Influence of physical and chemical properties of soybean grains on drying process

Grain drying can be influenced by many factors and energetic knowledge of this process is essential. The objective was to evaluate the influence of soybean grain properties on drying kinetics and thermodynamic properties. Four soybean cultivars were studied through sphericity, circularity, volume, oil content, total protein and initial moisture in a completely randomized design. Drying was performed at temperatures of 40 and 60 °C, adjusting six mathematical models. By the statistical criteria different models were selected to the cultivars, which were used in the thermodynamic properties’ calculations. The cultivar C with lower volume presented higher drying rate and higher constant k, which presented lower activation energy 23.81 kJ mol-1. The thermodynamic properties of Gibbs enthalpy, entropy and free energy were mainly influenced by volume, being lower for cultivar C.

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CHARACTERIZATION OF SORGUM MUFFIN (Sorghum bicolor) OF KD 4 VARIETY WITH SOAKING GRAIN AND SORGUM FLOUR CONCENTRATION TREATMENT

Jurnal Penelitian Pascapanen Pertanian ◽

10.21082/jpasca.v18n1.2021.37-44 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

Ita Yustina ◽

Ana Nurhasanah ◽

SS. Antarlina

Keyword(s):

Physical Properties ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Sorghum Flour ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Sorghum Grains ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

<p class="Abstrak"><span lang="EN-GB">By processing sorghum grains into flour, the use of sorghum grains to support food diversification can be made more varied. The research objective was to determine the physical and chemical properties of sorghum muffins and changes of physical properties of sorghum muffins during storage. The research uses a completely randomized design with two factor, grain soaking duration (hours) and ratio of concentration of whole sorghum flours with gluten flour (%) and consists of nine treatments combination. The result shows that treatment has a significant effect on the power expansion, degree of brightness, fat, and preference for organoleptic properties. The best treatment was 24-hours of soaking, 25% whole sorghum flour, 75% gluten flour that produces expanded power at 138,83%, degree of brightness (L) at 67.03, redness (a) at +4.33, yellowness (b) at +27.37, water content of 12.59%, protein content of 6.95%, fat content of 2.46%, score of color at 3.20, texture score at 3.13, aroma score at 3.16, taste score at 3.24, and for overall acceptance at 3.53 (like). Changes of physical properties of sorghum muffins during storage for 3 days can be explained with the linear equation. For all parameter (weight loss, volume loss, brightness loss), the value of constant a in the equation of sorghum muffin was lower than control muffin that indicated quality loss of sorghum muffins is higher than control muffin. Increasing the concentration of sorghum flour resulted a decrease in the quality of the muffins. The soaking treatment of the seeds in making sorghum flour can maintain the quality of the muffin.</span></p>

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Physical and Chemical Characteristic of Halal Gelatin Extracted from Buffalo Hide with Addition of Pineapple Rind at Different Ratio

Indonesian Journal of Halal Research ◽

10.15575/ijhar.v1i1.4109 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Aprizal Aprizal ◽

Irdha Mirdhayati ◽

Yendraliza Yendraliza

Keyword(s):

Islamic Law ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Chemical Characteristic ◽

Ash Content ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Extraction Agent ◽

And Chemical Properties

The production of halal gelatin from buffalo hide waste which is animal be slaughtered according to Islamic law and using pineapple rind as an extraction agent was an alternative to produce halal gelatin. The availability of buffalo hide in Riau Province was stable and its hide had high protein content. This research was conducted to produced and determine the characteristics of halal gelatin from buffalo hide using solution of pineapple skin in terms of their physical and chemical properties. The Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was experimental design used with consist of 3 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment was ratio hide : pineapple rind solution, namely 3:1, 3:2 , 3:3 w/v. The parameters observed were yield, viscosity, color, pH, ash content and moisture content. The results showed that immersion of buffalo hide in the solution of pineapple rind at different ratio gave highly significant increased the viscosity and ash content of gelatin but not significant effect to yield percentage , color, pH and moisture of gelatin. The yield percentage ranging from 5.99-7.33%, pH 4.83-4.85, viscosity was 1.95-2.20 cP, color 0.54-0.71 absorbance unit, ash 0.25-, 032% and moisture 9.97-9.99%. It can be concluded that the best treatment was ratio 3:2 and 3 : 3 according to had viscosity, pH, color, ash and moisture in line with the standard of gelatin by Gelatin Manufacture Institute of America (GMIA).

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PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis quineensis Jacq) PADA MEDIUM ULTISOL YANG DIAPLIKASI KOMPOS Mucuna bracteata

DINAMIKA PERTANIAN ◽

10.25299/dp.2019.vol35(3).7701 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 125-134

Author(s):

Taufik Ristumoyo Rambe ◽

Adiwirman ◽

Wawan

Keyword(s):

Oil Palm ◽

Elaeis Guineensis ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Medium ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Acidity Level ◽

And Chemical Properties

The first problem faced in cultivating oil palm is the procurement of seeds. Ultisol soil when used for breeding media has several problems such as having a wet saturation of less than 35% at a depth of 125 cm below the upper limit of the argillic horizon. Ultisol has an acidity level of less than 5.5, low to moderate organic matter and low nutrition. The addition of organic material such as the LCC Mucuna bracteata compost is highly recommended because it will improve the physical, biological, and chemical properties of the soil, so that it increases the availability of nutrients in the soil to be optimal. This study aims to determine the effect of LCC mucuna bracteata compost on ultisol soil medium and determine the dosage/dose of LCC Mucuna Bracteata compost which provides the best growth of oil palm seedlings (Elaeis guineensis Jacq). This research was carried out experimentally with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), consisting of 5 treatments and 4 replications. The results of this study indicate that distributing doses of 400 g/8 kg of soil improved the physical and chemical properties of the soil and the vegetative growth of oil palm seeds.

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Sifat Mekanika Kayu Tumeh (Combretocarpus rotundatus Dans) pada Arah Radial

Daun Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian dan Kehutanan ◽

10.33084/daun.v7i2.2015 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 163-170

Author(s):

Wahyu Supriyati ◽

Alpian Alpian

Keyword(s):

Building Materials ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Comprehensive Understanding ◽

Central Kalimantan ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Different Diameters ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

Communities in Kalimantan areas need wood for building materials. They use Tumeh wood (Combretocarpus rotundatus Dans) because of its found abundantly in forest area in Central Kalimantan. Tumeh is a kind of pioneer. Wood parts affect the quality of wood. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of the radial position on the mechanical properties of wood tumeh. The properties of the wood analyzed is hardness, Modukus of Rupture (MOR) and Mdukus of Elasticity (MOE) (British Standard No.373,1957). Data analysis using Completely Randomized Design (CRD. The results show that the location in the radial direction has no significant effect on hardness, MOR and MOE values.The highest value of hardness and MOR was near the bark and then decreased in the middle and near the heart, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest MOE value is near the heart, then decreases in the middle and near the bark, respectively This research can be continued on the physical and chemical properties of the wood for a more comprehensive understanding. Research in different directions and at different diameters can also be carried out as a comparison.

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PENGARUH PERSENTASE PEREKAT TAPIOKA TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BRIKET ARANG TEMPURUNG KELAPA

Jurnal Sylva Scienteae ◽

10.20527/jss.v4i2.3343 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 324

Author(s):

Norhikmah ◽

Noor Mirad Sari ◽

Muhammad Faisal Mahdie

Keyword(s):

Chemical Properties ◽

Ash Content ◽

Coconut Shell ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Heating Value ◽

Astm Standard ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

Tapioka flour as an adhesive for coconut shell charcoal briquettes can affect the characteristics of charcoal briquettes consisting of physical and chemical properties. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical properties of coconut shell charcoal briquettes in several adhesive percentages. The method used was a completely randomized design pattern and in this study there was only one factor (factor = coconut shell charcoal and tapioca adhesive/starch), as many as 5 treatments with 3 replicatins = 15 samples to be tested. Charakteristics of coconut shell charcoal briquettes that meet ASTM standard : water content that entered ASTM standard (Max 6%) in treatment A2 (95% coconut shell charcoal + 5% tapioca adhesive), the best density is found in treatment A3 (90% coconut shell charcoal + 10% tapioca adhesive)and enter ASTM standard(1.0-1.2 g / cm3), ash content that falls within the ASTM standard (Max 18%) in treatment A3(90% coconut shell charcoal + 10% tapioca adhesive), flying substancs that comply with ASTM standard (19-28%) in treatment A3 (90% charcoal coconut shell + 10% tapioca adhesive), bonded carbon content which is included in the ASTM standard (at least 58%) in treatment A2 (95% coconut shell charcoal + 5% tapioca adhesive),and the best heating value is found in the treatment A3 ( 90% coconut shell charcoal + 10% tapioca adhesive) which falls within the ASTM standard (4000-6500 cal / g). The results of this study indicate that the percentage of tapioca adhesive can affect the characteristics of coconut shell charcoal briquetess.Keywords: Percentage of tapioca adhesive; Charcoal briquettes; Coconut shell

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Statistical criteria of stellar population types

Symposium - International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0074180900053304 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. 101-110

Author(s):

W. Iwanowska

Keyword(s):

Stellar Population ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Spectrophotometric Study ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Population Type ◽

The Galaxy ◽

Distribution Parameters ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Statistical Criteria ◽

And Chemical Properties

In connection with the spectrophotometric study of population-type characteristics of various kinds of stars, a statistical analysis of kinematical and distribution parameters of the same stars is performed at the Toruń Observatory. This has a twofold purpose: first, to provide a practical guide in selecting stars for observing programmes, second, to contribute to the understanding of relations existing between the physical and chemical properties of stars and their kinematics and distribution in the Galaxy.

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Physical and Chemical Properties of CaCl2/H2O and LiBr/H2O Systems Confined to Nanopores of Silica Gels

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-457-463 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 457 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yurii I. Aristov ◽

Mikhail M. Tokarev ◽

Gaetano Cacciola ◽

Giovanni Restuccia ◽

Gaetano DiMarco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermodynamic Properties ◽

Partial Pressure ◽

Specific Heat ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Silica Gels ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Sorbed Water ◽

Vapor Partial Pressure ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

ABSTRACTHere we present physical and chemical properties of CaCl2/H2O and LiBr/H2O systems confined to nanopores of silica gels. Sorption isobars, isosters and isotherms were measured at temperature 293 – 423K and vapor partial pressure 8–133 mbar. Specific heat of the systems was found as a function of temperature (300 – 400K) and sorbed water content (0 – 53 wt.%). Solidification/melting diagrams were measured over 170 – 320K temperature range at salt concentrations 0–50 wt.%. The results obtained evidenced a significant change in the thermodynamic properties of CaCl2/H2O and LiBr/H2O systems due to confinement to the silica gel micropores.

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Influences of Nano–Effect on Thermodynamic Properties of Solid–liquid Interfaces: Theoretical and Experimental Researches

CrystEngComm ◽

10.1039/d1ce00906k ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Huijuan Duan ◽

Zuohui Cheng ◽

Yongqiang Xue ◽

Jinzhong Zhao ◽

Meihong Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermodynamic Properties ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Interfacial Properties ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Liquid Interfaces ◽

Solid Liquid ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Experimental Researches ◽

And Chemical Properties

The unique physical and chemical properties of nanoparticles are closely related to the interfacial properties which depend on nano–effect. Herein, we analyzed theoretically the relationships of interfacial thermodynamic properties with...

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Production of lettuce seedlings in substrates with tung compost, carbonized rice husk and earthworm humus

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-053620170204 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 174-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maristela Watthier ◽

Magnólia AS Silva ◽

José E Schwengber ◽

Maria H Fermino ◽

Tiago V Custódio

Keyword(s):

Rice Husk ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Total Porosity ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Dry Density ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Shoot Mass ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

ABSTRACT Different properties of substrates based on tung compost (TC), carbonized rice husk (CRH) and earthworm humus (H) were analyzed, besides the effect of the formulations on the production of lettuce seedlings, cv. Veneranda. The experiment was carried out in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, from December 2012 to February 2013, in a greenhouse, using completely randomized design with seven treatments and three replications. The used substrates were formulated on a volume basis: T1= commercial substrate S10® (control); T2= 90% carbonized rice husk (CRH) + 10% humus (H); T3= 75% CRH + 15% tung compost (TC) + 10% H; T4= 55% CRH + 35% TC + 10% H; T5= 35% CRH + 55% TC + 10% H; T6= 15% CRH + 75% TC + 10% H; T7= 90% TC + 10% H. Seedlings were produced in polystyrene trays with 200 cells, being evaluated 35 days after sowing. The substrate with larger proportion of CRH (T2 with 90% CRH) showed suitable dry density (DD) and total porosity (TP), high pH and aeration space (AS), low easily available water (EAW), electric conductivity (EC), and nutrient content, constituting an inert substrate, not being indicated as substrate due to the lower development of the seedlings. Using 15% TC, an increase was noticed in DD, AEW, EC and nutrients and, a decrease in TP, AS and pH due to, mainly, the size of tung compost particles, which accommodated themselves and altered physical and chemical properties of the substrates. Substrates with 90% and 75% TC (T7 and T6) provided the greatest shoot length, fresh and dry shoot mass and leaf area for lettuce seedlings due to higher nutrient content, also considering physical and chemical properties of these substrates. Pure CRH is not indicated to be used as substrate, but mixed with tung compost (T6), it provides high quality seedlings. Tung compost was effective in producing lettuce seedlings, since the composting is able to eliminate phytotoxic substances from this material which can hinder the seedling growth.

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Characterization of Physical and Chemical Properties of Effervescent Tablets Temulawak (Curcuma zanthorrhiza) in the Various Proportion of Sodium Bicarbonate and Tartaric Acid

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202014203006 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 ◽

pp. 03006

Author(s):

Herlina ◽

Nita Kuswardhani ◽

Maria Belgis ◽

Adinda Tiara

Keyword(s):

Sodium Bicarbonate ◽

Water Content ◽

Tartaric Acid ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Ash Content ◽

Physical And Chemical Properties ◽

Randomized Design ◽

The Right ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of comparative treatment of the proportion of Sodium bicarbonate and tartaric acid on the physical and chemical properties of effervescent tablets temulawak, as well as knowing the proportions of sodium bicarbonate and tartaric acid right to produce a good effervescent tablets temulawak. The research method uses a single completely randomized design namely the ratio of sodium bicarbonate: tartaric acid, (F1 = 2.0: 2.5; F2 = 2.5: 2.0; F3 = 3.0; 1.3; F4 = 3 , 5: 1,0, and F5 = 4.0: 0.5y). each treatment was repeated 3 (three) times. The resulted data were analyzed by ANOVA test. The results showed that the proportion of sodium bicarbonate and tartaric acid significantly affected color lightness, hardness, hygroscopicity, solubility times, water content, ash content, and not significantly affect viscosity and pH. The right proportion of sodium bicarbonate acid tartaric acid for making effervescent tablets temulawak is A1 treatment (proportion of sodium bicarbonate and tartaric acid 2.0: 2.5) with the attributes of water content of 66.72%, hardness of 2.20 kg, hygroscopicity of 25.43 g, solubility times of 35 seconds, viscosity 1.75 MPa.S, water content 1.19%, ash content 3.10%, and pH = 5.1.

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