scholarly journals Dietary effect of Alstonia Boonei stem bark extract on hematological profiles of Wistar albino rats after inducing oxidative stress with CCl4

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Robert I. Uroko ◽  
Victor E. Okpashi ◽  
Bayim P.R. Bayim ◽  
Anthony U. Onwuekwe ◽  
Kate M. Ucho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

scholarly journals Toxicological Effects of Ethanolic Stem Bark Extract of Xylopia Aethiopica on Testicular Oxidative Stress Markers and Histology of Male Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Elias Adikwu ◽  
Ben Ehigiator
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Testicular Function ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Xylopia Aethiopica

Impairment in testicular function can occur through perturbations in testicular oxidative stress markers and histology. Xylopia aethiopica (XE) is used to enhance fertility in males, but with information gap on its effect on testicular oxidative stress markers and histology. The present study assessed the effects of ethanolic stem bark extract of Xylopia aethiopica (EEXA) on testicular oxidative stress markers and histology of male albino rats. Sixty adult male albino rats (200g-250g) were randomly grouped into 4 (A-D) of 15 rats per group. The rats in the control group A (A1-A3) were administered per oral (p.o) with water (0.2 mL/day) for 15, 30 and 60 days respectively. The rats in groups B (B1-B3), C(C1-C3) and D (D1-D3) were administered p.o with EEXA (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg/day) for 15, 30 and 60 days respectively. The rats were anesthetized at the termination of EEXA administration and were dissected and testes removed. The testes were weighed and evaluated for oxidative stress markers and histology. Testicular weights were decreased in a dose and-time dependent fashion in EEXA-treated rats. Significant decreases in testicular superoxide dismutase, glutathione, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase levels with significant increases in malondialdehyde levels in a dose and time-dependent fashion were observed in rats administered with EEXA. Testicular histology showed cellular necrosis, degeneration and loss of interstitial tissues in rats administered with EEXA. This study observed that EEXA perturbed testicular oxidative markers and histology. Its use may impair testicular function.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidants effects of Methanol Stem Bark Extract of Eucalyptus Camaldulensis in Wister Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Jude Nwaogu ◽  
Babangida Abubakar ◽  
Mustapha Sahabi Aliyu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Aim: The aim is to evaluate the antioxidant potentials of Eucalyptus camaldulensis methanol stem bark extract (ECMSBE) on Wister albino rats. Methodology: The phytochemical screening of ECMSBE was conducted using standard methods. A total of 36 albino rats were used for the antioxidant studies. The rats were divided into six (6) groups of six rats. Control group received distilled water orally at 2ml/kg. Oxidative stress was induced in groups 2 to group 6 CCl4 (1ml/kg, s.c) at every 72hrs for 10 days. Group 2 was untreated while groups 3 – 6 received doses of 50, 100, 150 and 200mg/kg of ECMSBE respectively. On the 11th day, the rats were sacrificed and the liver was removed and homogenised and oxidative stress parameters were determined. Results: Phytochemical analysis of ECMSBE revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, glycosides, steroids, terpenoids and resins. There was no significant difference (P<.05) between the CCl4 induced group and the group treated with ECMSBE (50mg/kg). However, their concentrations were significantly different from the group treated with ECMSBE (100mg/kg – 200mg/kg) when compared to the group treated with CCl4 Only. The CCl4-induced group had its vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin E concentrations significant different (P<.05) from the groups treated with ECMSBE (100, 150 and 200mg/kg body weight). There was no significant difference (P>.05) in the levels of SOD, CAT and GPx between the group induced with CCl4 only and the group treated with ECMSBE (50mg/kg), however, it these concentrations were significantly higher (P<.05). The enzymatic antioxidants concentration in the normal control group was not significantly different (P>.05) when compared the group that was treated with ECMSBE (200mg/kg) Conclusion: The result suggest that the extract of E. camaldulensis possessed antioxidant properties which can be used as effective protecting agents against oxidative stress and other diseases.

scholarly journals Hepato-protective potentials of Sterculia setigera stem-bark extract on acetominophen induced hepato toxicity in Wistar albino rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (29) ◽  
pp. 557-562
Author(s):  
M. H. Garba ◽  
M. L. Sherifat ◽  
A. O. Abdul-Majeed ◽  
L. M. Hafsa ◽  
A.B. Awal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

scholarly journals Sub-Acute Toxicity Effects of Methanolic Stem Bark Extract of Entada abyssinica on Biochemical, Haematological and Histopathological Parameters in Wistar Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Baker Obakiro ◽  
Ambrose Kiprop ◽  
Elizabeth Kigondu ◽  
Isaac K’owino ◽  
Kenedy Kiyimba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Hematological Indices ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Toxicity Effects

Background: Whereas the efficacy of Entada abyssinica (fabaceae) extracts against various ailments has been scientifically validated, its safety has not been established. This study was undertaken to evaluate the toxicity effects of methanolic stem bark extract of E. abyssinica on biochemical, haematological and histological parameters of Wistar albino rats following repeated oral administration.Methods: Wistar albino rats of both sexes were randomized into groups and orally administered daily with determined doses (150, 300 and 600 mg/kg) of E. abyssinica methanolic extract using 1% tween 80 in distilled water as a control for 28 days. On the 29th day, all the animals were sacrificed and dissected to collect blood and selected organs. The serum and whole blood were assayed for biochemical and haematological parameters respectively while selected organs were examined for histopathological lesions. Numerical data was analyzed using graph pad prism and expressed as mean ± standard error of mean. The differences between the treatment and control groups were tested for statistical significance using one-way analysis of variance and/or Student’s t-test.Results: In repeated daily oral doses (150, 300 and 600 mg/kg), the methanolic stem bark extract of E. abyssinica did not cause significant alteration in majority of the biochemical and hematological indices. However, the extract significantly elevated the level of uric acid (all doses), aspartate aminotransferase (300 and 600 mg/kg), low density lipoproteins (150 mg/kg) and mean corpuscular heamoglobin concentration (all doses). On the other hand, the extracts reduced high density lipoproteins (150 and 300 mg/kg), mean corpuscular volume (all doses), haematocrit (150 and 600 mg/kg), mean platelet volume (150 and 600 mg/kg) and procalcitonin (150 mg/kg). In the vital organs, there were no significant lesions observed except at the highest dose (600 mg/kg) where there was mild evidence of lymphocyte infiltration in the liver and focal interstitial nephritis.Conclusion: The methanolic stem bark extract of E. abyssinica is relatively safe in Wistar albino rats when repetitively administered orally in small doses for a prolonged period of time. We recommend more chronic toxicity studies and clinical trials on herbal remedies containing this plant to ensure that its use is free of potential toxicity to humans.

Neuroprotective Effects of the Anthocleista Schweinfurthii Gilg. (Loganiaceae) Stem Bark Extract in Postmenopause-Like Model of Ovariectomized Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ngoungoure Madeleine Chantal ◽  
Dzeufiet Djomeni Paul Désiré ◽  
Bilanda Danielle Caude ◽  
Mengue Ngandena Yolande Sandrine ◽  
Mbolang Nguegang Lohik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Estradiol Valerate ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Abstract Background Estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal period causes severe neuroendocrine changes in brain which influences memory and other nervous functions. Anthocleista schweinfurthii is used traditionally to treat female infertility and menopause related symptoms. This study was performed to investigate the potential neuroprotective effects of aqueous extract of Anthocleista schweinfurthii on brain in a postmenopause-like model of ovariectomized Wistar rats. Methods Thirty animals were sham-operated or ovariectomized (Ovx) 84 days after surgery, six groups of five rats each were daily treated orally during 28 days with: distilled water for groups 1 (sham-operated) and 2 (Ovx), estradiol valerate (group 3) and the three doses of extracts {groups 4, 5 and 6 (Ovx)}. Biochemical and histological evaluations focused on brain. Results Compared to sham-operated control, ovariectomy decreased total protein levels in brain (p<0.01) which was increased by plant extract at the dose of 300 mg/kg (p<0.05), underlying its anabolic properties. Ovariectomy significantly decreased magnesium levels in brain (p<0.001). Anthocleista schweinfurthii increased significantly magnesium levels (p<0.01), showing its capacity to act on synaptic conduction. Ovariectomy induced oxidative stress by increasing malondialdehyde levels (p<0.05) and decreasing reduced glutathione levels (p<0.05) in brain. The plant extract exhibited antioxidative activity by reducing malondialdehyde levels and increasing glutathione levels in brain. Damage in brain structure which was caused by ovariectomy disappeared following the treatment. Conclusions Results suggest that Anthocleista schweinfurthii may have neuroprotective effects in Ovx Wistar rats by increasing total protein, magnesium levels and reducing oxidative stress in brain.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ETHANOL STEM BARK EXTRACT OF BERLINIA GRANDIFLORA HUTCH AND DALZ ON MARKER LIVER ENZYMES IN RATS TREATED WITH CCl4

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Martin Ntiamoah Donkor ◽  
Samuel Yawson Ayikanle ◽  
Samuel Adoesomdonkor
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Stem Bark Extract ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The objective of this work was to validate the traditional claim of the use of the stem bark of Berlinia grandiflora in treating liver problems by investigating the effect of its ethanol stem bark extract on maker liver enzymes in vivo.Methods: Groups of Wistar albino rats (6 in each group) were daily treated with CCl4 (2 ml/kg b.w., diluted with olive oil 1:1 v/v, intravenously), followed by oral administration of ethanol stem bark extract of Berlinia grandiflora (ESBG) at doses 100, 300 and 900 mg/kg b.w. respectively, 3 h after the administration of the CCl4. Serum biochemical parameters were measured 24 h at the end of the 7-day treatment period and compared to a group intoxicated with CCl4 (2 ml/kg b.w., diluted with olive oil 1:1 v/v, intravenously) alone.Results: Treatment of rats with ESBG (at doses 100, 300 and 900 mg/kg b.w. orally) reduced the impact of CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity on liver maker enzymes Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin (TB), with the 900 mg/kg b.w. showing a significant reduction (p<0.05) compared to the group intoxicated with CCl4. The extract reversed the impact of the CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity by increasing the concentration of the serum Total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB), with the 900 mg/kg b.w. dose showing a significant increment (p<0.05) compared to the group intoxicated with the CCl4.Conclusion: The investigation of the effect of Berlinia grandiflora on CCl4 induced liver damage revealed that the ethanol extract of the stem bark of the plant was able to reverse the hepatotoxicity, with the 900 mg/kg b.w. dose showing a significant activity. 

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