scholarly journals Colonization of fire-damaged trees by Ips sexdentatus (Boerner) as related to the percentage of burnt crown

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mercedes Fernández Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Pinaster ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Tree Trunk ◽  
Wild Fire ◽  
Ips Sexdentatus ◽  
Pinus Pinaster Forest

The aim of this study is to determine how bark beetles colonise after a wild fire. Five categories of trees were established according to the percentage of burnt crown (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) in a Pinus pinaster forest in León province that had been burnt by awild fire in 1998. During 2000 and 2001 a study was carried out on the percentage of trees attacked in each category, the distribution of attacks on the tree trunk, crown decoloration, number of maternal galleries bored and the number of trees resisting attack. Only 20% of the trees (all of them with 0% unburnt crown) survived the attack. This study shows the capacity of Ips sexdentatus as a primary pest and recommends the removal of dead and dying trees after a wild fire before its population grows large enough to kill the remaining healthy ones.

Dynamic associations between Ips sexdentatus (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) and its phoretic mites in a Pinus pinaster forest in northwest Spain

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Paraschiv ◽  
C. Martínez-Ruiz ◽  
M. M. Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Pinaster ◽  
Ips Sexdentatus ◽  
Pinus Pinaster Forest

scholarly journals Effects of forest roads on Ips sexdentatus infestation in black pine forest

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 828
Author(s):  
Gonca Ece Özcan ◽  
Korhan Enez ◽  
Burak Arıcak
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
Black Pine ◽  
Forest Roads ◽  
Forest Road ◽  
Ips Sexdentatus

Forest roads are important transportation equipment through forested areas in the rugged, mountainous terrain of northern Turkey. Forest roads harm forest ecosystems due to both the manner in which they are established and how they are used afterwards. Damage to trees that occur during road construction through forests stresses trees, which facilitates outbreaks of bark beetle populations. Bark beetles are significant risk to the health and productivity of Turkish pine forests and to pine forests worldwide. In particular, Ips sexdentatus (Boerner) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) is a particularly destructive species of bark beetle in Turkish forests. Their damage to coniferous trees threatens the sustainability of the forest ecosystems. This study primarily aims to assess the intensity of damage that I. sexdentatus inflicts on Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold stands relative to several parameters: the distance to the nearest forest road, aspect (shady - sunny), slope (0–15% or >15%), and other stand characteristics. In this study, we show how damage by an I. sexdentatus infestation in pure black pine stands varies with distance to forest roads and in situ edaphic factors. We sampled 45 plots (400 m2 each), slope, aspect and distances to the nearest forest road was determined using ArcGIS software and the region’s road network overlays. Results showed that trees located within 100 m from the nearest forest road were the most severely damaged ones. The intensity of I. sexdentatus damage was about 16% in a hectare. Trees that were in 16–20 cm diameter class were damaged more often. I. sexdentatus damage did not show any significant correlation with the slope, aspect or degree of canopy closure.

A duplex ddPCR assay for simultaneously detecting Ips sexdentatus and Ips typographus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in bulk trap samples

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 903-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frida A. Zink ◽  
Luke R. Tembrock ◽  
Alicia E. Timm ◽  
Todd M. Gilligan
Keyword(s):  
Dna Extraction ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Digital Pcr ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ips Typographus ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ips Sexdentatus

Bark beetles in the family Curculionidae present a growing hazard to forests worldwide. Like native bark beetles, introduced exotic species can pose a serious threat to North American forests. Ips typographus (Boerner) and Ips sexdentatus (Linnaeus), both native to Europe, are two such pests that have caused widespread forest loss in their native ranges. International trade has led to increased interceptions of Scolytine beetles at ports of entry to the United States. Most intercepted individuals are not identified to species due to lack of expert identifiers, poor specimen quality, or incomplete taxonomy. These same problems affect identification for domestic surveys. Therefore, development of molecular methods for identification of potentially invasive Ips species is essential. Because of the need to scrutinize large numbers of beetles in an efficient manner, we describe a duplex droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay to identify I. typographus and I. sexdentatus simultaneously in bulk trap samples containing 500 Scolytinae specimens using a scalable, two-step DNA extraction. This ddPCR method is highly effective for processing the entire contents of beetle traps and identifying these potentially invasive species in a timely and definitive manner. We also describe a nondestructive DNA extraction technique that preserves specimens for morphological identification.

scholarly journals Modeling Pinus pinaster forest structure after a large wildfire using remote sensing data at high spatial resolution

2019 ◽  
Vol 446 ◽  
pp. 257-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Manuel Fernández-Guisuraga ◽  
Susana Suárez-Seoane ◽  
Leonor Calvo
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Forest Structure ◽  
Pinus Pinaster ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Sensing Data ◽  
Pinus Pinaster Forest

scholarly journals Post-fire natural regeneration of a Pinus pinaster forest in NW Spain

Plant Ecology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 197 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonor Calvo ◽  
Sara Santalla ◽  
Luz Valbuena ◽  
Elena Marcos ◽  
Reyes Tárrega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Pinus Pinaster ◽  
Nw Spain ◽  
Pinus Pinaster Forest

scholarly journals Natural and insecticide-free methods for protecting wood piles from bark beetles - using the example of the ash bark beetle (Hylesinus fraxini [Panzer, 1779]) on Common Ash (Fraxinus excelsior [L.])

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Robert Friedrich ◽  
Wehnert-Kohlenbrenner Michael ◽  
Marco Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Fraxinus Excelsior ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Ips Sexdentatus ◽  
Test Treatments ◽  
Pheromone Dispensers

This paper is investigating the insecticide-free protection of ash wood piles through the use of semiochemical dispensers with allochthonous kairomones to control ash bark beetle populations. For this purpose, borehole counts and brood gallery analyses were carried out on log piles of ash wood stored in the forest. Studies have shown that Hylesinus fraxini is repelled by the attractant dispenser with the substance mixture Sexowit, which was actually developed to catch Ips sexdentatus. In addition, the substance mixture has an aggregating effect on various bark beetle antagonists. This causality should be used to find a form of application to protect freshly stacked ash wood from H. fraxini infestation. A recommended form of application should be transferable to other bark beetle- and tree species and substances. In adaptation to the so-called Island Method of bark beetle traps, the wood piles of the five test variants were also arranged like islands. Commercially available Sexowit pheromone dispensers were used, which were attached to the piles. Besides a control without Sexowit dispenser there were test treatments with one, two, four and nine Sexowit dispensers.Within the scope of the investigation, effects between the tested variants could be determined and a recommended application method derived. Compared to control most effective protection of ash log piles was reached with variants treated with four or nine lures of Sexowit. In relation to control infestation was reduced by 78.1% on 4-dispenser variant Sexowit and 88.9% on 9-dispenser variant Sexowit.

scholarly journals Efficacy of synthetic lures for pine bark beetle monitoring

2022 ◽  
Vol 68 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Miloš Knížek ◽  
Jan Liška ◽  
Adam Véle
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ips Typographus ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Ips Sexdentatus

The Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) plantations in central Europe are currently damaged by a large-scale infestation by bark beetles (Scolytinae). Ips acuminatus and Ips sexdentatus are among the most aggressive species causing infestations of pine trees that are currently simultaneously attacked by Ips typographus. In pine plantations prone to damage, it is therefore necessary to carry out the bark beetle monitoring. One of the used methods is the pheromone bark beetle trapping using synthetic lures. The efficacy of synthetic lures differs. We tested the efficacy of commercially available lures used in the protection of pine trees. In total, we deployed 10 trap series, each consisting of traps with eight different lures and two unbaited traps (controls). Ips acuminatus and I. sexdentatus were most abundantly captured in Pheagr-IAC- and Sexowit-baited traps. Interestingly, the spruce species I. typographus was also captured and most often found in traps with Pheagr-IAC and Erosowit Tube lures. The number of captured beetles was consistent with the gradation phase of bark beetles. Our results suggest the suitability of pheromone traps for bark beetle monitoring. The use of Sexowit can be recommended especially in southwestern Moravia, where I. sexdentatus occurs in high numbers in the long run. In other parts of the Czech Republic, Pheagr-IAC alone can be used with sufficient efficacy. The use of the Erosowit Tube lure is also suitable for I. typographus and I. sexdentatus monitoring.

scholarly journals Impact of wildfire on the edaphic microarthropod community in a Pinus pinaster forest in central Italy

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 874-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Lisa ◽  
D Paffetti ◽  
S Nocentini ◽  
E Marchi ◽  
F Bottalico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Pinaster ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Pinus Pinaster Forest ◽  
Microarthropod Community

scholarly journals Ophiostomatoid fungi transported by Ips sexdentatus (Coleoptera; Scolytidae) in Pinus pinaster in NW Spain

Silva Fennica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Bueno ◽  
Julio Diez ◽  
Mercedes Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Pinaster ◽  
Ophiostomatoid Fungi ◽  
Nw Spain ◽  
Ips Sexdentatus

scholarly journals Naturally-occurring entomopathogenic fungi on three bark beetle species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Bulgaria

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavimira Draganova ◽  
Danail Takov ◽  
Danail Doychev
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Ips Typographus ◽  
Beauveria Brongniartii ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Fungal Entomopathogens ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Ips Sexdentatus

Bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) belong to one of the most damaging groups of forest insects and the activity of their natural enemies - pathogens, parasitoids, parasites or predators suppressing their population density, is of great importance. Biodiversity of entomopathogenic fungi on bark beetles in Bulgaria has been investigated sporadically. The aim of this preliminary study was to find, identify and study morphological characteristics of fungal entomopathogens naturally-occurring in populations of three curculionid species - Ips sexdentatus Boern, Ips typographus (L.) and Dryocoetes autographus (Ratz.). Dead pest adults were found under the bark of Pinus sylvestris and Picea abies trees collected from forests in the Maleshevska and Vitosha Mountains. Fungal pathogens were isolated into pure cultures on SDAY (Sabouraud dextrose agar with yeast extract) and were identified based on morphological characteristics both on the host and in a culture. Morphological characteristics of the isolates were studied by phenotypic methods. The fungal isolates obtained from dead adults of Ips sexdentatus, Ips typographus and D. autographus were found to belong to the species Beauveria bassiana (Bals. - Criv.) Vuillemin, Beauveria brongniartii (Saccardo) Petch and Isaria farinosa (Holmsk.) Fries (anamorph Ascomycota, Sordariomycetes: Hypocreales, Cordycipitaceae). Morphological traits of the isolates are described.

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