Hepato-protective potentials of Sterculia setigera stem-bark extract on acetominophen induced hepato toxicity in Wistar albino rats

Background: Whereas the efficacy of Entada abyssinica (fabaceae) extracts against various ailments has been scientifically validated, its safety has not been established. This study was undertaken to evaluate the toxicity effects of methanolic stem bark extract of E. abyssinica on biochemical, haematological and histological parameters of Wistar albino rats following repeated oral administration.Methods: Wistar albino rats of both sexes were randomized into groups and orally administered daily with determined doses (150, 300 and 600 mg/kg) of E. abyssinica methanolic extract using 1% tween 80 in distilled water as a control for 28 days. On the 29th day, all the animals were sacrificed and dissected to collect blood and selected organs. The serum and whole blood were assayed for biochemical and haematological parameters respectively while selected organs were examined for histopathological lesions. Numerical data was analyzed using graph pad prism and expressed as mean ± standard error of mean. The differences between the treatment and control groups were tested for statistical significance using one-way analysis of variance and/or Student’s t-test.Results: In repeated daily oral doses (150, 300 and 600 mg/kg), the methanolic stem bark extract of E. abyssinica did not cause significant alteration in majority of the biochemical and hematological indices. However, the extract significantly elevated the level of uric acid (all doses), aspartate aminotransferase (300 and 600 mg/kg), low density lipoproteins (150 mg/kg) and mean corpuscular heamoglobin concentration (all doses). On the other hand, the extracts reduced high density lipoproteins (150 and 300 mg/kg), mean corpuscular volume (all doses), haematocrit (150 and 600 mg/kg), mean platelet volume (150 and 600 mg/kg) and procalcitonin (150 mg/kg). In the vital organs, there were no significant lesions observed except at the highest dose (600 mg/kg) where there was mild evidence of lymphocyte infiltration in the liver and focal interstitial nephritis.Conclusion: The methanolic stem bark extract of E. abyssinica is relatively safe in Wistar albino rats when repetitively administered orally in small doses for a prolonged period of time. We recommend more chronic toxicity studies and clinical trials on herbal remedies containing this plant to ensure that its use is free of potential toxicity to humans.

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EFFECT OF ETHANOL STEM BARK EXTRACT OF BERLINIA GRANDIFLORA HUTCH AND DALZ ON MARKER LIVER ENZYMES IN RATS TREATED WITH CCl4

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i10.27376 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 69

Author(s):

Martin Ntiamoah Donkor ◽

Samuel Yawson Ayikanle ◽

Samuel Adoesomdonkor

Keyword(s):

Olive Oil ◽

Liver Enzymes ◽

Day Treatment ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Significant Activity ◽

Stem Bark Extract ◽

The Impact

Objective: The objective of this work was to validate the traditional claim of the use of the stem bark of Berlinia grandiflora in treating liver problems by investigating the effect of its ethanol stem bark extract on maker liver enzymes in vivo.Methods: Groups of Wistar albino rats (6 in each group) were daily treated with CCl4 (2 ml/kg b.w., diluted with olive oil 1:1 v/v, intravenously), followed by oral administration of ethanol stem bark extract of Berlinia grandiflora (ESBG) at doses 100, 300 and 900 mg/kg b.w. respectively, 3 h after the administration of the CCl4. Serum biochemical parameters were measured 24 h at the end of the 7-day treatment period and compared to a group intoxicated with CCl4 (2 ml/kg b.w., diluted with olive oil 1:1 v/v, intravenously) alone.Results: Treatment of rats with ESBG (at doses 100, 300 and 900 mg/kg b.w. orally) reduced the impact of CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity on liver maker enzymes Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin (TB), with the 900 mg/kg b.w. showing a significant reduction (p<0.05) compared to the group intoxicated with CCl4. The extract reversed the impact of the CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity by increasing the concentration of the serum Total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB), with the 900 mg/kg b.w. dose showing a significant increment (p<0.05) compared to the group intoxicated with the CCl4.Conclusion: The investigation of the effect of Berlinia grandiflora on CCl4 induced liver damage revealed that the ethanol extract of the stem bark of the plant was able to reverse the hepatotoxicity, with the 900 mg/kg b.w. dose showing a significant activity.

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Effect of carissa edulis (VAHL) apocynaceae stem bark on hematological parameters in ccl¬4 induced albino rats

International Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology ◽

10.14419/ijpt.v9i1.31289 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 28

Author(s):

Y. Y. Izam ◽

B. B. Bukar

Keyword(s):

Hematological Parameters ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Normal Control Group ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Stem Bark Extract ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Hematological Effect

Aim/Objectives: There are claims that Carissa edulis has positive effects on hematological parameters. The present study was conducted to evaluate the safety and claimed hematological effect of Carissa edulis on rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride.Method: Thirty six male albino rats were randomly allotted to six groups of six rats per group. The animals were treated with (250, 500 and 1000mg/kg of the stem bark extract of Carissa edulis. The extract was administered daily by gavage to the animals for 28 consecutive days. The 50%v/v Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and olive oil was gavaged twice a week. The animals of the normal control group were given 5ml/kg of distilled water while those of the CCl4 group were administered CCl4 only twice a week.Result: Results of the study showed that the CCl4 group caused a significant decrease in most of the hematological parameters while the extract treated groups showed a significant increase in these parameters.Discussion / Conclusion: This suggests that the ethanolic stem bark extract has erythropoietic, thrombopoietic and positive effect on the immune system.

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Toxicological Effects of Ethanolic Stem Bark Extract of Xylopia Aethiopica on Testicular Oxidative Stress Markers and Histology of Male Rats

Biology Medicine & Natural Product Chemistry ◽

10.14421/biomedich.2020.91.33-37 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 33-37

Author(s):

Elias Adikwu ◽

Ben Ehigiator

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Testicular Function ◽

Oxidative Stress Markers ◽

Stress Markers ◽

Stem Bark Extract ◽

Xylopia Aethiopica

Impairment in testicular function can occur through perturbations in testicular oxidative stress markers and histology. Xylopia aethiopica (XE) is used to enhance fertility in males, but with information gap on its effect on testicular oxidative stress markers and histology. The present study assessed the effects of ethanolic stem bark extract of Xylopia aethiopica (EEXA) on testicular oxidative stress markers and histology of male albino rats. Sixty adult male albino rats (200g-250g) were randomly grouped into 4 (A-D) of 15 rats per group. The rats in the control group A (A1-A3) were administered per oral (p.o) with water (0.2 mL/day) for 15, 30 and 60 days respectively. The rats in groups B (B1-B3), C(C1-C3) and D (D1-D3) were administered p.o with EEXA (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg/day) for 15, 30 and 60 days respectively. The rats were anesthetized at the termination of EEXA administration and were dissected and testes removed. The testes were weighed and evaluated for oxidative stress markers and histology. Testicular weights were decreased in a dose and-time dependent fashion in EEXA-treated rats. Significant decreases in testicular superoxide dismutase, glutathione, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase levels with significant increases in malondialdehyde levels in a dose and time-dependent fashion were observed in rats administered with EEXA. Testicular histology showed cellular necrosis, degeneration and loss of interstitial tissues in rats administered with EEXA. This study observed that EEXA perturbed testicular oxidative markers and histology. Its use may impair testicular function.

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Toxicological studies of aqueous stem bark extract ofBoswellia dalzieliiin albino rats

Indian Journal of Pharmacology ◽

10.4103/0253-7613.27707 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 38 (5) ◽

pp. 359 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

EU Etuk ◽

BM Agaie ◽

PA Onyeyili ◽

CU Ottah

Keyword(s):

Stem Bark ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Toxicological Studies ◽

Stem Bark Extract

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SCREENING OF STEM BARK EXTRACT OF BAUHINIA VARIEGATA LINN. FOR PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY

Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.32553/jbpr.v9i3.751 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Shubham S. Gawas ◽

M.H.S. Godinho

Keyword(s):

Elevated Plus Maze ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Bark Extract ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Stress Model ◽

Plus Maze ◽

Stem Bark Extract ◽

Bauhinia Variegata ◽

Dunnett's Test

Bauhinia variegata named orchid tree, belongs to the family leguminosae. The methanolic extract of Bauhinia variegata (MEBV) revealed the presence of carbohydrates, proteins, tannins, steroids, triterpenoids and flavonoids. Various CNS models were used to find out the antianxiety activity of Bauhinia variegata. The study was designed to evaluate the antianxiety activity of stem bark extract of Bauhinia variegata. The effect of dried stem bark of Bauhinia variegata (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) was evaluated using Elevated Plus Maze, Light and Dark Box, Restrained Stress Model and Novelty Suppressed Feeding Test using a wistar albino rats (n=6) and was statistically analyzed using ONE WAY Annova followed by Dunnett’s test. Oral administration of the methanolic extract of Bauhinia variegata (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) showed significant increase in %OAE and %TSOA values for EPM, NEL and TSL values in Light and Dark Box, Restrained Stress Model showed significant increase in %OAE and %TSOA and NEL and TSL values. Novelty suppressed feeding behaivior test showed significantly lower values for latency to feed.From the present study it may be concluded that among both the test groups, MEBV at a dose of 400 mg/kg was found to possess significant anti-anxiety activity. Keywords: EPM- Elevated Plus Maze, NEL- Number of Entries in Light, TSL- Time spent in light.

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