scholarly journals Role of CRISPR-Cas/9 in Hematological Disorders: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Disorders

scholarly journals Immune-Related Pancytopenia Induced by Anti-PD-1 Therapy – Interrupt or Continue Treatment – The Role of Immunohistochemical Examination

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 820-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bożena Cybulska-Stopa ◽  
Andrzej Gruchała ◽  
Maciej Niemiec
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Death Receptor ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Hematological Disorders ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Programmed Death

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (anti-CTLA-4) and anti-programmed death receptor-1/ligand-1 (anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1) caused a breakthrough in oncology and significantly improved therapeutic outcomes in cancer patients. ICIs generate a specific reaction in T cells, directed against antigens on cancer cells, leading to their damage and death. Through similar or the same antigens, activated lymphocytes may also have a cytotoxic effect on healthy cells, causing development of specific adverse effects – so-called immune-related adverse events (irAEs). We present the case report of a 56 year old patient with disseminated melanoma. During treatment with immunotherapy (anti PD-1), neutropenic fever and pancytopenia occurred. Trepanobiopsy of the bone marrow was performed to determine the cause of pancytopenia. Histopathological assessment of bone marrow combined with immunophenotype investigations may explain the cause of hematological disorders occurring in the course of treatment with ICIs, and support the choice of an appropriate treatment, directly translated into positive outcomes.

The role of splenectomy in autoimmune hematological disorders: Outdated or still worth considering?

Blood Reviews ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Sys ◽  
Drew Provan ◽  
Alexander Schauwvlieghe ◽  
Steven Vanderschueren ◽  
Daan Dierickx
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Disorders

scholarly journals Oxidation Impacts the Intracellular Signaling Machinery in Hematological Disorders

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 353
Author(s):  
Elena Tibaldi ◽  
Enrica Federti ◽  
Alessandro Matte ◽  
Iana Iatcenko ◽  
Anand B. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathways ◽  
Functional Connection ◽  
Intracellular Signaling Pathway ◽  
Hematological Disorders ◽  
Dynamic Coordination ◽  
Transduction Mechanisms

The dynamic coordination between kinases and phosphatases is crucial for cell homeostasis, in response to different stresses. The functional connection between oxidation and the intracellular signaling machinery still remains to be investigated. In the last decade, several studies have highlighted the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as modulators directly targeting kinases, phosphatases, and downstream modulators, or indirectly acting on cysteine residues on kinases/phosphatases resulting in protein conformational changes with modulation of intracellular signaling pathway(s). Translational studies have revealed the important link between oxidation and signal transduction pathways in hematological disorders. The intricate nature of intracellular signal transduction mechanisms, based on the generation of complex networks of different types of signaling proteins, revealed the novel and important role of phosphatases together with kinases in disease mechanisms. Thus, therapeutic approaches to abnormal signal transduction pathways should consider either inhibition of overactivated/accumulated kinases or homeostatic signaling resetting through the activation of phosphatases. This review discusses the progress in the knowledge of the interplay between oxidation and cell signaling, involving phosphatase/kinase systems in models of globally distributed hematological disorders.

Evolving Role of Pharmacogenetic Biomarkers to Predict Drug-Induced Hematological Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Pattanaik ◽  
Jasmina Ahluwalia ◽  
Arihant Jain
Keyword(s):  
Drug Induced ◽  
Hematological Disorders

scholarly journals The Role of Deubiquitinating Enzymes in Hematopoiesis and Hematological Malignancies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Sarodaya ◽  
Janardhan Karapurkar ◽  
Kye-Seong Kim ◽  
Seok-Ho Hong ◽  
Suresh Ramakrishna
Keyword(s):  
Drug Targets ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Deubiquitinating Enzymes ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Hematological Disorders ◽  
Additional Information

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are responsible for the production of blood cells throughout the human life span. Single HSCs can give rise to at least eight distinct blood cell lineages. Together, hematopoiesis, erythropoiesis and angiogenesis coordinate several biological processes, such as cellular interactions in development and proliferation, guided migration, lineage programming and reprogramming by transcription factors. Any dysregulation of these processes may result in hematological disorders and/or malignancies. Several studies of the molecular mechanisms governing HSC maintenance have demonstrated that protein regulation by the ubiquitin proteasomal pathway is crucial for normal HSC function. Recent studies have shown that the reversal of ubiquitination by deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) plays an equally important role in hematopoiesis; however, there is only limited additional information regarding the biological function of DUBs. In this review, we focus on recent discoveries that have led to a better understanding of the physiological roles of DUBs in hematopoiesis, erythropoiesis and angiogenesis. In addition, we discuss the DUBs associated with common hematological disorders and malignancies, which may potentially be therapeutic drug targets.

scholarly journals The Role of Deubiquitinating Enzymes in Hematopoiesis and Hematological Malignancies

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Sarodaya ◽  
Janardhan Karapurkar ◽  
Kye-Seong Kim ◽  
Seok-Ho Hong ◽  
Suresh Ramakrishna
Keyword(s):  
Drug Targets ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Cellular Interactions ◽  
Deubiquitinating Enzymes ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Hematological Disorders ◽  
Cell Lineages ◽  
Human Lifespan

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are responsible for the production of blood cells throughout the human lifespan. Single HSCs can give rise to at least eight distinct blood-cell lineages. Together, hematopoiesis, erythropoiesis, and angiogenesis coordinate several biological processes, i.e., cellular interactions during development and proliferation, guided migration, lineage programming, and reprogramming by transcription factors. Any dysregulation of these processes can result in hematological disorders and/or malignancies. Several studies of the molecular mechanisms governing HSC maintenance have demonstrated that protein regulation by the ubiquitin proteasomal pathway is crucial for normal HSC function. Recent studies have shown that reversal of ubiquitination by deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) plays an equally important role in hematopoiesis; however, information regarding the biological function of DUBs is limited. In this review, we focus on recent discoveries about the physiological roles of DUBs in hematopoiesis, erythropoiesis, and angiogenesis and discuss the DUBs associated with common hematological disorders and malignancies, which are potential therapeutic drug targets.

Capturing Alloreactivity in Multiple Myeloma

2009 ◽  
Vol 02 ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Gordon Cook ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Potential Donor ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Hematological Disorders ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Treatment Related Mortality ◽  
Related Mortality

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) has been utilized in the management of both malignant and non-malignant hematological disorders for several decades and has established its role in producing long-term remissions. In the context of multiple myeloma (MM), compared with conventional therapies alloSCT induces the highest rate of remissions, resulting in long-term disease-free survival in over 30% of patients. However, it is associated with the highest rate of treatment-related mortality of all the interventions for MM. Following the introduction of new biological agents for the management of MM, the question of what role alloSCT has in MM is raised. This article aims to review where we are with alloSCT in MM, drawing from our experience thus far to plan the future role of alloSCT if we are to capitalize on a potential donor antimyeloma immune therapeutic effect.

scholarly journals Noninvasive Assessment of Coronary Arteries in Patients with Hematologic Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Erzsébet Lázár ◽  
Péter Balázs Oltean ◽  
Laura Jáni ◽  
István Kovács ◽  
Tiberiu Nyulas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Present Knowledge ◽  
Hematologic Disorders ◽  
Hematological Disorders ◽  
Hematological Diseases ◽  
Cardiovascular Screening ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Noninvasive Assessment

AbstractHematological conditions and their treatments have an increased risk of cardiovascular events, and invasive interventions have a higher risk of periprocedural complications in this group of patients. The aim of this review was to evaluate the risk of invasive interventions in patients with hematologic disorders and to underline the role of noninvasive cardiovascular screening in patients with hematological disorders such as Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, anemia, hemophilia, thrombocythemia, polycythemia vera, and leukemia. Based on present knowledge in the field, our opinion is that the screening of patients with hematological diseases is very important to reduce the morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular events. Noninvasive assessments are suitable for this purpose with a significantly lower risk compared to invasive interventions.

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