scholarly journals Features of the Lonicera L. Shoots Growth Under the Absheron Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 100-105
Author(s):  
T. Mammadov ◽  
A. Seiidli
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameter ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Regular Growth ◽  
Model Species ◽  
Evergreen Species ◽  
Process Studies ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Intensive Growth

The research analyzed the growth dynamics of annual shoots of some species of Lonicera L. in Absheron conditions. According to the seasonal dynamics of growth and development of species, Lonicera species are divided into 2 groups: straight and ivy species. The model species include deciduous, semi-evergreen and evergreen species, but these features of their life forms do not affect the growth process. Studies have shown that in the genus Lonicera L., regular growth was observed during the growing season, while in the straight species the growth was completed in July. The observed increase in hydrothermal stress had a positive effect on the growth and branching of the shoots, and an increase was observed. This growth parameter is dominated by ivy Lonicera L. (L. caprifolium and L. etrusca). Intensive growth was observed in Absheron in May-June and September.

scholarly journals Acarocomplex of grape plantations of the South of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Yu. Klechkovskyi ◽  
K. Shmatkovska
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Trophic Groups ◽  
Maximum Phase ◽  
Trophic Links ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
Southern Ukraine ◽  
Intensive Growth

Goal. To determine the species composition, dominant species, and territorial distribution of predatory and herbivorous ticks (phytophages) in the vineyards of southern Ukraine. Methods. Field — route surveys of vineyards to study the fauna, trophic links and colonization of vineyards with ticks. Laboratory — determination of the species composition of representatives of the acarofauna of vineyards. Results. During the study period, 17 species of ticks belonging to different trophic groups were identified, among which ticks dominate — phytophages of the Tetranychidae and Eriophyidae families. The most common among them were mites — phytophages, namely spider mites (Shhizotetranychus Oud., Tetranychus turkestanicus Ug.et Nich). Pests during the growing season go through four phases: prodromal, eruptive, gradation maximum and crisis. The graduation maximum phase, which is characterized by their greatest number, was noted during the period of intensive growth of berries and falls at the end of June — beginning of August (BBCH 71—79). The dynamics of the number of ticks by varieties is shown. The varieties most susceptible to spider mites were identified, the period of technical ripeness of which is medium, late or very late. Conclusions. Identified 17 species of ticks belonging to different trophic groups: phytophages, acariphages and mycophages. Based on observations of changes in the number of pests on vineyards during the growing season, four phases are distinguished. The graduation maximum phase occurs at the end of June — beginning of August (VVSN 71—79). It was established that all the studied grape varieties were populated by mites to varying degrees, the most susceptible were varieties of medium and late ripening.

Cambial growth dynamics and climatic control of different tree life forms in tropical mountain forest in Ethiopia

Trees ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Krepkowski ◽  
Achim Bräuning ◽  
Aster Gebrekirstos ◽  
Simone Strobl
Keyword(s):  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Cambial Growth ◽  
Tropical Mountain ◽  
Climatic Control

scholarly journals Actuarial senescence in a long-lived orchid challenges our current understanding of ageing

2016 ◽  
Vol 283 (1842) ◽  
pp. 20161217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Petter Dahlgren ◽  
Fernando Colchero ◽  
Owen R. Jones ◽  
Dag-Inge Øien ◽  
Asbjørn Moen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Death Rate ◽  
Trajectory Analysis ◽  
Reproductive Investment ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Weibull Model ◽  
Plant Population Dynamics ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Germ Cell Line ◽  
Positive Effect

The dominant evolutionary theory of actuarial senescence—an increase in death rate with advancing age—is based on the concept of a germ cell line that is separated from the somatic cells early in life. However, such a separation is not clear in all organisms. This has been suggested to explain the paucity of evidence for actuarial senescence in plants. We used a 32 year study of Dactylorhiza lapponica that replaces its organs each growing season, to test whether individuals of this tuberous orchid senesce. We performed a Bayesian survival trajectory analysis accounting for reproductive investment, for individuals under two types of land use, in two climatic regions. The mortality trajectory was best approximated by a Weibull model, showing clear actuarial senescence. Rates of senescence in this model declined with advancing age, but were slightly higher in mown plots and in the more benign climatic region. At older ages, senescence was evident only when accounting for a positive effect of reproductive investment on mortality. Our results demonstrate actuarial senescence as well as a survival–reproduction trade-off in plants, and indicate that environmental context may influence senescence rates. This knowledge is crucial for understanding the evolution of demographic senescence and for models of plant population dynamics.

Morphological and physicochemical traits of leaves of different life-forms of various broadleaf woody plants in interior Alaska

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 1475-1482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanaka Kenzo ◽  
Ayumi Tanaka-Oda ◽  
Yojiro Mastuura ◽  
Larry D. Hinzman
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Leaf Life Span ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Evergreen Species ◽  
Interior Alaska ◽  
Temperate Deciduous ◽  
Temperate Deciduous Forests ◽  
Root Symbionts

The morphological and physicochemical traits of leaves are important in terms of plant adaptation to various growth environments, because such traits play central roles in various functions including photosynthesis. We measured the toughness, mass per unit area (LMA), nitrogen content, and δ15N levels of the leaves of different life-forms of 39 broadleaf woody plants in interior Alaska. The plants were divided into three life-forms based on the maximum height of adult plants: understory (<1 m), small (≥1 m to <5 m), and canopy (≥5 m). Evergreen species accounted for a large proportion of understory woody plants (44%), whereas most small (87%) and canopy (100%) trees were deciduous. Higher LMA, increased toughness, and higher C-to-N ratios prolonged leaf life-span in evergreen species. We also evaluated the presence or absence of bundle-sheath extensions (BSEs), which contribute to the mechanical support of leaves and enhance photosynthetic ability by improving hydraulic properties. In total, 11 species (28%) had homobaric leaves (BSEs were absent) and 28 species (72%) had heterobaric leaves; these proportions are similar to those of woody plants of other temperate deciduous forests. The δ15N values reflected the presence of root symbionts such as ericoid mycorrhiza or Frankia sp. Our results suggest that leaf traits may affect both the life-form of the host plants and leaf longevity in both evergreen and deciduous species.

scholarly journals Features of growing chickpea in the foothill zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Zalina Tarasheva ◽  
Irina Khanieva ◽  
Aliy Boziev ◽  
Takhir Chapaev ◽  
Andemirkan Odizhev
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Potassium Sodium ◽  
Sodium Humate ◽  
Field Germination ◽  
Golden Jubilee ◽  
Positive Effect

In the foothill zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic in 2013-2015, studies were carried out in order to study the effect of growth regulators and rhizotorfin on the formation of elements of the structure of the chickpea crop. The objects of research were the varieties of chickpeas “Golden Jubilee” and “Privo 1”. The background for testing biological preparations was pre-sowing inoculation of seeds with rhizotorphin based on nitrogen-fixing bacteria and their treatment with microelements (P120K60MoV). The following drugs were used: Albit, Alfastim, Potassium / sodium humate with microelements. The use of growth regulators and rhizotorfin has a positive effect on field germination, the duration of the growing season and the yield of chickpea. The analysis of the data in our studies showed that the cultivation of the chickpea variety “Golden Jubilee” in the foothill zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is more profitable.

scholarly journals Сomparative evaluation of the effect of the bacterial biopreparation phytop 8.67–8 and the bacterial-humic complex agrofit-humate-b (bcg “afg-b”) on the growth and development of kiwano varieties green dragon

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
A. V. Pastukhova ◽  
I. Е. Lavrishchev ◽  
A. F. Petrov ◽  
V. Р. Tsvetkova ◽  
V. S. Maslenikova
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Positive Effect

The results of studying the influence of various biological and mineral fertilizers: Phytop 8.67, Agrofit-humate-B (BKG «AFG-B”) – on the growth and development of plants, as well as the yield and quality of kiwano fruits of the Green Dragon variety are presented. During the study, phenological and morphological observations, accounting and evaluation of the quality of the obtained fruits, analysis of the chemical composition of the fruits were carried out. The obtained data confirmed the positive effect of the use of biological preparations on the structure and quality of the resulting crop of kiwano, which will allow us to recommend this crop for cultivation in the territory of the Novosibirsk region, using experimentally proven methods and norms of fertilizer application during the growing season of plants.

scholarly journals Fungicides against diseases of lawn grass leaves

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-9
Author(s):  
S. Retman ◽  
O. Nychyporuk ◽  
О. Shevchuk
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Chemical Groups ◽  
Positive Effect

Goal. To evaluate the effectiveness of the use of fungicides of various chemical groups against the leaf diseases turfgrass. Methods. The research was carried out in 2015—2017 on the lawn mixture «Universal» in the zone of the Polissya of Ukraine. The effect of fungicides of various chemical groups was investigated (Impact T, SC; Bumper Super, EC; Amistar Extra 280 SC, SC; Alto Super 300 EC, EC; Maxim 025 FS, FS; Horus 75 WG, WG). Fungicides were applied twice. The first spraying was carried out when development of diseases in control plot reached 3—5%, the second — in 30 days. The assessments were performed according to generally accepted methods, disease spread, disease severity and technical efficiency of pesticides were determined. Results. During the period of research, the most common leaf diseases of turfgrass, which eveloped annually and had a significant severity during the growing season, were powdery mildew and septoria leaf blotch. After two-time spraying, the technical efficiency of fungicides against powdery mildew reached 82.2—92.2%, against septoria leaf blotch up to 80.2%. The most effective against powdery mildew was the use of Alto Super 330 EC, EC (0.5 l / ha), Amistar Extra 280 SC, SC (0.75 l / ha) and tank mixture of Maxim 025 FS, FS (0.75 l / ha and 1.0 l / ha) with Horus 75 WG, VH (0.6 kg / ha). Against the septoria leaf blotch, the highest efficiency was shown by Alto Super 330 EC, EC (0.5 l / ha), Bumper Super, EC (0.8 l / ha) and Maxim 025 FS, FS (1.0 l / ha) + Horus 75 WG, WG (0.6 kg / ha). In addition, due to the reduction of disease severity, a positive effect of fungicides on the quality of the lawn was achieved and the projective coating increased to 92—93%. Conclusion. The use of fungicides contributes to the reduction of disease and the formation of quality herbs. The best indicators against flour dew and septoriosis of leaves were obtained for the treatment of Alto Super 330 EC, CE (0.5 l / ha) and tank Maxim 025 FS, tc.s. (1.0 l / ha) + Horus 75 WG, VH (0.6 kg / ha).

scholarly journals A role for prefoldins in H2A.Z deposition in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Mari-Carmona ◽  
Javier Forment ◽  
Miguel A Blazquez ◽  
David Alabadi
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Model Species ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complex ◽  
Client Proteins ◽  
Coexpression Networks ◽  
Nuclear Processes ◽  
Positive Effect

The prefoldin complex (PFDc) participates in cellular proteostasis in eukaryotes by acting as cochaperone of the chaperonin CTT. This role is mainly exerted in the cytoplasm where it contributes to the correct folding of client proteins, thus preventing them to form aggregations and cellular damage. Several reports indicate, however, that they also play a role in transcriptional regulation in the nucleus in several model species. In this work, we have investigated how extended is the role of PFDs in nuclear processes by inspecting their interactome and their coexpression networks in yeast, fly, and humans. The analysis indicates that they may perform extensive, conserved functions in nuclear processes. The construction of the predicted interactome for Arabidopsis PFDs, based on the ortholog interactions, has allowed us to identify many putative PFD interactors linking them to unanticipated processes, such as chromatin remodeling. Based on this analysis, we have investigated the role of PFDs in H2A.Z deposition through their interaction with the chromatin remodeling complex SWR1c. Our results show that PFDs have a positive effect on SWR1c, which is reflected in defects in H2A.Z deposition in hundreds of genes in seedlings defective in PFD3 and PFD5 activities.

scholarly journals Life form dynamics of the tree layer in evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest during 1996–2017 in Tianmu Mountains, eastern China

Silva Fennica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Bai ◽  
Shixue You ◽  
Weipeng Ku ◽  
Qilin Dai ◽  
Zhengyi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Recruitment Rate ◽  
Diameter Class ◽  
Evergreen Species ◽  
The Past

In the forest areas of eastern China, there is a change from forest dominated by deciduous broad-leaved trees to forest dominated by evergreen broad-leaved trees as the latitude or altitude decreases. Different life forms have different survival strategies to deal with climate change, and studying the life form dynamics of the tree layers in the mixed forest in eastern China, with increasing temperature, can help us understand how the forest responds. This study was performed in a 1 ha plot in evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest in Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve. Based on the data from two surveys (1996 and 2017), the changes in life form composition and biodiversity over the past 21 years were analyzed. We obtained the following results: (1) The proportion of evergreen trees increased from 55.0% in 1996 to 67.5% in 2017, and the dominance of evergreen species was enhanced. (2) The diversity of both life forms increased, and the tree species were more abundant. (3) The average annual recruitment rate of the evergreen species was 2.1% greater than their mortality rate, and the average annual recruitment rate of the deciduous species was 0.5% less than their mortality rate. (4) The competition among the trees in the small-diameter class (10 cm ≤ DBH < 20 cm) was fierce for many tree species. The proportion of the evergreen species in the small-diameter class was high. The life forms making up the mixed climax forest community has changed over the past 21 years, with the proportion and dominance of evergreen trees increasing significantly.

Instantaneous photosynthetic responses to temperature of deciduous and evergreen Nothofagus species

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kohout ◽  
J. Read
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Maximum Rate ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Deciduous Species ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Common Environment ◽  
Evergreen Species ◽  
Photosynthetic Responses

Deciduous species of Nothofagus tend to replace evergreen Nothofagus at the highest altitudes. We investigated whether deciduous Nothofagus species have higher maximum rates of net photosynthesis (Pmax) and specific leaf area (SLA) than evergreen species and whether there is an increasing photosynthetic advantage (e.g. higher Pmax) in deciduous species relative to evergreen species with increasing altitude that might explain their replacement of evergreen species. Net photosynthesis was investigated in (1) five deciduous and five evergreen species of Nothofagus grown in a common environment and (2) two co-occurring species, N. gunnii (Hook.f.) Oerst. (deciduous) and N. cunninghamii (Hook.) Oerst. (evergreen), across a range of altitudes in Tasmania. In the first experiment, the maximum rate of net photosynthesis per leaf mass (Pmax, mass) and SLA were higher in deciduous species, whereas the maximum rate of net photosynthesis per leaf area (Pmax, area) did not differ between leaf habits. However, in the field-based study, both mass- and area-based Pmax were higher in N. gunnii than N. cunninghamii across all sites. The high Pmax, mass of deciduous species may provide a competitive advantage at higher altitudes by maximising carbon gain during the growing season. However, in the study of sympatric populations of N. gunnii and N. cunninghamii there was no evidence of increasing photosynthetic advantage of the deciduous N. gunnii with increasing altitude.

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