scholarly journals AXIOMATIC-DEDUCTIVE STRATEGY FOR IT DISCIPLINE CONTENT FORMATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 149-160
Author(s):  
Serhii A. Lupenko ◽  
Volodymyr V. Pasichnyk ◽  
Nataliia E. Kunanets
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Formal System ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Ontology Development ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Mathematical Structures ◽  
Ontological Approach ◽  
The Subject

The paper presents the axiomatic-deductive strategy of organizing the content of an academic discipline with the help of ontological approach in the e-learning systems in the field of information technologies. The authors have taken into account that the necessary property of the system of axiomatic statements is their consistency. On the basis of axiomatic-deductive strategy, new approaches to the formation of the discipline content are proposed. It is proved that the system of true statements of an academic discipline is based on its terminology-conceptual apparatus, in particular, axiomatic statements. The developed mathematical structures that describe the axiomatic-deductive substrategy of the organization of the academic discipline general statements and the taxonomically oriented substrategy of the deployment of the academic discipline content are presented in the article. This ensures the transition from the content form of representation of the set of statements of the academic discipline to its presentation by means of artificial languages of mathematical logic. The use of descriptive logic ensures the formalization of the procedure for displaying an axiomatic informal system in an axiomatic formal system. The mathematical structures describe and detail the abstract logical-semantic core of the academic discipline in the form of a group of axiomatic systems. It is noted that the basic core of the content of academic discipline contains its basic concepts and judgments. This ensures a strictly logical transition from abstract general concepts and statements to the concepts and assertions of the lower level of universality and abstraction. It is noted that in order to accommodate the content of an academic discipline is advisable to develop a taxonomically oriented sub-strategy based on the multiple application of operations of general concept division. The mathematical structures allow for analysis of a generalized structure of interactions between the verbal level of the description of the academic discipline subject area, the formal level of description of the subject area and the description of the subject area at the level of computer ontology, which is implemented through the formalization, interpretation, encoding and decoding in the computer-ontology development environment. As an example of the application of the proposed axiomatic-deductive strategy, the elements of the glossary and taxonomies of the concepts of the discipline "Computer Logic", which are embodied in the Protégé environment with the help of OWL ontology description language have been developed.

scholarly journals CERTAIN ASPECTS OF AUTOMATIZATION OF FORMING THE FORENSIC EXAMINATION CONCLUSION PROCESS

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-121
Author(s):  
Vasyl Kovalov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Technical Errors ◽  
Forensic Examination ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of

Active introduction of digital technologies in all spheres of life is one of the main directions of state development as a whole and separate sphere of activity. The issue of using information technologies and systems during forensic examination is the subject of scientific research of many domestic and foreign scientists, but this sphere remains relevant. The introduction of digital technologies in forensic activities is one of the priority areas for the forensic science development at the present stage and has significant development potential. One of the areas of optimization and improvement of forensic activity is the development of methods to automate the formation of forensic experts and unify the description of the research process, identified features, justification and formulation of forensic conclusions, which requires legislative consolidation and regulation, analysis and definition of the subject area and development requirements and algorithms for the operation of the system interface. Unification and standardization of the content of forensic experts' opinions requires the development of common standards and an information system adopted by all subjects of forensic expertise, and meets the needs of practice. The development of an information system for forming an expert opinion and automatically forming an expert opinion will allow formalizing and unifying the description of research and results of forensic examinations, optimizing the time of forensic experts and potentially reducing the number of logical, typographical and technical errors, and simplifying quality control of forensic examinations. The proposed system will not only automate the technical work of registration of research results carried out during forensic examinations, but will also contain research algorithms, which will be stored in the form of data on already conducted research of similar objects (list and sequence of operations, identified features and their parameters).

scholarly journals ON THE CREATION OF THE AUTOMATION SYSTEM RELATED TO SOCIAL-ECONOMIC MOVEMENTS OF PEOPLE

2018 ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
L. V. Rudikova ◽  
V. V. Danilchik
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Universal System ◽  
External Sources ◽  
The Subject ◽  
General Architecture

Nowadays, it is considerable to develop a general concept and implement a system for storing and analyzing data related to socio-economic displacements of people. The population movement, related to long-term and short-term migrations, has an increasing nature, which directly affects the various fields of activity in a single country and the world community as a whole. The proposed article describes the subject area associated with socio-economic displacements of people, the key features of internal and external migrations are noted. Based on the subject area, the general architecture of the universal system of data storage and processing is proposed, which is based on the client-server architecture. A fragment of the data model, associated with the accumulation of data from external sources, is provided. General approaches of algorithms and data structures usage are proposed. The system architecture is described with the possibility of scaling both vertical and horizontal.The proposed system organizes the process of searching for data and filling the database from third-party sources. To do this, a module for collecting and converting information from third-party Internet sources and sending them to the database has developed. In the paper is noted the feature of the client application, which provides a convenient interface for analyzing data in the form of diagrams, graphs, maps, etc. The system is intended for various users interested in analyzing economic and social transfers, for example, to tourist organizations wishing to obtain statistics for a certain time, to airlines which could plan flights in one direction or another, as well as for state structures with the purpose of analyzing the migration flows of the population and developing appropriate strategy for their regulation.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF FIELD RELATIONSHIP CULTURAL AND VISUAL ANTHROPOLOGY IN THE LOGIC OF THE CRISIS OF TEXT-CENTERED METHODS OF CULTURAL RESEARCH

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
O. Y. Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Video Production ◽  
Visual Anthropology ◽  
Modern Culture ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Empirical Material

The article is devoted to the study of the relevance of anthropological issues in the beginning of twentieth century and socio-cultural background of the anthropological sciences. The specificity of the subject and method of anthropology as a science in general focused on the systematization of empirical material which was studied. In this context, the logic of the formation of cultural / social anthropology and its instrumental interest to the video productions of technical media is studied. Anthropology tried to form a scientific understanding of human world as a holistic phenomenon (combining theoretical generalizations based on empirical data), while cultural anthropology focused on the study of cultural diversity. Visual anthropology emerged as a crossing of the fields of cultural anthropology as an academic discipline and the field of application of technical optical media, and thus a new source of empirical material. The gradual accumulation of empirical material in the "field researches" of anthropologists allowed to significantly expand the subject area and optics of anthropological science. And also it allowed visual anthropology to go gradually beyond the instrumental function that was originally intended for it. Meanwhile, the text-centered view of ethnographic material led to the transform of the culture of indigenous peoples into the codes of Western civilization, and hence to its reduction. Any of the various authentic non-Western cultures fundamentally distinguishes them from the unification style of the modern culture. The accumulation of video production by ethnography has allowed not only to preserve the disappearing authentic cultures, but also to develop methods of systematization of visual material, as well as to understand the role of visual anthropology as an autonomous discipline of the humanities. The integration of two aspects of visual anthropology (the production and study of images) casts doubt the classical style of positivist science: in particular, on the one hand the status of the subject as an observer or a spectator, on the one hand, and the monopoly of text optics, on the other.

scholarly journals AN ONTOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF A KNOWLEDGE BASE OF A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR CHOOSING AN INDIVIDUAL EDUCATIONAL TRAJECTORY

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
О.В. Баюк ◽  
И.О. Лозикова
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Support System ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Educational Trajectories ◽  
Ontological Approach ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ontological Modeling ◽  
Ontological Model

В статье рассмотрены актуальные вопросы онтологического моделирования базы знаний интеллектуальной системы поддержки принятия решения (СППР) по выбору индивидуальной образовательной траектории. Цель работы – разработка онтологической модели базы знаний системы поддержки принятия решения для построения индивидуальной образовательной траектории обучающегося. Предметом исследования является онтологическое моделирование процесса построения индивидуальной образовательной траектории. Актуальность работы обусловлена индивидуализацией образовательного процесса, который предлагается осуществлять по индивидуальным образовательным траекториям (ИОТ). При построении ИОТ большая роль отводится самостоятельному выбору и принятию решения обучающимся, где необходимо ясно видеть возможный результат своего выбора. Система построения сценариев выбора ИОТ или Система поддержки принятия решения (СППР, Decision Support System, DSS) является интеллектуальной системой, ядром которой будет база знаний на основе онтологической модели. Представлены методологические и технологические аспекты моделирования онтологии базы знаний предметной области индивидуальных образовательных траекторий, применение современных программных средств и стандартов разработки онтологических моделей. Описан метод и технология онтологического моделирования, представлены основные технологические стандарты и их теоретические основания, а также основные процессы методики проектирования. Дано описание предметной области онтологической модели, подход к построению модели базы знаний индивидуальной образовательной траектории, где сформулированы целевые вопросы данной онтологии для определения её масштаба и компетентности. Представлен последовательный процесс онтологического моделирования знаний описанной предметной области. Разработаны правила логического вывода для проверки компетентности онтологической модели и представлены результаты логических вычислений. Представлен выбор семантических технологий для разработки СППР. В заключение сделаны выводы о преимуществах онтологического подхода к разработке базы знаний системы поддержки принятия решения по выбору индивидуальной образовательной траектории и о программной архитектуре реализации данной системы. The article deals with topical issues of ontological modeling of the knowledge base of the intelligent decision support system (DSS) for the choice of an individual educational trajectory. The purpose of the work is to develop an ontological model of the knowledge base of the decision support system for building an individual educational trajectory of a student. The subject of the research is the ontological modeling of the process of building an individual educational trajectory. The relevance of the work is due to the individualization of the educational process, which is proposed to be carried out according to individual educational trajectories (IOT). When building an IOT, a large role is assigned to the independent choice and decision-making of students, where it is necessary to clearly see the possible result of their choice. The system for constructing IOT selection scenarios or the Decision Support System (DSS, Decision Support System, DSS) is an intelligent system, the core of which will be a knowledge base based on an ontological model. Methodological and technological aspects of modeling the ontology of the knowledge base of the subject area of individual educational trajectories, the use of modern software tools and standards for the development of ontological models are presented. The method and technology of ontological modeling are described, the main technical standards and their theoretical foundations are presented, as well as the main processes of the design methodology. The article describes the subject area of the ontological model, an approach to building a knowledge base model of an individual educational trajectory, where the target questions of this ontology are formulated to determine its scale and competence. A sequential process of ontological modeling of knowledge of the described subject area is presented. The rules of logical inference for checking the competence of the ontological model are developed and the results of logical calculations are presented. The choice of semantic technologies for the development of DSS is presented. In conclusion, conclusions are made about the advantages of the ontological approach to the development of the knowledge base of the decision support system for choosing an individual educational trajectory and about the software architecture of the implementation of this system.

scholarly journals Development of a technology for collecting and analyzing data for monitoring based on an ontological approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu.I. Molorodov ◽  
O.V. Kasatkin
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
World System ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Digital Representation ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Information Models ◽  
Hydroelectric Dam ◽  
Ontological Approach ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ontological Modeling

One of the ways to build information models is ontological modeling. The use of ontologies greatly facilitates the exchange of data between embedded models and utilities for the digital representation of an object or a real-world system, sometimes called “digital twin” (DT). It is also important to establish a correspondence between the DT, people and external programs. Based on the dictionary of the main terms, classes, objects of the subject area and the relations between them, we have built an ontology of the hydroelectric dam DT.

Information technologies for automation of professional educational programs

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-109
Author(s):  
В.И. Воловач ◽  
Т.С. Яницкая ◽  
В.В. Иванов ◽  
А.С. Васильева
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Application Development ◽  
The Subject

Рассмотрен процесс разработки учебно-методических материалов при формировании или обновлении основной профессиональной образовательной программы. Произведенный анализ предметной области позволил разработать прототип информационной системы. На примере формирования рабочих учебных программ показаны основные этапы разработки приложения, определены технологии разработки информационной системы. The process of developing educational methodological materials in the formation or updating of the main professional educational program is considered. The analysis of the subject area made it possible to develop a prototype of the information system. Using the example of the formation of working curricula, the main stages of application development are shown, technologies for the development of an information system are determined.

scholarly journals Encyclopedia of Women & Islamic Cultures

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-97
Author(s):  
Andrew Rippin
Keyword(s):  
Development Economics ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Informal Settlement ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Economics Education ◽  
Specific Topic ◽  
Theoretical Structure ◽  
Education Environment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Organizational Logic

An encyclopedia is popularly thought of as presenting the sum of all knowledge,whether it be universal or on a specific topic. A moment’s reflectionreveals, of course, that such an understanding does not quite get at the realconcept, for there is no such thing as “all knowledge.” The historicalmomentwill always define the extent of the knowledge that is available. The structuralterms within which that knowledge is constructed – its headings andsubheadings – are historically bound as well. One of the features – bothadmirable and disconcerting – of the Encyclopedia of Women & IslamicCultures is how the work makes the reader aware of these factors: that thisencyclopedia is, in fact, by its very act of being produced, defining a previouslynon-existent area of encyclopaedic knowledge and that the gaps inknowledge of the subject area, even after the production of the work, are substantial.Volume 4, “Economics, Education, Mobility and Space,” illustratesthis point vividly.As can be seen by the volume’s heading, the overall encyclopedia isorganized at the top level in themes. Within each volume, though, entries areorganized alphabetically. The main topics covered are “Cities,” “Development,”“Economics,” “Education,” “Environment,” “Information Technologies,”“Migration,” “Poverty,” “Slavery,” “Space,” and “Tourism.” Sincethe ordering of the next level of headings is alphabetical as well, there is noparticular organizational logic to the sequence of presentation. Under“Cities,” for example, the subheadings are, in order: “Colonial Cities,”“Homelessness,” “Informal Settlement,” “Islamic Cities,” “Urban BuiltEnvironments,” “Urban Identities,” and “Urban Movements.” It is difficultto ascertain whether any theoretical structure has dictated these subheadings ...

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