scholarly journals Georeferencing of adolescents with malocclusion in a capital of Southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e31110918076
Author(s):  
Cristiano Zortéa ◽  
Prescila Mota de Oliveira Kublitski ◽  
Fernanda Mara de Paiva Bertoli ◽  
Carolina Dea Bruzamolin ◽  
Flávia Sens Fagundes Tomazinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deep Bite ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Anterior Crowding ◽  
Posterior Crossbite ◽  
The City

The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence and to georeference the malocclusion traits in adolescents in the city of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Data from a previous cross-sectional study with 538 adolescents aged 10 to 14 years were used. In addition, the following variables were used: gender, Health District (HD) of residence, and presence and malocclusion traits. Fisher’s Exact Test, georeferencing, and kernel mapping were used for data evaluation. Malocclusion was observed in 52.4% of individuals, and the most prevalent occlusal trait was deep bite (22.7%), followed by excessive overjet (19.9%), anterior crowding (8.0%), posterior crossbite (6.5%), anterior open bite (4.8%), and anterior crossbite (1.7%). Malocclusion was not associated with gender (p = 0.389) or HD (p = 0.079). However, when stratified by gender, the deep bite prevailed among male. The highest malocclusion trait’s prevalence was observed in the HDs of Cajuru, Pinheirinho, Boa Vista, and Cidade Industrial de Curitiba. Despite the absence of significant differences in relation to gender and HD, the prevalence of malocclusion traits in the sample studied was high, especially for deep bite. Additionally, georeferencing proved to be useful for identifying the distribution of malocclusion in Curitiba.

scholarly journals Association between oronasopharyngeal abnormalities and malocclusion in Northeastern Brazilian preschoolers

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Genara Brum Gomes ◽  
Raquel Gonçalves Vieira-Andrade ◽  
Raulison Vieira de Sousa ◽  
Ramon Targino Firmino ◽  
Saul Martins Paiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Exam ◽  
Posterior Crossbite ◽  
Objective Evidence ◽  
Private And Public

Abstract Objective: Evidence is contradictory regarding the association between oronasopharyngeal abnormalities and malocclusion. The aim of the present study was to assess the association between oronasopharyngeal abnormalities and malocclusion (anterior open bite and posterior crossbite) in preschoolers. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 732 preschoolers aged 3-5 years old selected randomly from private and public preschools. Anterior open bite (AOB) and posterior crossbite (PC) were evaluated through a clinical exam. Parents/caregivers answered a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic indicators and oronasopharyngeal issues. Statistical analysis involved descriptive analysis and Poisson regression (p < 0.05). Results: The prevalences of AOB and PC were 21.0% and 11.6%, respectively. Being three years old (PR = 1.244; 95% CI = 1.110-1.394; p < 0.001), being four years old (PR = 1.144; 95% CI = 1.110 - 1.394; p = 0.015), absence of allergy (PR = 1.158; 95% CI = 1.057 - 1.269; p = 0.002), not having undergone nose surgery (PR = 1.152; 95% CI = 1.041 - 1.275; p = 0.006) and having a sore throat more than five times in the same year (PR = 1.118; 95% CI = 1.011 - 1.237; p = 0.030) were significantly associated with AOB. The absence of asthma (PR = 1.082; 95% CI = 1.012 - 1.156; p = 0.020), not having undergone throat surgery (PR = 1.112; 95% CI = 1.068 - 1.158; p < 0.001) and not having undergone nose surgery (PR = 1.114; 95% CI = 1.069 - 1.160; p < 0.001) remained associated with PC. Conclusion: Significant associations were found between oronasopharyngeal-reported abnormalities and the presence of AOB and PC in preschoolers.

Upper airways evaluation in young adults with an anterior open bite: A CBCT retrospective controlled and cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-285
Author(s):  
Patricia Aurora Vidal-Manyari ◽  
Luis Ernesto Arriola-Guillén ◽  
Ludy Marileidy Jimenez-Valdivia ◽  
Heraldo Luis Dias-Da Silveira ◽  
Mariana Boessio-Vizzotto
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Ergonomic Risk Factors of Teleworking in Ecuador during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5063
Author(s):  
César Larrea-Araujo ◽  
José Ayala-Granja ◽  
Andrea Vinueza-Cabezas ◽  
Patricia Acosta-Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The City ◽  
Ergonomic Risk Factors

Due to the COVID-19 global pandemic, guidelines for people’s confinement have been implemented to prevent the disease’s spread. As a result of this, companies have implemented teleworking as an emerging way to work from home using information technology. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Ecuador, with a sample of 204 teleworkers in the city of Quito. The results show that the teleworkers rearranged their bedrooms to carry out their activities. The respondents in each age group stated they did not perceive more significant ailments than those experienced before beginning teleworking. The relationships between the variables were analyzed utilizing the Chi-Square test and Fisher’s exact test, finding a relationship between neck ailments and age of p = 0.031 * and between arm/forearm ailments of p = 0.032 *. This study contributes to a greater understanding of the ergonomic situation of the teleworkers and provides us with information to mitigate the ergonomic risks to which they are exposed.

scholarly journals Prevalence of malocclusion in early childhood and its associated factors in a primary care service in Brazil

CoDAS ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia de Abreu Pegoraro ◽  
Camila Mello dos Santos ◽  
Beatriz Carriconde Colvara ◽  
Rafaela Soares Rech ◽  
Daniel Demétrio Faustino-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Posterior Crossbite ◽  
Health Care Practices ◽  
Pacifier Use

ABSTRACT Purpose to evaluate the prevalence of malocclusion and its associated factors of children cared for by a PHC Service in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Methods a cross-sectional study nested in a cohort, carried out in 12 Health Care Practices. Of the 414 children in the cohort examined, 268 were assessed for malocclusion. The presence of anterior open bite, posterior and anterior crossbite was evaluated by the criteria of Foster and Hamilton. Socioeconomic variables, breastfeeding habits and pacifier use information were collected through a standardized questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using a hierarchical approach by Poisson Regression with robust variance. Results out of the total 268 evaluated, 135 (50.4%) were boys, and the average age was 28.6 (± 11.9) months. Out of the 143 (53.4%) cases of malocclusion, 113 were anterior open bite, 16 were anterior crossbite, 27 were posterior crossbite, and 38 had increased overjet. In the final analysis, it was observed that there was a higher prevalence of malocclusion in children who never breastfed (PR = 1.44; 95%CI 1.00-2.08) and who always used a pacifier to sleep (PR = 1.81; 95%CI 1.14-2.86). Conclusion the prevalence of malocclusion in this population was high and was associated with behavioral habits, such as the use of pacifier and not breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors for the Development of Anterior Open Bite and Posterior Crossbite in the Primary Dentition

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raulison Vieira de Sousa ◽  
Gabriella Lima Arrais Ribeiro ◽  
Ramon Targino Firmino ◽  
Carolina Castro Martins ◽  
Ana Flávia Granville-Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Dentition ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Posterior Crossbite ◽  
Nutritive Sucking ◽  
Duration Of Breastfeeding

The aim of the study was to verify the prevalence of anterior open bite (AOB) and posterior cross-bite (PC) in the primary dentition and the association with sociodemographic factors, presence and duration of nutritive and non-nutritive habits. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 732 preschoolers in Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. Clinical exams were performed by three calibrated examiners (Kappa: 0.85-0.90). A questionnaire addressing sociodemographic data as well as nutritive and non-nutritive sucking habits was administered to parents/caregivers. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and Poisson regression analysis (α=5%). The prevalence of AOB and PC was 21.0% and 11.6%, respectively. AOB was significantly associated with the three-year-old age group (PR: 1.37; 95%CI: 1.24-1.52), enrollment in public school (PR: 1.09; 95%CI: 1.01-1.17) and duration of pacifier sucking ≥36 months (PR: 1.41; 95%CI: 1.30-1.53). PC was associated with pacifier use (PR: 1.11; 95%CI: 1.05-1.17) and duration of breastfeeding <12 months (PR: 1.05; 95%CI: 1.00-1.10). Socioeconomic factors appear not to be related to AOB or PC in the primary dentition, except type of preschool. Breastfeeding should be encouraged for longer periods and the use of pacifier beyond 3 years of age represents a predisposing factor for both types of malocclusion, especially AOB.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study reporting concussion exposure, assessment and management in Western Australian general practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Thomas ◽  
HuiJun Chih ◽  
Belinda Gabbe ◽  
Melinda Fitzgerald ◽  
Gill Cowen
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Usual Practice ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Concussion Management ◽  
Practice Knowledge ◽  
Western Australian

Abstract Background General Practitioners (GPs) may be called upon to assess patients who have sustained a concussion despite limited information being available at this assessment. Information relating to how concussion is actually being assessed and managed in General Practice is scarce. This study aimed to identify characteristics of current Western Australian (WA) GP exposure to patients with concussion, factors associated with GPs’ knowledge of concussion, confidence of GPs in diagnosing and managing patients with concussion, typical referral practices and familiarity of GPs with guidelines. Methods In this cross-sectional study, GPs in WA were recruited via the RACGP WA newsletter and shareGP and the consented GPs completed an electronic survey. Associations were performed using Chi-squared tests or Fisher’s Exact test. Results Sixty-six GPs in WA responded to the survey (response rate = 1.7%). Demographics, usual practice, knowledge, confidence, identification of prolonged recovery as well as guideline and resource awareness of GPs who practised in regional and metropolitan areas were comparable (p > 0.05). Characteristics of GPs were similar between those who identified all symptoms of concussion and distractors correctly and those who did not (p > 0.05). However, 84% of the respondents who had never heard of concussion guidelines were less likely to answer all symptoms and distractors correctly (p = 0.039). Whilst 78% of the GPs who were confident in their diagnoses had heard of guidelines (p = 0.029), confidence in managing concussion was not significantly associated with GPs exposure to guidelines. It should be noted that none of the respondents correctly identified signs of concussion and excluded the distractors. Conclusions Knowledge surrounding concussion guidelines, diagnosis and management varied across GPs in WA. Promotion of available concussion guidelines may assist GPs who lack confidence in making a diagnosis. The lack of association between GPs exposure to guidelines and confidence managing concussion highlights that concussion management may be an area where GPs could benefit from additional education and support.

scholarly journals The hope of women with HIV/AIDS: evaluation using the Herth Scale

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana de Souza Orlandi ◽  
Neide de Souza Praça
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hiv Positive Women ◽  
The City ◽  
Hiv Aids

This descriptive cross-sectional study had the objective to evaluate the level of hope in women aged 50 or older suffering from HIV/AIDS, utilizing the Herth Hope Scale. The study involved 200 HIV- positive women, within the age bracket of interest, enrolled in three STI/AIDS specialized healthcare services in the city of São Paulo. The rules of the 196/96 Resolution were met and the study was approved by the Research and Ethics Committee. Data were collected in 2010 using two instruments: subjects' characterization and the Herth Hope Scale. Results demonstrated an average score of 36.75 (±4.52) on the Herth Hope Scale, with an interval of 12 to 48. This score is below the score obtained with the same scale for various pathologies, indicating a reduced perception of hope by the sample. Nurses should provide interventions to improve hope for these people, establishing realistic goals and strengthening social support.

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