Density Observations from a Full-Scale, Untrafficked Test Section with Guidance for Dryback Methods

2017 ◽  
Vol 2630 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Braden T. Smith ◽  
Robert A. Moore ◽  
Isaac L. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Test Section ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Density Measurement ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Average Error ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Two Phases

This paper presents a discussion with data on factors related to the in-place density measurement of asphalt pavements. A review of the literature traces changes to asphalt density measurement technologies over the past 60 years. Two phases of investigation then are presented in which in-place density was evaluated for an ongoing study of environmental effects at a test section in Columbus, Mississippi. A series of laboratory and field activities was performed in Phase 1. In Phase 2, studies were made of laboratory drying practices of specimens that were cored after an extended period of field aging. The key conclusion from these efforts was that ASTM D7227 might not remove sufficient moisture from some specimens to achieve accurate density measurement when pavements have been exposed to moisture for extended periods of time. This paper presents a case with an average error in air void measurement of 0.9% (measured 9.1% when 10% was correct) for specimens that were cored, dried according to ASTM D7227, and then measured for mass in air 1 day later. This finding is of most concern to rehabilitation and research work in areas in which aggregates have high potential for absorption but is of no concern to new construction projects. Furthermore, the work presented here validated the use of ASTM D7227 in circumstances in which mixtures were exposed to moisture for short periods of time. The work also suggested three options to take to accurately measure in-place density for performance testing of aged pavements that contain high-absorption aggregates (i.e., dry in oven, develop correlation equations, or dry for several weeks).

scholarly journals Enhancing Service Life of Power Transformer through Inhibiting the Degradation of Insulating oil by New Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 369-374
Author(s):  
Yasir Khan ◽  
◽  
Muhammad Iftikhar Khan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Phase 1 ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Transformer Oil ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Distribution Transformer ◽  
Insulation System ◽  
Experimental Process ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Paper Insulation ◽  
Monitoring And Measurement

Oil reclamation is a transformer insulation reconditioning technique which may be used as on-line or off-line. However, there is a need of evidence showing the effect of this process on conditions of the paper insulation, which indeed affects the life span of a transformer. This research work focuses on oil reclamation experiment on an old retired distribution transformer. Electrical testing and post-mortem analysis of the transformer were conducted, aimed at investigating the design aspects and collecting information on the insulation conditions prior to the oil reclamation. Temperature and moisture sensors were installed to monitor the conditions within the transformer during the oil reclamation [2]. The experimental process of transformer Oil reclamation was performed into two phases, with regular oil sampling to analyze the changes in key oil parameters, namely acidity number (AN), moisture and breakdown voltage (BV). This was accompanied by paper sampling at the end of each reclamation cycle to study the effects of oil reclamation on properties, particularly moisture, LMA and degree of polymerization. The transformer which was used for the entire experimental process was about 45 years old, 200kVA, 1100 / 415-240V distribution transformer. In order to study the long-term effect of oil reclamation, oil samples were collected from an on-site reclamation exercise performed in a laboratory-accelerated thermal ageing experiment. Oil samples collected before and after the reclamation were aged alongside new oils for comparison [4]. Through the regular monitoring and measurement of oil parameters (AN, moisture and BD strength) over 144 hours and paper parameters (LMA, moisture and DP) at specific stages of phase 1, it was observed that the transformer oil-paper insulation system was significantly improved. The entire research work was performed into two phases (phase 1 and phase 2). The “phase 1” was aimed to improve and restore the oil parameters comparable to the parameters of new oil as specified in “IEC-60296” and its effect on the paper insulation. “Phase 2” was aimed to compare the life span of reclaimed oil filled transformer with the transformer in which aged oil has been replaced by new oil[6]. Effective study of oil reclamation was analyzed through laboratory accelerated aging experiment and real time application on a 45 years old transformer. Through the regular monitoring and measurement of oil parameters (AN, moisture and BD strength) over 144 hours and paper parameters (LMA, moisture and DP) at specific stages of phase1, it was observed that the transformer oil-paper insulation system was significantly improved [15].

Life Cycle Development of Successful Women-owned Enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 142-152
Author(s):  
Mohammad Waliul Hasanat ◽  
Kamna Anum ◽  
Ashikul Hoque ◽  
Mahmud Hamid ◽  
Sandy Francis Peris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Theoretical Finding ◽  
Successful Women ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Life Cycle Development

In developing countries, the role of women in the business sector is continuously improving. As a result, female enterprises have also been encouraged in Pakistan. This study is based on life cycle development phases from which women-owned enterprises have to go through in order to become successful. As a primary data source, face-to-face interviews with owners of successful women-owned enterprises were preferred. The data collection process was divided into two phases i.e. Phase-I and Phase-II. After data collection, qualitative analysis has been performed using NVIVO. Findings provide both generic and specific factors involved in life cycle development of women-owned enterprises. This study provides a detailed view of life cycle development model followed by successful women enterprises. The outcome of this research work is a theoretical finding which can be utilized by entrepreneurs owning small scale enterprises to improve their level of performance. Findings can also be helpful for potentially talented women interested in setting up their own business.

A Corporate Tax Return Simulation: Utilizing Electronic Work Papers and Resolving Ambiguous Issues

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen E. Best ◽  
Jennifer Kahle Schafer
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Oral Communication ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Missing Information ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Corporate Tax ◽  
Management Communication ◽  
Two Phases

ABSTRACT Practitioners routinely note that new staff lack documentation skills, communication skills, and strong Excel skills. Further, new staff report critical-thinking, written and oral communication, teamwork, and project management skills deserve greater emphasis in Master of Accountancy programs. The AICPA's (2014) Model Tax Curriculum suggests that active learning approaches be used to enable students to build communication, critical-thinking, and interpersonal skills. This case uses a realistic corporate tax return preparation experience to address these criticisms by focusing on four main areas: time management, communication, research, and technical skills. The case is divided into two phases. In Phase 1, students review client information, generate requests from the client for missing information, keep a log of hours spent on the project, research ambiguous issues, meet with the project “senior” to obtain guidance, and prepare electronic work papers. In Phase 2, students incorporate feedback from the senior's review of their work papers to make corrections, prepare a corporate tax return, and create a client letter. Student feedback about the project is positive.

Psychiatry Transcript Annotation: Process Study and Improvements

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Srinivasan Sridhar ◽  
Nazmul Kazi ◽  
Indika Kahanda ◽  
Bernadette McCrory
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Standard Data ◽  
Annotation Process ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Two Phases

Background: The demand for psychiatry is increasing each year. Limited research has been performed to improve psychiatrist work experience and reduce daily workload using computational methods. There is currently no validated tool or procedure for the mental health transcript annotation process for generating “gold-standard” data. The purpose of this paper was to determine the annotation process for mental health transcripts and how it can be improved to acquire more reliable results considering human factors elements. Method: Three expert clinicians were recruited in this study to evaluate the transcripts. The clinicians were asked to fully annotate two transcripts. An additional five subjects were recruited randomly (aged between 20-40) for this pilot study, which was divided into two phases, phase 1 (annotation without training) and phase 2 (annotation with training) of five transcripts. Kappa statistics were used to measure the inter-rater reliability and accuracy between subjects. Results: The inter-rater reliability between expert clinicians for two transcripts were 0.26 (CI 0.19 to 0.33) and 0.49 (CI 0.42 to 0.57), respectively. In the pilot testing phases, the mean inter-rater reliability between subjects was higher in phase 2 with training transcript (k= 0.35 (CI 0.052 to 0.625)) than in phase 1 without training transcript (k= 0.29 (CI 0.128 to 0.451)). After training, the accuracy percentage among subjects was significantly higher in transcript A (p=0.04) than transcript B (p=0.10). Conclusion: This study focused on understanding the annotation process for mental health transcripts, which will be applied in training machine learning models. Through this exploratory study, the research found appropriate categorical labels that should be included for transcripts annotation, and the importance of training the subjects. Contributions of this case study will help the psychiatric clinicians and researchers in implementing the recommended data collection process to develop a more accurate artificial intelligence model for fully- or semi-automated transcript annotation.

scholarly journals Estidama and the Pearl Rating System: A Comprehensive Review and Alignment with LCA

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5041
Author(s):  
Ayyagari Ramani ◽  
Borja García de Soto
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Practical Relevance ◽  
Rating Systems ◽  
Sustainable Buildings ◽  
System A ◽  
Robust Implementation ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Sustainability Standards

Multiple sustainability standards and rating systems have been developed to draw attention to constructing sustainable buildings. The Pearl Rating System (PRS) is a mandate for all new construction projects in Abu Dhabi. Hence, it is important to understand the main components, advantages, and limitations of the PRS. The feasibility and the practical relevance of the PRS are still being studied. This paper addresses this gap and critically evaluates the PRS against some of the well-established rating systems like LEED and BREEAM. The analysis suggests that the PRS considers the cultural aspect of sustainability, in addition to the environmental, societal, and economic aspects. It was also found that most rating systems, including the PRS, have a very superficial inclusion of life cycle assessment (LCA). The paper finally concludes with other observations and outlook for a more robust implementation of the PRS.

LinkedIn and recruitment: how profiles differ across occupations

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 583-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Zide ◽  
Ben Elman ◽  
Comila Shahani-Denning
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Group Member

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the elements of a LinkedIn profile that hiring professionals focus on most, and then examine LinkedIn profiles in terms of these identified elements across different industries. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology was comprised of two phases. In the first phase, researchers interviewed hiring professionals to determine their usage of LinkedIn. In the second phase, LinkedIn group member profiles from three industries – HR, sales/marketing and industrial/organizational (I/O) psychology – were compared on the 21 variables identified in Phase 1 (n=288). Findings – χ2 and ANOVA tests showed significant differences with respect to ten of the LinkedIn variables in how people presented themselves across the three groups. There were also several gender differences found. Research limitations/implications – A general limitation was the use of a qualitative research approach. A limitation of Phase 1 was that only a small sample of New York City-based hiring professionals was interviewed. Perhaps a wider, more diverse sample would have yielded different variables. In terms of Phase 2, it is possible that just utilizing the second connections of the researchers limited the generalizability of findings. Practical implications – User unwillingness to fully complete the LinkedIn profile suggests that it may not have replaced the traditional resume yet. Sales/marketing professionals were more likely than HR and I/O psychology professionals to complete multiple aspects of a LinkedIn profile. Women were also less likely than men to provide personal information on their profiles. Originality/value – Most of the empirical research on social networking sites has focussed on Facebook, a non-professional site. This is, from the knowledge, the first study that systematically examined the manner in which people present themselves on LinkedIn – the most popular professional site used by applicants and recruiters worldwide.

Agglomeration Technologies of Processing Powder Wastes

2015 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 121-129
Author(s):  
Marian Peciar ◽  
Roman Fekete ◽  
Peter Peciar
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Airborne Particles ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Shear Forces ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
New Type ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
High Technologies

This article deals with the presentation of modern applications for processing powdered, primarily hazardous, waste to an agglomeration form appropriate for subsequent processing by classical methods, for example in the construction, automotive and consumer goods industries. The aim of the research work was to set appropriate operating conditions in order to appreciate currently non-processable wastes resulting from the intensive production of often extremely expensive materials. Technologies which enable returning powder waste back into the primary production cycle were developed and experimentally tested, thus saving raw material resources. When necessary for the fixing of fine airborne particles with a problematic compacting curve (hard to compress, repulsive due to the surface charge) extrusion processes using a patented technology enabling controlled modification of shear forces in the extrusion zone were successfully applied. A new type of axial extruder allows the elimination of the liquid phase and as a result prevents the clogging of the extrusion chamber. In the case of need for granulation of sensitive materials (for example pharmaceuticals not allowing the addition of any kind of agglomerating fluid or reacting strongly in the contact of the two phases), a process of compaction between rolls with different profiled surface was successfully applied. The developed high technologies and the resulting products thus represent a major contribution to environmental protection in the context of not only the work but also the communal environment.

Physical Activity Health Literacy in Iranian Older Adults: Development and Psychometric Testing

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Moeini Babak ◽  
Barati Majid ◽  
Heidarimoghadam Rashid ◽  
Tapak Leili ◽  
Parsamajd Shahryar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Psychometric Testing ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Two Phases

Inadequate health literacy decreases physical activity. This study aimed to develop and examine psychometrics of physical activity health literacy in Iranian older adults. This methodological work was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 consisted of extensive studies review and qualitative study to extract and design the items. The psychometrics were measured in Phase 2 included content, faceconstruct validities, reliability, and stability. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS (version 25.0) and AMOS (version 24.0). The results of the exploratory factor analysis showed four factors— information evaluation, reading skill, perception, and decision making—and used information that explained 70.08% of the variance. The model’s fitness was supported by confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency based on Cronbach’s alpha was .89 with composite reliability >0.85. Stability was confirmed through the test–retest method and intraclass correlation coefficient (.89–1). Psychometrics of physical activity health literacy in Iranian older adults supported validity and reliability of the tool.

Incidental specialised vocabulary acquisition: a case of incidental medical terms acquisition from students’ perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Abdullah Ghobain ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Medical Terms ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Technical Terms

This study observes a particular group of students learning medical terms (MT) implicitly through studying medical subjects. That is, based on the policy followed in the context of the study, students shall not receive any deliberate terms instruction. This paper investigates their experiences and attitudes towards acquiring MT in such a situation. Students’ acquisition and proficiency, hypothesizing a positive relationship between the two constructs, are self-assessed through pre- and post-test surveys. The surveys included 114 and 95 students in each phase, respectively. Prior to the surveys, focus group discussions were conducted, according to which the questionnaire was developed. A statistical correlational Pearson test was done to examine the relationship between students’ proficiency and incidental terms acquisition. The results indicated a significant negative relationship between the two constructs tested. The study also tested the effect of time on increasing acquisition through conducting a paired independent t-test between the two sets of data. The results found that a more extended period was significant to incidental acquisition. Overall, through comparing the means, modes, and medians in the two phases (pre- and post-test), the findings reveal an increase in the students’ terms acquisition volume. However, students seem not to favour the approach and still advocate explicit instruction for technical terms.

scholarly journals Convective Characteristics of the Madden–Julian Oscillation over the Central Indian Ocean Observed by Shipborne Radar during DYNAMO

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 2859-2877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weixin Xu ◽  
Steven A. Rutledge
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Deep Convection ◽  
Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission ◽  
Heavy Precipitation ◽  
Upper Troposphere ◽  
Central Indian Ocean ◽  
Radar Echo ◽  
Two Phases

Abstract This study investigates the convective population and environmental conditions during three MJO events over the central Indian Ocean in late 2011 using measurements collected from the Research Vessel (R/V) Roger Revelle deployed in Dynamics of the MJO (DYNAMO). Radar-based rainfall estimates from the Revelle C-band radar are first placed in the context of larger-scale Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) rainfall data to demonstrate that the reduced Revelle radar range captured the MJO convective evolution. Time series analysis and MJO phase-based composites of Revelle measurements both support the “recharge–discharge” MJO theory. Time series of echo-top heights indicate that convective deepening during the MJO onset occurs over a 12–16-day period. Composite statistics show evident recharging–discharging features in convection and the environment. Population of shallow/isolated convective cells, SST, CAPE, and the lower-tropospheric moisture increase (recharge) substantially approximately two to three phases prior to the MJO onset. Deep and intense convection and lightning peak in phase 1 when the sea surface temperature and CAPE are near maximum values. However, cells in this phase are not well organized and produce little stratiform rain, possibly owing to reduced shear and a relatively dry upper troposphere. The presence of deep convection leads the mid- to upper-tropospheric humidity by one to two phases, suggesting its role in moistening these levels. During the MJO onset (i.e., phase 2), the mid- to upper troposphere becomes very moist, and precipitation, radar echo-top heights, and the mesoscale extent of precipitation all increase and obtain peak values. Persistent heavy precipitation in these active periods helps reduce the SST and dry/stabilize (or discharge) the atmosphere.

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