Judicial practice in the law reality of Russia: experience of a comprehensive research

The legal nature of judicial practice in the context of legal reality is investigated through prism of phenomenological and axiological analysis. The purpose of the research is to form scientifically proved knowledge of the place and judicial practice role in the legal reality. Methodology is based on complex use of postclassical methods of investigation: integrative approach allows combining within the category both activity of courts on ensuring justice and gained experience. The findings are as follows. Judicial practice is analyzed as a part of social and legal practice. It shows organic unity of knowledge, activity and result. Judicial practice promotes formation of uniform rules of interpretation, formulation of legal norms and decision making in similar situations/cases that removes ambiguity in understanding of norms and clarity of their content. Correlation of ordinary, professional and doctrinal understanding of law as well as rapprochement of social expectations and judicial consciousness, which provide legitimacy to legislation and judiciary practice, is ensured. Conclusions are as follows. Judicial practice covers activity of judicial bodies in administering justice, taking in different values - pragmatist, organizational, logic-intellectual, and formal-legal in a combination of experience generalizations. Due to this, the feedback system between legal norms and individual acts that is reflected in actual formation of models of interpretation and realization of norms, and finally leads to refining legislation is ensured. Judicial practice, thereby, harmonizes legal reality, providing rapprochement of valuable orientations of addressees and senders of law communication.

Connectivity and human capacity in digital transformation: the exploratory hypotheses of hyper industrial

The present contribution interprets current digital transformations of work and related power dynamics through the lens of Alquati's concept of hyper-industrial society. The paper starts from a re-elaboration of Alquati's thought, mainly on the basis of the re-reading of some unpublished writings dating back to the 1990s and 2000s. In particular, it takes up the categories of (a) hyper-industrialisation, (b) enhancement versus impoverishment of human capacity, and (c) machinic subjectivity, and reconsiders them in light of current technological developments. These categories are then used as tools for analyzing three work contexts in which processes of digitization appear to be particularly intense: manufacturing, banking, and work in digital distribution platforms. This empirical exploration shows how current transformations of work can be interpreted as effects of a hyper-industrial mode, understood as an abstract organizational logic capable of dividing, standardizing and reassembling objects and knowledge.

China’s Green Urbanization in the Perspective of Ecological Civilization

This paper proposes a conceptual framework and a strategic idea for China’s green urbanization from the perspective of ecological civilization. The existing urbanization model — whether the activities carried out in the city or the city’s organization form — is largely a product of the traditional industrial era. China must think outside the traditional industrial box and promote green urbanization based on ecological civilization which is the fundamental solution to address the unsustainable development of cities. Green urbanization is more like “building cities in (natural) parks”, rather than “building parks in existing cities”, that is, creating a prosperous economy without destroying but making full use of the natural ecological environment. This means there will be profound changes to the development concept, the activity carried out in the city, the city’s organizational logic, and the implications of the regional economy. China’s green urbanization based on ecological civilization should focus on three basic tasks and two strategies. The three tasks are to reshape the existing cities, urbanize the newly added population in a green way, and redefine the rural areas. The two key strategies are to realize green urbanization of urban clusters that account for more than 90% of the national GDP, 70% of the total population, and 30% of the land area; and to urbanize county-level areas where about 60% of the national population resides.

Underemploying highly skilled migrants: An organizational logic protecting corporate ‘normality’

Why do highly skilled migrants encounter difficulties getting a skilled job? In this study, instead of searching for an answer in migrants’ characteristics, we turn to organizations and ask: why do organizations underemploy highly skilled migrants? With an in-depth qualitative study of a programme for highly skilled migrants’ labour integration in Sweden, we show that highly skilled migrants are perceived as a potential threat to organizational norms and practices. Using the relational theory of risk – approaching risk as socially constructed – the study provides a novel explanation for highly skilled migrants’ underemployment. It shows an organization logic protecting corporate practices seen as ‘normal’ from a perceived disruption that employing highly skilled migrants could possibly cause. Theoretical contributions to the understanding of highly skilled migrants’ employability are threefold: (1) the field assumption that organizations are in favour of hiring migrants is challenged; (2) highly skilled migrants’ underemployment is explained through a protective organizational logic; and (3) we stress the necessity to problematize an implicit reference to organizational normality when recruiting.

The gastrin-releasing peptide regulates stress-enhanced fear and dopamine signaling

Fear extinction is an adaptive behavioral process critical for organism’s survival, but deficiency in extinction may lead to PTSD. While the amygdala and its neural circuits are critical for fear extinction, the molecular identity and organizational logic of cell types that lie at the core of these circuits remain unclear. Here we report that mice deficient for amygdala-enriched gastrin-releasing peptide gene (Grp-/-) exhibit enhanced neuronal activity in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and stronger fear conditioning, as well as deficient extinction in stress-enhanced fear learning (SEFL). rAAV2-retro-based tracing combined with visualization of the GFP knocked in the Grp gene showed that BLA receives GRPergic or conditioned stimulus projections from the indirect auditory thalamus-to-auditory cortex pathway, ventral hippocampus and ventral tegmental area. Transcription of dopamine-related genes was decreased in BLA of Grp-/- mice following SEFL extinction recall, suggesting that the GRP may mediate fear extinction regulation by dopamine.Impact statementMice deficient for the amygdala-enriched gastrin-releasing peptide gene are susceptible to stress-enhanced fear, a behavioral protocol with relevance to PTSD, and show a decrease in dopamine-related gene transcription.

The Value Proposition

A business model is a description of how value creation is organized, underpinned by a value proposition. Such a proposition solves a problem or appeals to new, often yet undiscovered needs. Value creation has several facets. This building block offers a framework of five positions of value creation from which to choose and links it to strategies you can use. This in turn is then linked to the possibility of creating change with your business model-to-be. The more precisely you align the nature of those values and the change you would like to create, the better you will be able to design an appropriate (organizational) logic at a later stage. Formulating a clear and compelling value proposition is crucial in the development of a business model. It gives direction to the strategy, to the stakeholders with whom you could take these steps, and to what impact you expect to realize.

The Importance of Defining a Roadmap for a Digital Transformation

The transition from a traditional organizational logic to a digital one is not immediate as it forces a readjustment of processes, Information Systems and even organizational structures. The company selected for analysis belongs to the civil construction sector. The case study consists of identifying and detailing operational procedures in the field of information systems and consequent diagnosis of the transition to a digital scenario, preparing it for new global competitiveness scenarios, as well as analyzing the intra and extra-organizational dimensions that should be considered in the process of transformation. The operational management of the company is based on traditional procedures, where data recording is mostly handwritten. It would be beneficial to use knowledge management systems, preparing the company for an increasingly widespread trend, such as the digital economy. This would allow an increase in the efficiency and productivity of processes, through the improvement of production, archive, and knowledge management in the scope of its operations.

Cocreating resilient hybrids: the bridging power of social enterprises' organizational logics

PurposeThis study investigates (1) the processes through which social enterprises develop resilient organizational logics and (2) the key resilience factors in the organizational logics of successful social enterprises. The organizational logic is conceptualized here as the dynamic system of roles, rules and social expectations that result from the organization's business model, impact model and organizational form.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts an inductive approach to identify emerging resilience factors and processes in an exemplary case of social entrepreneurship (a work integration venture). The longitudinal data collection on this case took place from 2011 to 2016, based on approximately 440 h of participant observation and 10 semi-structured interviews.FindingsThe inductive analysis suggests that social enterprises develop resilient organizational logics through multi-level recursive processes of bridging institutional work. These processes enable the development of an organizational logic that is internally robust while linking distant practices, needs and expectations. The authors conceptualize these characteristics into a novel construct, the organizational logic's bridging power, which is operationalizable through two dimensions (hybridity-based and cocreation-based bridging power) and five sub-dimensions.Research limitations/implicationsLike in all inductive studies, further research is needed to validate the proposed model. The new proposed construct “organizational logic's bridging power” is, interestingly, a meta-theoretical concept encouraging cross-fertilization between the literature on institutional logics and that on value cocreation.Originality/valueThe process development model proposed by this study highlights the importance of network-level institutional work for developing cocreation-based resilience. Furthermore, this study shows how institutional theories could be complemented with other bodies of knowledge in order to understand social enterprise resilience.