Rozdzióbią nas kruki, wrony…, czyli Powstanie Styczniowe na ziemiach igołomsko-wawrzeńczyckiego powiśla / We will be pecked by ravens, crows…, or the January Uprising in the Igołomia-Wawrzeńczyce region on the Vistula River

2020 ◽  
pp. 213-233
Author(s):  
Jerzy Kozik
Keyword(s):  
Main Part ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Local History ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Vistula River ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Local Farmers

The presented chapter describes the events that took place in the area of Igołomia and Wawrzeńczyce during the January Uprising of 1863–1864. These lands, being the southernmost part of the Russian Empire, bordering the Austrian Empire, witnessed in the first year of the uprising of a series of skirmishes of varying intensity. The main part of the study focuses on the presentation of military events, including the causes and courses of two battles fought at Igołomia in March and May 1863. Much space in particular is devoted to the second battle of Igołomia, from May 4, 1863, whose significance goes far beyond the issues of local history. An equally important part of the article is an attempt to present the attitudes of the peasant population towards the insurgent events of 1863–1864. Discussion of this issue was preceded by a brief description of the socio-economic situation of the former Miechów district in the pre-uprising period, with particular emphasis on the lands of the today commune of Igołomia-Wawrzeńczyce. The paper also presents the figures of two local farmers involved in activities for insurgents, an exception in the context of the general indifference of this social layer towards the idea of an uprising.

On the history of the title and surname inheritance of Counts Perovsky by Mikhail Mikhailovich Petrovo-Solovovo in 1907: legal norms and archival reconstruction of circumstances

2019 ◽  
pp. 250-259
Author(s):  
Kseniia Donik
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Transfer Process ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Local History ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
New Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire

We highlight unknown circumstances of the title and surname transfer of Counts Perovsky to M.M. Petrovo-Solovovo – a statesman, a representative of an ancient aristocratic family who owned an estate in the Kirsanovsky County of the Tambov Governorate on the basis of new archive sources that were not previously introduced into scientific circulation. In various local history interpretations, modern periodicals that somehow transmit a historical narrative about the last owner of the Karay-Saltykovsky estate, there is a wide variety of versions of how M.M. Petrovo-Solovovo became Count Perovsky (mainly the title inheritance from mother is men-tioned). The purpose of this study is a detailed reconstruction of the titled surname Perovsky transfer in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Empire at the beginning of the twentieth century. Methodologically the study is based on historiographic criticism of documents and analysis of legislation on noble surnames based on the data of genealogical studies of different years. We pay special attention to the historical context of the analyzed events. We prove that the transfer initiative came from M.M. Petrovo-Solovovo’s aunt – maid of honor of the Empress, Countess V.B. Perovskaya, who, having previously secured the permission of the emperor, was able to begin the formal transfer process, although under the law as a female person she did not have such rights. We introduce new information both in Russian genealogical historiography as a whole, and in the history of the Petrovo-Solovovo clan and Tambov’s local history in particular.

scholarly journals FRIEDRICH BRAUELL: LIFE AND RESEARCH

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-142
Author(s):  
M. V. Trushin
Keyword(s):  
Main Part ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Veterinary Science ◽  
Academic Degree ◽  
History Of ◽  
Veterinary School ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
First Time ◽  
Russian Medical

The article, written on the basis of data from the Russian and European archives, is the most complete biography of the famous figure of the Russian medical and veterinary science of the middle of the XIX century Friedrich Brauell, one of the pioneers of anthrax research. The article describes in detail the period of formation of F. Brauell as a scientist – his education received in Germany, visit to the Russian Empire for service, confirmation of academic degree received at homeland. His first steps in the field of teaching and science at Kazan University are discussed in details, his efforts to create a collection of anatomical preparations are described. The main part of the article is devoted to his work in Derpat (Tartu) Veterinary School, where he fully revealed his talent as a major organizer of scientific and educational activities. Particular attention is paid to its study of the problem of anthrax and plague. In addition, the article deals with the issues of his personal life and family for the first time. Thus, the material contained in the article can be useful for scientists studying the history of medicine, infectious diseases and veterinary medicine.

scholarly journals В. Н. Татищев и вопросы улучшения экономического положения калмыцкого народа

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 910-918
Author(s):  
Maksim M. Batmaev ◽  
◽  
Pyotr M. Koltsov ◽  
Savr M. Murgaev ◽  
Semyon A. Umgaev
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Private Communication ◽  
The People ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Russian Empire

Introduction. This article is devoted to the activities of Vasily Nikitich Tatishchev, when Astrakhan governor (1741–1745) responsible for the affairs of the Kalmyk steppes. It is aimed to examine his projects designed to amend the impoverishment of the broad masses of Kalmyks often left without their livestock, even without horses. The question was raised by Tatishchev himself; the governor was worried about its political implications because Kalmyks without horses were of no use for the Russian Empire. Materials and methods. The article is based on archival materials, as well as the historiography that sheds light on Tatishchev as the statesman and politician. Results. The governor repeatedly discussed the issues of the worsened social-economic situation of the people with the Kalmyk namestnik (leader) Donduk Dashi, both on official occasions and in private communication. He had various explanations for their economical degradation, pointing out the difference in the nomads’ situation of the 1840s as compared with that in Khan Ayuka’s time. His involvement in the issues concerning fishing and seasonal work of the impoverished Kalmyks shows that the governor seemed to be interested in helping them, but his projects to improve the Kalmyks’ socio-economic situation were largely unsuccessful. The reasons for the failure may be found both in the resistance of the Kalmyk rulers and zaisangs and the general weaknesses of the administration when dealing with the steppe affairs.

Urban History in Scandinavia: A survey of recent trends

Urban History ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 46-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Hammarström
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Urban History ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Local History ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
The Russian Empire

Urban history in Scandinavian countries has long been practised mainly in the form of individual town histories, a large number of which have been written by local amateurs. Among professional historians, however, local history (including the history of towns, parishes and regions) has been of interest since the late-nineteenth century, and has been especially popular in Norway and Finland. This may have to do with the fact that these two countries did not become independent until 1905 and 1917 respectively. The Swedish-Norwegian union of 1814–1905 had been preceded by Norway's incorporation into the Danish kingdom from 1536 on, and Finland's inclusion in the Russian empire as a semi-autonomous grand duchy between 1809 and 1917 had been preceded by her incorporation into the Swedish kingdom since the Middle Ages. These facts must be kept in mind in order to realize why historical research in Scandinavia has so many topics and features in common. They also explain some of the differences, such as why historians in Norway and Finland to a greater extent than in Sweden and Denmark should have turned to local history both before and after having achieved independence, in order to strengthen the conciousness of national identity in the two countries. Although there was much interest in rural local history, town history also got its share. There are very few towns – if any – in Norway and Finland that have not had their histories written; in Denmark and Sweden urban and local history also became increasingly popular in the 1920s and 1930s.

The Parish Question in the Reviews of Diocesan Bishops in 1905-1906

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 525-556
Author(s):  
Alexey Beglov
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Church Reform ◽  
Parish Clergy ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Right

The article examines the views of the bishops of the Orthodox Russian Church on the prospects for the transformation of the Orthodox parish of the Russian Empire, reflected in the literary monument of church thought of the beginning of the 20th century – the “Comments of the Diocesan Bishops on Issues of Church Reform” of 1905–1906. The author shows that the bishops viewed the parish question in conjunction with other aspects of church reform, and sometimes with the general socio-economic situation in the empire. The bishops’ view of parish reform was quite broad. They spoke about the possible autonomy of parish communities, about the possibility of allowing parishioners to dispose of the parish property and giving them the right to intercede for a candidate they knew when nominating members of the parish clergy. At the same time, the author notes that almost none of the diocesan bishops who supported parish reforms in the “Comments”, responded to the Synod’s call to begin parish reform in 1906.

scholarly journals The Popular Base of Ukrainian Nationalism in 1917

Slavic Review ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L. Guthier
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
First Year ◽  
Central Authority ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
National Movement ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Democratic Elections ◽  
National Governments

In 1917, Ukrainian nationalists took advantage of the deterioration of central authority in the Russian Empire to make a bid for Ukrainian self-determination. The struggle for Ukrainian statehood continued under three successive national governments until 1920.The first year of the revolution, however, is crucial to understanding the evolution of the national movement in the Ukraine. In 1917, the Ukraine was as free of Russian interference and military occupation as it would be during the era of revolution and civil war. Ukrainian institutions and parties developed in freedom, democratic elections exposed the Ukrainian masses to nationalist agitation and measured their response, and the Russian government was forced to deal with the Ukraine as a distinct political entity.

D. I. Mendeleev’s “cherished thoughts” on foreign trade and “proper protectionism”

2020 ◽  
pp. 120-139
Author(s):  
T. N. Belova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Foreign Trade Policy ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Industrial Economy ◽  
The North ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
American Scholar ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Competition Growth

Foreign trade policy and its role in the economic growth of the national economy are considered through the prism of history and comparison of the formation of the industrial economy in the Russian Empire and the North American United States. The author compares the protectionism of D. I. Mendeleev, described in his economic works, and the free trade thinking of the American scholar W. Sumner, who formulated the “misconceptions” of protectionism. Mendeleev’s proper protectionism is grounded on the basic principles (incentivizing internal competition, growth of consumption, bringing up of new industries ), which are relevant for contemporary Russia. The author gives a typical example of the formation and decline of the factory industry using the case of mirror factories in the Ryazan province. These historical analogies, the paper argues, are necessary for the correct assessment of the current situation and for coming up with valid solutions aimed at the development of the Russian economy.

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