Harsh Sounds: George Gissing’s Penetrating Literary Voice

2017 ◽  
pp. 133-148
Author(s):  
Penelope Hone
Keyword(s):  
Virginia Woolf ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Literary Discourse ◽  
George Gissing ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
Literary Style ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
The Right

This chapter tracks the emergence of a distinctive critical discourse in the 1890s intent on distinguishing the acoustic particularities of the literary voice. Taking the uneven oeuvre of George Gissing as its focus, this chapter positions his work as exemplary of this preoccupation with the problems of hearing the ‘right’ critical voices above the noise of non-literary discourse. It has long been acknowledged that Gissing’s antagonistic relationship to his subject––the English lower middle classes––renders reading his writing an unpleasant, discomforting task: as Virginia Woolf was to observe in 1912, Gissing’s hatred for the poor is ‘the reason why his voice is so harsh, so penetrating, so little grateful to the ears.’ The harsh penetration of Gissing’s literary style is largely understood as a reflection of his politics (Jameson) and, in turn, of his commitment to a ‘vitriolic’ and ‘aggressive’ realism (Matz). Complicating such critical approaches, this chapter thinks through how this literary dissonance might be understood as a reflection of the tensions between Gissing’s political impulse to show, and his aesthetic investment in a more (technically) restrained literary voice.

Divides, High Rise and Boundaries

Ethnologies ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-289
Author(s):  
Doreen Fumia
Keyword(s):  
Urban Renewal ◽  
Poor People ◽  
East Side ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
High Rise ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Right

Acts of domination are not always easy to identify, and in hindsight, the best intentions of post WWII rezoning and “arden city”high-rise developments have not served poor, racialized immigrants well. While the poor in the Downtown East Side of Toronto did not benefit from postwar urban renewal, the middle classes did, but only because they mustered resources in order to block zoning that would allow high rises. As a result, one area of the DTES is one of the most condensed stocks of beautifully preserved Victorian-style homes in Canada. This article interrogates the postwar rationalization of the DTES and the claim, and the resistance to it, that it is “ot the right for 3000 poor people to live downtown”.

Palestinian Diaspora Communities in Latin America and Palestinian Statehood

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-120
Author(s):  
Yousef M. Aljamal ◽  
Philipp O. Amour
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
South America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
The Political ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
Latin Americans ◽  
Political Views ◽  
The Right

There are some 700,000 Latin Americans of Palestinian origin, living in fourteen countries of South America. In particular, Palestinian diaspora communities have a considerable presence in Chile, Honduras, and El Salvador. Many members of these communities belong to the professional middle classes, a situation which enables them to play a prominent role in the political and economic life of their countries. The article explores the evolving attitudes of Latin American Palestinians towards the issue of Palestinian statehood. It shows the growing involvement of these communities in Palestinian affairs and their contribution in recent years towards the wide recognition of Palestinian rights — including the right to self-determination and statehood — in Latin America. But the political views of members of these communities also differ considerably about the form and substance of a Palestinian statehood and on the issue of a two-states versus one-state solution.

The Global Rise of Social Cash Transfers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutz Leisering
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Security ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Social Citizenship ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Social Cash Transfers ◽  
The Right

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) proclaimed the equality of all human beings in dignity and rights. The right to social security, however, has been taken more seriously only since the 2000s, through calls for ‘Social security for all’ and ‘Leaving no one behind’. The book investigates a major response, social cash transfers to the poor. The idea of simply giving money to the poor had been rejected by all major development organizations until the 1990s, but since the early 2000s, social cash transfers have mushroomed in the global South and on agendas of international organizations. How come? What programmes have emerged in which countries? How inclusive are the programmes? What models have international organizations devised? Based on unique quantitative and qualitative data, the book takes stock of all identifiable cash transfers in all Southern countries and of the views of all major international organizations. The author argues that cash transfers reflect broader changes: new understandings of development, of human rights, of global risks, of the social responsibility of governments, and of universalism. Social cash transfers have turned the poor from objects of charity into rights-holders and agents of their own lives and of development. A repertoire of cash transfers has evolved that has enhanced social citizenship, but is limited by weak political commitments. The book also contributes to a general theory of social policy in development contexts, through a constructivist sociological approach that complements the dominant approaches from welfare economics and political economy and includes a theory of social assistance.

The Right to Education in India

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Matthey-Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Private Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Empowerment ◽  
Right To Education ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Potential System ◽  
Education In India ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Education Act ◽  
The Right

What does it mean for education to be a fundamental right, and how may children benefit from it? Surprisingly, even when the right to education was added to the Indian Constitution as Article 21A, this question received barely any attention. This book identifies justiciability (or, more broadly, enforceability) as the most important feature of Article 21A, meaning that children and their parents must be provided with means to effectively claim their right from the state. Otherwise, it would remain a ‘right’ only on paper. The book highlights how lack of access to the Indian judiciary means that the constitutional promise of justiciability is unfulfilled, particularly so because the poor, who cannot afford quality private education for their children, must be the main beneficiaries of the right. It then deals with possible alternative means the state may provide for the poor to claim the benefits under Article 21A, and identifies the grievance redress mechanism created by the Right to Education Act as a potential system of enforcement. Even though this system is found to be deficient, the book concludes with an optimistic outlook, hoping that rights advocates may, in the future, focus on improving such mechanisms for legal empowerment.

scholarly journals Multidimensional Poverty Measurement in Pakistan :Time Series Trends and Breakdown

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (4II) ◽  
pp. 493-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taseer Salahuddin ◽  
Asad Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Poverty Measurement ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Rational Agents ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Measurement ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Right

In the recent literature, consensus has emerged that poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon; see Alkire and Santos (2010) for a review of the major arguments. Nonetheless, the most widely used measures of poverty remain unidimensional, being based on income or caloric intake cutoffs. The logic for the use of income based measures was that it was only lack of income which led to deprivation—with sufficient income; rational agents would automatically eliminate deprivations in all dimensions in the right sequence of priorities. However, careful studies like Thorbecke (2005) and Banerjee and Duflo (2006) show that this does not happen. Even while malnourished and underfed, the poor spend significant portions of their budgets on festivals, weddings, alcohol, tobacco and other non-essential items. The move from abstract theoretical speculation based on mathematical models of human behaviour to experiments and observations of actual behaviour has led to dramatic changes in the understanding of poverty and how to alleviate it. Some of these insights are encapsulated in a new approach to poverty advocated by Banerjee and Duflo (2011).

scholarly journals Pushkin texts in the description of characters by Dostoevsky and Nabokov

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-57
Author(s):  
Elena A. Fedorova
Keyword(s):  
Vladimir Nabokov ◽  
Religious Discourse ◽  
Literary Discourse ◽  
Prodigal Son ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Wet Snow ◽  
Queen Of Spades ◽  
Writer's Voice ◽  
Building Technique

In his novels, Dostoevsky refers to the Pushkin text to describe characters. For Dostoev­sky, Pushkin is an ethical and aesthetic touchstone; the writer’s voice is consonant with that of the poet’s persona. In some cases, the Pushkin text is embedded in religious discourse (the parable of the prodigal son). In interpreting the Pushkin text, Dostoevsky’s characters present and disclose themselves. The ‘dreamer’ from ‘White Nights’ invokes the Pushkin text to con­vey the values of his own. In her peculiar account of the ‘poor knight’ ballad, Aglaya is trans­forming religious discourse into aesthetic and mundane. Pushkin’s St Petersburg text, whose sign is wet snow, creates the space in which contradiction-ridden Hermann (The Queen of Spades) and Dostoevsky’s paradoxalists develop. The Pushkin code in Dostoevsky’s texts is what the images of characters are built on. It is a text-producing and plot-building technique and an element of literary discourse, of author-reader interactions. These techniques are used by Vladimir Nabokov in Despair and “The Visit to the Museum”.

scholarly journals Aleksandra Xvostova, Nikolaj Karamzin and the Gendering of Toska

2015 ◽  
pp. 31-56
Author(s):  
Sara Dickinson
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Female Subject ◽  
Women's Writing ◽  
Literary Discourse ◽  
Women Authors ◽  
Strong Emotion ◽  
Literary Arguments ◽  
The Right ◽  
Women’S Writing

This article reviews the evolution of toska in eighteenth-century literary discourse to demonstrate this sentiment's profound connection with notions of femininity. That century's use of toska culminates in Aleksandra Xvostova's then popular Otryvki (Fragments, 1796), the emotional emphases of which were one of the reasons for its success. In fact, we argue that Russian women's writing contains a tradition of emotional expression that is lexically distinct from the male tradition. Xvostova’s emphatic and reiterative use of toska participates in a larger debate about gender and the 'ownership' of personal emotions and it was relevant to literary arguments about "feminization" that involved writers such as Nikolaj Karamzin and Vasilij Zukovskij, but also a number of women authors (e.g. Ekaterina Urusova, Anna Turčaninova, Elizaveta Dolgorukova, Anna Volkova), whose work asserts the right of the female subject to both suffer strong emotion and to express it.

scholarly journals KEDUDUKAN DAN PRINSIP PEMBAGIAN ZAKAT DALAM MENGATASI PERMASALAHAN KEMISKINAN (ANALISIS PANDANGAN YUSUF QARDHAWI)

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
Muhammad Haris Riyaldi
Keyword(s):  
The Poor ◽  
The Right

Zakat fund is among the sources of funds potentially for overcoming poverty. Fakir and miskin is the preferred class in distribution of zakat funds. This paper aims to explore the views Yusuf Qarhdawi, regarding how to position zakat efforts to overcoming poverty and how the division of zakat right principles that can be being solutions to overcome poverty issues? The study of literature relating with principle of divison of zakat to overcome poverty has implemented, mainly through the works of yusuf qardhawi. Againts the analysis of his views can be stated that the principles relating zakat Islamic sharia hearts overcome poverty. First, Islam makes working is potentially troubleshooting poverty. Second, not all indegent and poor reserves the right to review accept zakat. Meaning indigent and poor not accept entitled to zakat. Third, some of the poor classes helped with zakat funds can be work in order to obtain income (productive), While others were given zakat funds hearts forms consumptive.Dana zakat merupakan diantara sumber dana yang berpotensi untuk mengatasi permasalahan kemiskinan. Fakir dan miskin adalah golongan yang diutamakan dalam pembagian dana zakat. Tulisan ini bertujuan mengupas pandangan Yusuf Qardhawi tentang bagaimana kedudukan zakat dalam upaya mengatasi permasalahan kemiskinan dan bagaimana prinsip pembagian zakat yang tepat sehingga dapat menjadi solusi untuk mengatasi persoalan kemiskinan? Studi literatur berkaitan dengan prinsip pembagian zakat untuk mengatasi kemiskinan telah dilaksanakan, terutama melalui karya-karya Yusuf Qardhawi. Dari analisis terhadap pandangannya dapat dikemukakan beberapa prinsip berkaitan zakat dalam syariah Islam dalam mengatasi kemiskinan. Pertama, Islam menjadikan bekerja sebagai sarana utama dalam mengatasi masalah kemiskinan. Kedua, tidak semua fakir dan miskin berhak untuk menerima zakat, artinya ada fakir dan miskin yang tidak berhak menerima zakat. Ketiga, sebagian golongan fakir miskin dibantu dengan dana zakat supaya dapat bekerja sehingga memperoleh penghasilan (produktif), sedangkan sebagian yang lain diberi dana zakat dalam bentuk konsumtif.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document