government Polyclinic Hospital, Islamabad. Period: 6 month (1st October, 2016 to 1st April, 2017). Material & Methods: Children fulfilled selection criteria were enrolled. Then patients were randomly divided in two groups by using lottery method. In Group A, children received salbutamol. In group B, children received nebulized adrenaline. After 48 hours, children were evaluated for heart rate, respiratory rates, oxygen saturation and Respiratory Distress Assessment Index (RDAI) score. All the information was collected using proforma. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: The mean age of children was 10.45±6.70 months in epinephrine group and13.07±6.28 months in salbutamol group. There were 29 (52.7%) males & 26 (47.3%) females in both groups. After 48 hours, mean heart rate was 122.58±4.75bpm with epinephrine while 127.87±4.4.44bpm with salbutamol. Mean respiratory rate was 35.16±3.29bpm with epinephrine while 39.84±3.32bpm with salbutamol. Mean RDAI score was 8.35±1.36 with epinephrine while 10.07±1.37 with salbutamol. Mean oxygen saturation was 85.24±2.74% with epinephrine while 80.38±3.26% with salbutamol. The difference was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Thus the nebulized epinephrine was found to be more effective in maintaining heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation and RDAI score of children as compared to salbutamol.

scholarly journals Holter electrocardiography in dogs showing doxorubicin-induced dilated cardiomyopathy

2006 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 1037-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.B. Pereira Neto ◽  
J.N.B. Andrade ◽  
M.G. Sousa ◽  
A.A. Camacho
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Holter Monitoring ◽  
Ventricular Volume ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Group A ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
Group B

Early identification of arrhythmias in dogs showing doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy was studied. Ten healthy dogs were assigned to groups A (n=5) and B (n=5). Dogs from group B were given doxorubicin 30mg/m² intravenously, every 21 days, until a cumulative dose of 180mg/m² or 240mg/m² was reached. Dogs from group A (used as control) were administered saline intravenously at the same group B intervals. As soon as myocardium dysfunction was observed in dogs from group B, determined by a shortening fraction below 20%, increased E-point to septal separation above 0.7cm, and increased end-systolic left ventricular volume index (61.4ml/m²), a 24-hour Holter was recorded in all dogs from both groups. There was an increase of minimum heart rate (44.6%) and mean heart rate (41.7%) in animals from group B in comparison with the control animals. Either supraventricular or ventricular arrhythmias were observed, despite group B dogs showed higher occurrence of supraventricular arrhytmias. Holter monitoring is efficient in early determination of heart rate and cardiac rhythm alterations in dogs showing doxorubicin-induced myocardial dysfunction.

scholarly journals The new trending pain-free cesarean section: TAP block versus IV PCA

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sondos M. Salem ◽  
Mazen Abdel-Rasheed ◽  
Mohammad A. Gouda ◽  
Sameh Salama
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Intestinal Motility ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Tap Block ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background Women's pain satisfaction post-cesarean section remains a challenge. Accurate assessment of pain severity of post-cesarean section helps to choose the most appropriate anesthetic approach, drug, and dose, as well as improvement of treatment of postoperative pain. Our objective was to compare the efficacy of ultrasound-assisted transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block versus IV patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) in the first 24 h postoperative in women who underwent cesarean section. The primary outcome was postoperative pain at 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 h. The secondary outcomes were intestinal mobility, early mobilization, nausea, vomiting, heart rate, and respiratory rate. Results A cross-sectional study has been conducted on 70 women who are planned for elective cesarean section. They were divided into 2 groups; “group A” (n = 35), women who received TAP block, and “group B” (n = 35), those who received PCA. Pain score, heart rate, respiratory rate, intestinal motility, nausea, and vomiting have been assessed 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 h postoperatively. The degree of pain was significantly lower in “group B” than in “group A” in all time intervals (p < 0.001). Heart rate was significantly higher in women in “group B” compared to those in “group A” only at 2 and 4 h postoperative (p < 0.001). Nausea and vomiting were also significantly higher in women in “group B” compared to those in “group A” (p value 0.03 and 0.04, respectively). Regarding intestinal motility, it was audible in “group A” earlier than in “group B.” Conclusions Both TAP block and PCA are effective in postoperative pain relief after cesarean section; however, PCA is more superior, especially for visceral pain. Nevertheless, TAP block has the privilege of avoiding systemic action of opioids used in PCA. PCA can easily be applied while TAP block needs more training and an intraoperative ultrasound machine. Complications and side effects of both were minimal when adjusting the doses.

Does body position, age, and heart rate induce IOP’s changes?

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110233
Author(s):  
Marcelina Sobczak ◽  
Magdalena Asejczyk ◽  
Malwina Geniusz
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cardiovascular Parameters ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Effect Of Age

Objectives: The main goal of this research was to determine the differences between the values of intraocular pressure (IOP) in the supine and sitting positions, and to assess the effect of age and cardiovascular parameters. Methods: Seventy-two healthy adults were enrolled and classified into age groups: 20–30 years (group A), 31–40 years (group B), and 41–71 years (group C). Corneal biometry and cardiovascular parameters, such as heart rate (HR), were measured. IOP measurements were taken in the sitting position (IOPS) and in the supine position (IOPL) using the iCare® Pro tonometer. Results: A significant difference between the IOPS and IOPL in the entire cohort was found ( p < 0.001). Regarding the age subgroups, a significant difference ( p < 0.001) between the IOPS and IOPL was obtained in group A (2.6 ± 1.6 mmHg) and group C (1.5 ± 1.3 mmHg). There were no significant differences in the IOPS between groups. The highest IOP values were obtained for group A. The correlations between HR and IOPS are statistically significant for group A and group B, and for HR and IOPL-S for group B only. Multivariate analysis showed that HR has a significant influence on the difference in IOP in the two body positions. Conclusion: A statistically significant difference between the effect of age and the values of IOPS and IOPL was shown. Cardiovascular parameters showed some relevant statistical dependencies, but with a rather marginal significance in young people. The influence of body position for the measurement of IOP for healthy subjects does not seem to matter, despite the fact that there are some dependencies that are statistically significant.

scholarly journals Hematological Features in Sheep with IgG and IgM Antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Labrini V. Athanasiou ◽  
Victoria M. Spanou ◽  
Eleni G. Katsogiannou ◽  
Panagiotis D. Katsoulos
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D ◽  
Immunofluorescence Antibody

Exposure of sheep to Borreliaburgdorferi sensulato (s.I.) complex, the causative agent of Lyme borreliosis (LB), has been reported in tick-abundant areas worldwide, while no data have been reported in Greece. The aim of the study was to identify the hematological alterations in sheep with seropositivity against Borrelia burgdorferi (s.I.). Blood samples were obtained from 318 tick infested sheep for blood analysis and serological determination of IgG and IgM antibodies against B. burgdorferi by indirect immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) assay after exclusion of endo-ectoparasites and other tick-borne infections. A total number of 162 sheep met the inclusion criteria, allocated in four groups based on the presence or absence of IgG and/or IgM; sheep found negative for IgM and IgG (Group A), positive for IgM (Group B), positive for both IgM and IgG (Group C) and positive for IgG (Group D). Anemia, thrombocytopenia and normal or decreased leukocyte count, mainly due to lymphopenia were the main hematological features observed in seropositive sheep. The presence of these features raises the suspicion of Borrelia infection in tick infested sheep. The seropositivity of 23.58% in sheep raises concerns of Borrelia circulation, especially in rural areas and potential risk of transmission to humans.

scholarly journals Systemic inflammatory response indicators in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) experimentally infected with sporulated oocysts of Eimeria stiedai (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fagner Luiz da Costa Freitas ◽  
Beatriz Lie Yamamoto ◽  
Wagner Luiz da Costa Freitas ◽  
Jose Jurandir Fagliari ◽  
Katyane de Sousa Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Group A ◽  
Eimeria Stiedai ◽  
Group B

Hemograms and acute-phase proteins in adult male New Zealand White rabbits that had been experimentally infected orally with sporulated oocysts of Eimeria stiedai were evaluated over a 28-day period. Fifty animals were used, divided into two groups: group A infected with 1 × 10(4) sporulated oocysts of E. stiedai and group B inoculated with distilled water. On the seventh day after infection, the infected animals presented anemia and leukocytosis with neutrophilia and monocytosis. Protein fractionation by means of electrophoresis identified 19 acute-phase proteins with molecular weights ranging from 24 to 238 kD. Ceruloplasmin, transferrin and haptoglobin showed high levels on the seventh day after infection, with gradual increases in their concentrations until the end of the experimental period. Thus, from the data of the present study, E. stiedai is considered to be a pyogenic etiological agent for which the infection level can be monitored through the leukocyte count and serum concentrations of ceruloplasmin, transferrin and haptoglobin, and these can be recommended as complementary tests.

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