scholarly journals Two Multiple Sclerosis Relapses Affecting the Left Pontine-Mesencephalic Transition and Later the Right Mid Pons, With Distinct Eye Movement Abnormalities - The Importance Of Semiology Above Medical Imaging: Case Report

EMJ Radiology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Mei
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus ◽  
The Right

The authors report the case of a 22-year-old female patient who presented with two distinct relapses of multiple sclerosis. The first was a lesion in the dorsal paramedian pontine area to the left, and the second, not visible in the MRI but presumably affecting the right medial longitudinal fasciculus, in the pons. In both cases, the semiology was unquestionable and compatible to the proposed areas of demyelination, with the patient fully recovering her eye movements after pulses of methylprednisolone.

scholarly journals Relapsing Tumefactive Demyelination: A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Omerhodžić ◽  
Almir Džurlić ◽  
Dino Lisica ◽  
Nevena Mahmutbegović ◽  
Maida Nikšić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Tumorlike Lesion

<p><strong>Objective. </strong>We present a case of relapsing tumefactive demyelination in a young female patient, that posed a real diagnostic challenge, with a heterogeneous clinical picture, atypical for multiple sclerosis (MS) presentation, and neuroradiological manifestations with a high suspicion of neoplastic diseases.</p><p><strong>Case Report</strong>. An 18-year old female patient presented to our Neurosurgical Out-patients’ Clinic with symptoms atypical for multiple sclerosis, unremarkable neurological deficit, one tumefactive lesion on MRI, followed by relapse and another two lesions within a period of six months. We decided to perform biopsy of the tumefactive lesion with compressive effect. Serological and clinical data were negative for MS, and the patient did not respond well to corticosteroid therapy. Fresh frozen tumor tissue aroused a strong suspicion of gemistocytic astrocytoma, so total resection was done, but the definitive pathohistological examination confirmed tumefactive demyelination.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>. For clinicians, it is important to consider demyelinating disease in the differential diagnosis of a tumorlike lesion of the central nervous system, in order to avoid invasive and potentially harmful diagnostic procedures, especially in younger patients.</p>

Saccadic Eye Movements and Dual-Task Interference

1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Pashler ◽  
Mark Carrier ◽  
James Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Saccadic Eye Movements ◽  
Choice Response ◽  
Task Interference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Colour Patch ◽  
Dual Task Interference ◽  
Close Temporal Proximity

Four dual-task experiments required a speeded manual choice response to a tone in a close temporal proximity to a saccadic eye movement task. In Experiment 1, subjects made a saccade towards a single transient; in Experiment 2, a red and a green colour patch were presented to left and right, and the saccade was to which ever patch was the pre-specified target colour. There was some slowing of the eye movement, but neither task combination showed typical dual-task interference (the “psychological refractory effect”). However, more interference was observed when the direction of the saccade depended on whether a central colour patch was red or green, or when the saccade was directed towards the numerically higher of two large digits presented to the left and the right. Experiment 5 examined a vocal second task, for comparison. The findings might reflect the fact that eye movements can be directed by two separate brain systems–-the superior colliculus and the frontal eye fields; commands from the latter but not the former may be delayed by simultaneous unrelated sensorimotor tasks.

Eye Guidance in Reading: Fixation Locations within Words

Perception ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Rayner
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conditional Probabilities ◽  
Saccade Length ◽  
Fixation Locations ◽  
Cognitive Activities ◽  
The Right

Three broad categories of models of eye movement guidance in reading are described. According to one category, eye movements in reading are not under stimulus or cognitive control; the other two categories indicate that cognitive activities or stimulus characteristics are involved in eye guidance. In this study a number of descriptive analyses of eye movements in reading were carried out. These analyses dealt with fixation locations on letters within words of various lengths, conditional probabilities that a word will be fixated given that a prior word was or was not fixated, and average saccade length as a function of the length of the word to the right of the fixated word. The results of these analyses were supportive of models which suggest that determining where to look next while reading is made on a nonrandom basis.

Disconjugate Eye Movements during Electronystagmographic Testing in Patients with Known Central Nervous System Lesions

1975 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-373
Author(s):  
Joseph Kimm ◽  
James B. MacLean
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Motor System ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus ◽  
Ocular Motor ◽  
Measuring Techniques ◽  
Ocular Motor System ◽  
Cns Lesions

A tacit assumption underlying current ENG testing is that the eyes move conjugately. However, considering the intricate neuroanatomical pathways within the ocular motor system in addition to the elaborate vestibulo-ocular connections, we think it reasonable that disconjugate eye movements may result with certain CNS lesions. Recently we have employed independent eye movement measuring techniques in order to assess the movement of each eye separately during our ENG valuations. The preliminary work has revealed that disconjugate eye movements occurred even with extra-axial lesions which spared the medial longitudinal fasciculus. These data may be valuable for the neurotologist with regard to differential diagnosis and prescription of a treatment plan for the patient. The eye movement patterns of patients with confirmed CNS lesions and other interesting findings are presented.

scholarly journals Interventional Treatment of Lymphatic Leakage Post Appendectomy: Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1512-1515
Author(s):  
Nguyen Ngoc Cuong ◽  
Nguyen Thai Binh ◽  
Phan Nhan Hien ◽  
Nguyen Hoang ◽  
Le Tuan Linh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Iliac Fossa ◽  
Chylous Ascites ◽  
Percutaneous Intervention ◽  
Interventional Treatment ◽  
Lymphatic Complications ◽  
The Right ◽  
Intranodal Lymphangiography

BACKGROUND: Postoperative lymphatic complications are not common, and lymphatic leakage complication post appendectomy (LLCPC) is even rarer. However, the number of this operation is high so LLCPC can occur. CASE REPORT: Here, we report a female patient post appendectomy with severe chylous ascites. This patient underwent six operations. A leakage point at the right iliac-fossa, which was embolized successfully after two sessions, was spotted during intranodal lymphangiography. After 6 months, the ascites were significantly reduced while some lymphatic aneurysms still existed in the lumbar-retroperitoneal region. CONCLUSIONS: Basing the knowledge of this clinical case and literature, we have concluded that lymphatic leakage can be diagnosed and embolized by percutaneous intervention.

scholarly journals Bilateral Paragangliomas in the Setting of Autonomic Dysfunction: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 790-794
Author(s):  
Jerry Shen ◽  
Angela Ryck ◽  
Iris Chan ◽  
Kaitlin S. McFadden ◽  
Anna D. Hohler
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Arm Movement ◽  
Carotid Bifurcation ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
The Right

In 2018, a 59-year-old female patient presented with hoarseness in her voice, headache, intermittent pain in her right side, difficulty of right arm movement, left side neck pain, difficulty controlling hypertension of unknown etiology, and a large mass on the upper left side of her neck with a smaller mass on the right side. MRI of the neck revealed masses at each carotid bifurcation. These were determined to be bilateral paragangliomas. Paragangliomas are rare tumors, and bilateral ones tremendously so. The patient underwent radiation over 2 years, resulting in the successful shrinking and stabilization of both masses. Since completing radiation, the patient reported improvement in her memory, and her blood pressure has stabilized with medication.

scholarly journals A CASE REPORT OF FEMUR OSTEOCHONDROMA IN 22 YEARS OLD FEMALE PATIENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1263-1267
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman M. Bin Mohi ◽  
◽  
Ahmed A. Alzahrani ◽  
Bashar R. Reda
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Proximal Femur ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Distal Femur ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hands And Feet

Chondromais considered a nonmalignant tumor that composed of mature hyaline cartilage and commonly occur in hands and feet. Overall incidents show that females are predominant comparing to males with evenly distributed range of ages. Multiple chondromas have to be differentiated from osteochondroma and chondrosarcoma. This paper reports three different types of lesions in one patient.Osteochondroma or exostosis is the most common benign tumor of the skeleton. It is a developmental osseous anomaly, which arises from exophytic outgrowth on bone surfaces characteristically. Osteochondroma account for about 12% of bone tumors. Here, we have described a 22 years old female patient with left knee joint pain and swelling of the left distal femur with limited movements. The incisional biopsy of the left distal femur identified low-grade chondrosarcoma and chondroma after histopathology. This underwent one-stage surgical excision of the tumor with a posterior approach and tumor resection from the femur. After surgery, an unusual pain appears in the right hip joint during the post-operative period.Machine resonance imaging (MRI), and X-ray of pelvis help to diagnose thewell-differentiated chondrosarcoma and chondroma. This was a case of osteochondroma in the right proximal femur, chondroma like lesion in the left proximal femur and chondrosarcoma in the left distal femur. Ethical consideration: Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and accompanying images. Conflict of interest: There is no conflict of interest.

Macaque SEF Neurons Encode Object-Centered Directions of Eye Movements Regardless of the Visual Attributes of Instructional Cues

1999 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 2340-2346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl R. Olson ◽  
Sonya N. Gettner
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Macaque Monkey ◽  
Direction Selectivity ◽  
Visual Attributes ◽  
Supplementary Eye Field ◽  
Eye Field ◽  
The Right

Macaque SEF neurons encode object-centered directions of eye movements regardless of the visual attributes of instructional cues. Neurons in the supplementary eye field (SEF) of the macaque monkey exhibit object-centered direction selectivity in the context of a task in which a spot flashed on the right or left end of a sample bar instructs a monkey to make an eye movement to the right or left end of a target bar. To determine whether SEF neurons are selective for the location of the cue, as defined relative to the sample bar, or, alternatively, for the location of the target, as defined relative to the target bar, we carried out recording while monkeys performed a new task. In this task, the color of a cue-spot instructed the monkey to which end of the target bar an eye movement should be made (blue for the left end and yellow for the right end). Object-centered direction selectivity persisted under this condition, indicating that neurons are selective for the location of the target relative to the target bar. However, object-centered signals developed at a longer latency (by ∼200 ms) when the instruction was conveyed by color than when it was conveyed by the location of a spot on a sample bar.

scholarly journals An unusual case of tuberous sclerosis incidentally discovered in adulthood: case report and review of the literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 205846011880632
Author(s):  
Dolores Ferrara ◽  
Gianfranco Vallone ◽  
Enrico Tedeschi ◽  
Andrea Ponsiglione ◽  
Arnaldo Stanzione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Tuberous Sclerosis ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Renal Tumor ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Multiple Lesions ◽  
Clinical Triad ◽  
The Right

Tuberous sclerosis (TS) is a relatively rare multi-organ disorder generally diagnosed in infancy and described as a clinical triad of sebaceous adenoma, mental retardation, and seizures. Angiomyolipoma (AML) is the most common benign renal tumor usually found incidentally as a solitary small echogenic lesion on grayscale ultrasound. Less commonly, it is part of the TS complex and is seen as multiple lesions in both kidneys. We describe an unusual case of TS incidentally diagnosed in a 37-year-old female patient with several and bilateral renal AMLs and a single cortical–subcortical tuber in the right parieto-occipital cerebral lobe.

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