scholarly journals FTO Variant, Energy Intake, Physical Activity and Basal Metabolic Rate in Caucasians. The HAPIEE Study

2011 ◽  
pp. 175-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. HUBÁČEK ◽  
H. PIKHART ◽  
A. PEASEY ◽  
R. KUBÍNOVÁ ◽  
M. BOBÁK
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity

The FTO gene variants are the most important genetic determinants of body weight and obesity known so far, but the mechanism of their effect remains unclear. We have analyzed FTO rs17817449 variant (G>T in first intron) in 6024 adults aged 45-69 years to assess the potential mediating role of diet and physical activity. Diet was assessed by a 140-item food frequency questionnaire. Physical activity was measured by hours spent during a typical week by sport, walking and other activities outside of work requiring heavy and medium physical activity. Basal metabolic rate was calculated according Schofield formula. The FTO variant was significantly associated with body mass index (means in GG, GT and TT carriers were 28.7, 28.2 and 27.8 kg/m2, p<0.001) and basal metabolic rate (BMR) (means in GG, GT and TT were 1603, 1588 and 1576 kcal per day, respectively, p<0.008) but it was not associated with physical activity, total energy intake or with energy intakes from fat, carbohydrates, proteins or alcohol. Results were essentially similar in men and women and the adjustment for physical activity or dietary energy intake did not reduce the effect of the FTO polymorphism. Means of BMR per kg of body weight was lowest in GG carriers (20.09, 20.21 for GT and 20.30 for TT, p<0.006) and this effect was more pronounced in females. These results suggest that the effect of the FTO rs17817449 variant on BMI in Caucasian adults is not mediated by energy intake or physical activity, but some effect on BMR per kg of body weight is possible.

Variation of the basal metabolic rate and dietary energy intake of Colombian women during 1 y

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
G B Spurr ◽  
D L Dufour ◽  
J C Reina ◽  
R G Hoffmann ◽  
C I Waslien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Dietary Energy Intake ◽  
Colombian Women

scholarly journals The effect of reducing dietary energy density via the addition of water to a dry diet, on body weight, energy intake and physical activity in adult neutered cats

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet E. Alexander ◽  
Alison Colyer ◽  
Penelope J. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Healthy Body Weight ◽  
Dry Diet ◽  
Healthy Body

AbstractIncreasingly domestic cats live in an overfeeding and underexercising environment where obesity is a major health concern. One strategy to aid healthy body weight maintenance is dietary energy dilution. Published data indicate that increasing dietary moisture content leads to a reduction in energy intake and increased activity. However, a number of different methodologies were employed in these studies and associated changes in physical activity have only been measured once. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of diets of three different moisture contents offered in excess of energy requirements, on body weight, energy intake and physical activity in adult neutered cats. Sixty-nine adult cats randomised into three groups, received 100 % of their daily individual maintenance energy requirements (IMER) of dry diet or dry diet hydrated to 40 or 80 % total moisture content (tmc). Baseline activity, intake, body weight and body composition were measured. Following this baseline phase, the cats received the same diets at 200 % of daily IMER and the measurements repeated over the next 28 d. When offered the diets at 200 % IMER, cats fed the dry diet significantly increased body weight and percentage of body fat (P < 0·01), while those offered the hydrated diets did not (P > 0·01). The levels of physical activity in cats offered the hydrated 80 % tmc diet were significantly (P < 0·01) higher than those offered the dry or 40 % tmc diet. We suggest that dietary energy dilution by addition of water may be a useful strategy for healthy body weight maintenance in overfed cats.

Growth and nutritional requirements

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Puntis
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Physiological Function ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Maintain Body Weight ◽  
Normal Physiological Function

Energy intake must equal energy expenditure to maintain body weight. For children to grow, energy intake must be greater than energy expenditure. Basal metabolic rate is the amount of energy needed to maintain normal physiological function. Nutrient requirements at different ages are widely available.

scholarly journals Influence of dietary energy intake on nephrolithiasis - A meta-analysis of observational studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Gianpaolo Perletti ◽  
Vittorio Magri ◽  
Pietro Manuel Ferraro ◽  
Emanuele Montanari ◽  
Alberto Trinchieri
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Dietary Energy Intake

Objective: Obesity has been associated with an increased risk of kidney stone formation. The presence of obesity is due to an imbalance between energy intake and energy consumption resulting from physical activity and resting metabolic rate. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the differences in dietary energy intake levels between patients developing urinary stones versus healthy individuals. Materials and methods: Medline/PubMed and EMBASE databases search was performed using the terms “urolithiasis”, “kidney stones*”, “calcul*”, “energy”, “calor*”, “intake”, “food”, “kilojoule/kjoule”, “Kilocal*/kcal” from January 1st, 2000, and were assessed as up to date on September 30th, 2019. Results: After having screened 1.782 records, four studies were included in the meta-analysis. The total population was 467.063, including 453.078 healthy men and/or women and 13.985 men and/or women affected by nephrolithiasis. When energy intake data were pooled irrespective of the sex of participants, mean calory intake values were significantly higher in nephrolithiasis patients, compared to healthy individuals. The mean difference (MD) was 39.16 kcal (95% CI 18.53 to 59.78, p = 0.0002, random-effects model, inverse-variance weighing). The odds ratio for this comparison – calculated from the standardized mean difference – is significant (OR = 1.946; 95% CI: 1.869 to 5.561). Conclusions: Patients affected by urolithiasis show a significantly higher energy intake in various patient populations (USA, China and Korea) including subjects of both sexes. The relevance of this finding should be confirmed by studies in populations showing different and diverse dietary patterns, and by evaluating energy consumption linked to physical activity and metabolic rate in renal stone formers.

scholarly journals Estimating my equilibrium energy intake during lockdown: very introspective study

BMJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. m4561
Author(s):  
R A Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Saturday Morning ◽  
Dietary Energy Intake ◽  
Body Weight Data ◽  
Tuesday Afternoon ◽  
Weight Data ◽  
At Home

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the daily dietary energy intake for me to maintain a constant body weight. How hard can it be?DesignVery introspective study.SettingAt home. In lockdown. (Except every Tuesday afternoon and Saturday morning, when I went for a run.)ParticipantsMe. n=1.Main outcome measuresMy weight, measured each day.ResultsSleeping, I shed about a kilogram each night (1.07 (SD 0.25) kg). Running 5 km, I shed about half a kilogram (0.57 (SD 0.15) kg). My daily equilibrium energy intake is about 10 000 kJ (10 286 (SD 201) kJ). Every kJ above (or below) 10 000 kJ adds (or subtracts) about 40 mg (35.4 (SD 3.2) mg).ConclusionsBody weight data show persistent variability, even when the screws of control are tightened and tightened.

Leptin Functioning in Eating Disorders

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palmiero Monteleone ◽  
Antonio DiLieto ◽  
Eloisa Castaldo ◽  
Mario Maj
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Abnormal Eating ◽  
The Brain

AbstractLeptin is an adipocyte-derived hormone, which is involved predominantly in the long-term regulation of body weight and energy balance by acting as a hunger suppressant signal to the brain. Leptin is also involved in the modulation of reproduction, immune function, physical activity, and some endogenous endocrine axes. Since anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are characterized by abnormal eating behaviors, dysregulation of endogenous endocrine axes, alterations of reproductive and immune functions, and increased physical activity, extensive research has been carried out in the last decade in order to ascertain a role of this hormone in the pathophysiology of these syndromes. In this article, we review the available data on leptin physiology in patients with eating disorders. These data support the idea that leptin is not directly involved in the etiology of AN or BN. However, malnutrition-induced alterations in its physiology may contribute to the genesis and/or the maintenance of some clinical manifestations of AN and BN and may have an impact on the prognosis of AN.

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