Determining the influence of concrete drying shrinkage in the International Roughness Index of newly constructed rigid pavements in Bolivian Altiplano

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Torrico ◽  
Orlando Torrico
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
International Roughness Index ◽  
Quarter Car Model ◽  
Rigid Pavements ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Bolivian Altiplano ◽  
Slab Curling

In the last decade, the design and the construction of concrete pavements in Bolivia focused on prevention of fatigue damage of concrete by the design and construction of locally named "semi-short slabs" concrete pavements, a solution with slab size between traditional JPCP and short slab concrete pavements. Although the structural performance of these new pavements is adequate so far, it was observed that the length of the slab, which commonly is between 2.4 to 3.0 m, affects functional performance. Because of the slabs are affected by differential drying shrinkage, they develop permanent curling with wavelengths that have more influence on IRI with respect to other lengths due to the sensitivity of the Quarter-Car model. This article describes the studies conducted to determine the slab curling influence on IRI of concrete pavements built with semi-short slabs in the last years in the Bolivian Altiplano. Longitudinal profile data was collected by means of a laser profilometer in highway sections located in western Bolivia, in regions with high altitudes and arid climate. Based on profile information, mechanistic analyses were done in order to estimate the theoretical deflections along the slabs that correspond to the observed curling. Deflections calculated were then used to estimate a Pseudo Strain Gradient that represent the effects of curling along the evaluated sections. IRI related to slabs curling was calculated and compared to IRI calculated from artificially generated profiles for various slab lengths. Results indicate that slab curling of these pavements has an important influence on IRI of evaluated sections. Recommendations for specifications of new construction projects are presented.

scholarly journals Estidama and the Pearl Rating System: A Comprehensive Review and Alignment with LCA

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5041
Author(s):  
Ayyagari Ramani ◽  
Borja García de Soto
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Practical Relevance ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Sustainable Buildings ◽  
System A ◽  
Robust Implementation ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Sustainability Standards

Multiple sustainability standards and rating systems have been developed to draw attention to constructing sustainable buildings. The Pearl Rating System (PRS) is a mandate for all new construction projects in Abu Dhabi. Hence, it is important to understand the main components, advantages, and limitations of the PRS. The feasibility and the practical relevance of the PRS are still being studied. This paper addresses this gap and critically evaluates the PRS against some of the well-established rating systems like LEED and BREEAM. The analysis suggests that the PRS considers the cultural aspect of sustainability, in addition to the environmental, societal, and economic aspects. It was also found that most rating systems, including the PRS, have a very superficial inclusion of life cycle assessment (LCA). The paper finally concludes with other observations and outlook for a more robust implementation of the PRS.

Density Observations from a Full-Scale, Untrafficked Test Section with Guidance for Dryback Methods

2017 ◽  
Vol 2630 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Braden T. Smith ◽  
Robert A. Moore ◽  
Isaac L. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Test Section ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Density Measurement ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Average Error ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Two Phases

This paper presents a discussion with data on factors related to the in-place density measurement of asphalt pavements. A review of the literature traces changes to asphalt density measurement technologies over the past 60 years. Two phases of investigation then are presented in which in-place density was evaluated for an ongoing study of environmental effects at a test section in Columbus, Mississippi. A series of laboratory and field activities was performed in Phase 1. In Phase 2, studies were made of laboratory drying practices of specimens that were cored after an extended period of field aging. The key conclusion from these efforts was that ASTM D7227 might not remove sufficient moisture from some specimens to achieve accurate density measurement when pavements have been exposed to moisture for extended periods of time. This paper presents a case with an average error in air void measurement of 0.9% (measured 9.1% when 10% was correct) for specimens that were cored, dried according to ASTM D7227, and then measured for mass in air 1 day later. This finding is of most concern to rehabilitation and research work in areas in which aggregates have high potential for absorption but is of no concern to new construction projects. Furthermore, the work presented here validated the use of ASTM D7227 in circumstances in which mixtures were exposed to moisture for short periods of time. The work also suggested three options to take to accurately measure in-place density for performance testing of aged pavements that contain high-absorption aggregates (i.e., dry in oven, develop correlation equations, or dry for several weeks).

SUSTAINABLE DESIGN IN PROJECT DELIVERY: A DISCUSSION ON CURRENT AND FUTURE TRENDS

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karno Widjaja
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Sustainable Design ◽  
Current System ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Project Delivery ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Communication And Coordination ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sustainability Principles

INTRODUCTION Sustainability principles have become an integral part of the design and construction process for many new construction projects. The selection of the project delivery method (PDM) is extremely important in the effective execution of the project, and plays a critical role in establishing communication and coordination between the key entities: owner, architect, and contractor. The goal of this paper is to hopefully serve as a starting point for further discussion to improve on the AEC industry's current integration of sustainability principles in PDMs. The first step consists of an assessment of current project delivery systems from a sustainable design perspective. This is followed by a determination of the current limitations, and examination of the various disruptions in the industry. Various literature sources are analyzed to form a framework to discuss improvements and optimization strategies beyond the current system. Thereafter, proposed solutions are introduced at both stakeholders, as well as PDM scales. In this paper, the focus for the conducted analysis and proposed methodologies is predicated on new construction projects instead of retrofits due to the resources available. However, the principles can similarly be applied to retrofit scenarios as well, depending on the specific requirements of the individual project at play.

An empirical survey of the perceived benefits of executing BIM and sustainability practices in the built environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Oluwatosin Olawumi ◽  
Daniel W.M. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Empirical Survey ◽  
Building Information ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Sustainability Practices ◽  
Diverse Groups

Purpose The increasing urbanization of the built environment has bolstered the need to promote green Building Information Modeling (BIM) initiative in new construction projects and the rehabilitation of old premises. This study aims to explore and examine the key benefits of the implementation of BIM and sustainability practices in the built environment. Design/methodology/approach The study gathered the worldwide perceptions of 220 survey participants from 21 countries which were analyzed using descriptive and inferential analytical methods. The identified individual benefits of green BIM were further categorized into their underlying clusters using factor analysis. Findings The key benefits are related to enhancing project efficiency and productivity, ensuring real-time sustainable design and multi-design alternatives, facilitating the selection of sustainable materials and components, together with reducing material wastage and project’s environmental impact, among others. The study analyzed and compared the perceptions of the diverse groups of the respondents as well. Practical implications Effective blueprints and insightful recommendations for enhancing the various stakeholders’ capacities to implement green BIM in their construction projects were put forward to achieve the aim of sustainable smart urbanization. Originality/value The study identified salient benefits of the adoption of BIM and sustainability practices. The proper integration of these concepts and the execution of the recommended useful strategies by construction stakeholders, policymakers and local authorities will enable the built environment to reap the gains of its implementation.

scholarly journals NIMBYs for the rich and YIMBYs for the poor: analyzing the property price effects of infill development

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Brunes ◽  
Cecilia Hermansson ◽  
Han-Suck Song ◽  
Mats Wilhelmsson
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Hedonic Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Infill Development ◽  
Property Prices ◽  
New Construction

Purpose This paper aims to analyze how nearby property prices are affected by new construction projects in Stockholm. If there is an impact on property prices, the authors endeavor to investigate whether the effects vary among different areas within the municipality, for different groups of inhabitants and for different types of housing (i.e. public versus private housing). Design/methodology/approach The authors use a difference-in-difference specification in a hedonic model, and the sample consists of more than 90,000 observations over the period 2005-2013. Findings The results are robust and indicate that house prices in nearby areas increase following the completion of infill development. The results also indicate that infill development has a positive spillover effect on nearby dwelling prices only in areas with lower incomes, more public housing units and more inhabitants born abroad. Originality/value It provides an analysis on how nearby property prices are affected by new construction projects by creating a restricted control area, so as to make the treatment group and the control group more homogeneous. Thus, it mitigates any potential problems with spatial dependency, which can cause biased standard errors.

Microscale Heat Island Characterization of Rigid Pavements

2017 ◽  
Vol 2639 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushobhan Sen ◽  
Jeffery Roesler
Keyword(s):  
Radiative Forcing ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Thermal Inertia ◽  
Concrete Pavements ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Rigid Pavements ◽  
Subsurface Layers ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Base Course

Rigid pavements have an impact on the urban heat island (UHI) and hence the surrounding environment and human comfort. Currently, most studies use a mesoscale approach in UHI characterization of pavements. This study proposes a microscale approach that can be incorporated into a pavement life-cycle assessment (LCA). The heat flux of various concrete pavements containing layers of varying thermal diffusivity and inertia was simulated. The surface pavement radiative forcing (RFp) was developed as a metric for use in a pavement LCA. Additionally, the heat conducted and stored in each concrete pavement system was analyzed using an average seasonal day metric to understand the temporal pavement energetics. Of the various thermal cases, only a higher albedo surface significantly changed the RFp for a fixed climate. However, a time lag was induced by the thermal inertia of the base course, which decreased the amount of heat conducted out of the pavement at night by storing heat in the base course for a longer time, effectively reducing nighttime UHI. Diurnal variations in thermal behavior can be controlled by changing the thermal properties of subsurface layers, which can be used to partially mitigate UHI.

History of the Torre Latinoamericana

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Beckhart
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Historic District ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Historic City ◽  
The City

Historians have extensively explored the topic of architecture in Mexico City in the 20th century. From the relationships between politics, public patrons, new construction technologies, and new idioms of modernism, the impressive story of architecture in this megalopolis continues to astound and captivate people’s imaginations. Architecture was a channel that politicians used to address housing, education, and health care needs in a rapidly growing city. Yet scholars have not been especially concerned with private construction projects and their influence on the process of shaping and being shaped by the visual representation of Mexico City. Private building projects reveal an alternative reality of the city—one not envisioned by politicians and public institutions. Private construction projects in the historic city center are particularly interesting due to their location. These buildings are built on ancient clay lakebeds and volcanic soil on which the Aztecs first built the city. Not only are these buildings located in the heart of the city, the buildings in the rest of the historic district are also sinking. Any building in a historic district that has withstood the test of time should be an object of interest to scholars. The Torre Latinoamericana is perhaps the only building in the historic district and the entire city that ceases to sink, and instead floats! Located on the corner of Madero and San Juan de Letrán, the building sits at the heart of history, culture, and ancient Aztec clay lakebeds. The Torre Latinoamericana was built between 1948 and 1956 and is one of the most important visual symbols of resilience and modernity in Mexico City today.

Identifying the key factors in construction projects that affect neighbourhood social sustainability

Facilities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (11/12) ◽  
pp. 765-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Essam Almahmoud ◽  
Hemanta Kumar Doloi
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Physical Comfort

Purpose Construction projects have huge impacts on the social sustainability of the neighbouring community. The purpose of this paper is to identify and understand the key factors of a construction project that contribute to the social sustainability of a neighbourhood. Design/methodology/approach Questionnaire surveys relating to two case studies of regeneration projects in Saudi Arabia were carried out to ascertain and analyse the perceptions of residents of the neighbourhood communities in which the projects were built. Findings The results derived from factor analysis suggested five significant underlying social factors: health and physical comfort, accessibility, integration, economy and participation. These are defined as the core social functions necessary for enhancing social sustainability in the neighbourhood community as a result of new construction. Originality/value Ideally, a construction project will create spaces where people can interact socially, develop a sense of community and grow and prosper. This study reveals how the neighbours of the project felt about it and what sort of input they wanted to have in the design, construction and operation of the facility. For developers emphasising sustainability, this is the essential data.

scholarly journals Sustainable Strategy in Housing Renovation: Moving from a Technology-and-Engineering-Focused Model to a User-Oriented Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 971
Author(s):  
Karin Staffansson Pauli ◽  
Ju Liu ◽  
Bo Bengtsson
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
External Disturbance ◽  
User Involvement ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Strategy Change ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Inclusive Approach ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Industry Needs

Housing renovation, in contrast to new construction projects, has to take good care of the tenants who are already living in the building. What are the theoretical and practical implications concerning the transformation from a technology-and-engineering-focused renovation approach to a more user-oriented one? What are the mechanisms of strategy change? Based on our case we argue that the mechanisms of strategy change are based on the interplay between external disturbance and internal renewal. External disturbance is the trigger of strategy change, but it does not, in itself, necessarily lead to strategy change, and particularly not for an innovative new strategy. The internal new competence is the source of changing from an old strategy to an innovative new strategy. The real estate industry needs to undergo a transformation from the rationalistic technology- and engineering-focused renovation model (TEF model) to a more inclusive approach. We suggest a user-oriented model (UO model) where user involvement is seen as integrated in the whole process of renovation.

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