The I/Eye of the Storm: Prospero’s Tempest

2019 ◽  
pp. 217-255
Author(s):  
Sophie Chiari
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Travel Narratives ◽  
Ecological Significance ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Tempest ◽  
The Sublime ◽  
Celestial Sphere

The Tempest (1611) is a play often quoted for its ecological significance: indeed, it is one in which Shakespeare once again addresses the question of climate and the four elements in his revisiting of the early modern travel narratives (in which, incidentally, the motif of the fiery ocean was a topos of the genre). In this rewriting of Virgil’s Aeneid not entirely devoid of Homeric reminiscences, the playwright returns to the initial questions of the Dream: can men and women rule the elements? If we trigger off a climatic disorder, can it be mended? And if we lose control, what may then ensue? The playwright thus reassesses the role of man’s ‘potent art’ (5.1.50) in the ordering of nature. Chapter 7 explores the idea of temperance in connection with that of temperate clime, and it shows that Prospero’s tempest, meant both as a form of revenge against Antonio and as a means of catharsis and rebirth, is deeply problematic as it oscillates between the illusory and the real, magic and science, the sublime and the mundane. Providing us with kaleidoscopic views, the play cogently explores the power of the elements and reaffirms that, for Shakespeare, what appears in the celestial sphere cannot be dissociated from what happens on earth.

Conclusion and Epilogue

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Strasser
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
First Century ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Women's Agency ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The World ◽  
Twenty First Century ◽  
A Site

The conclusion summarizes the main findings of this book’s exploration of the transgenerational and transregional Jesuit chain of influence in the early modern world. It stresses the simultaneously mimetic and individualistic manifestations of missionary masculinity and the role of media in reproducing it. While Jesuit masculinity left traces on societies around the world, the men and women whom the missionaries believed to have converted in turn also reformed European Catholicism. An epilogue takes the story to today’s US-controlled Guam where Chamorro Catholicism provides a site for anti-imperial critique and identity-formation, reflecting a process that began with the events narrated in this book. Notably, twenty-first-century Chamorro death customs still show vestiges of early modern matrilineal traditions and indigenous women’s agency.

Shylock, the Devil and the Meaning of Deception in The Merchant of Venice

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Jonathan Elukin
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern England ◽  
Merchant Of Venice ◽  
Religious Identities ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Merchant Of Venice ◽  
The World ◽  
The Devil ◽  
Fallen World

Abstract The article explores Shakespeare’s secularized retelling of the Christian theological narrative of deceiving the Devil, with Antonio playing the role of Christ and Shylock as the Devil. The article argues that recasting the contest between Christ and the Devil in the world of Venice sets the stage for Shakespeare’s larger exploration of the pervasive nature of deceit in human affairs. Although it seems that Shakespeare’s characters are resigned to live in a fallen world where truth is obscured, Portia’s invocation of mercy may be Shakespeare’s attempt to offer some hope of an earthly salvation. The article argues that this portrait of a world filled with deception resonated with Shakespeare’s audience. Men and women in early modern England lived in a world where they often had to hide their religious identities and loyalties. This interpretation challenges more recent attempts to see the play as primarily concerned with race and tolerance.

Unlimited Science: The Endless Transformation of Nature in Bacon and Shakespeare’s The Tempest

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mickaël Popelard
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Natural Philosopher ◽  
Departure Point ◽  
Early Modern Science ◽  
The Tempest

Mickaël Popelard provides a different and complementary interpretation of The Tempest. He explores the early modern concept of infinity in relation to the transformation of nature. Doing so, he takes a look at the making of early modern science and provides us with a number of epistemological reflections on Shakespeare’s knowledge and, in particular, on his approach to limits and the unlimited. Taking Macbeth’s idea of an essentially limited human nature as his departure point, Popelard first focuses on Bacon’s both speculative and practical stand, insisting on the fact that, for him, the role of the scientist is to bind together theory and practice so as to achieve “the effecting of all things possible.” While he posits that Bacon’s reform of science and philosophy is marked by its open-endedness and, therefore, by its absence of limits, he shows that, if a similar interest in boundlessness can be noted in Shakespeare’s late plays, characters such as Prospero remain constrained by their obsession with “limits”, “confines” or “boundaries.” Yet, for all his epistemological hesitancy, Shakespeare’s magician and/or natural philosopher shares some of Bacon’s ideas on science, the most important being the belief in an operative rather than a verbally oriented science.

Shylock, the Devil and the Meaning of Deception in The Merchant of Venice

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Jonathan Elukin
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern England ◽  
Merchant Of Venice ◽  
Religious Identities ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Merchant Of Venice ◽  
The World ◽  
The Devil ◽  
Fallen World

The article explores Shakespeare’s secularized retelling of the Christian theological narrative of deceiving the Devil, with Antonio playing the role of Christ and Shylock as the Devil. The article argues that recasting the contest between Christ and the Devil in the world of Venice sets the stage for Shakespeare’s larger exploration of the pervasive nature of deceit in human affairs. Although it seems that Shakespeare’s characters are resigned to live in a fallen world where truth is obscured, Portia’s invocation of mercy may be Shakespeare’s attempt to offer some hope of an earthly salvation. The article argues that this portrait of a world filled with deception resonated with Shakespeare’s audience. Men and women in early modern England lived in a world where they often had to hide their religious identities and loyalties. This interpretation challenges more recent attempts to see the play as primarily concerned with race and tolerance.

Being a Dissenter

2020 ◽  
pp. 472-494
Author(s):  
Michael Davies ◽  
Anne Dunan-Page ◽  
Joel Halcomb
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Church Members ◽  
Church Discipline ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Church Life ◽  
Before And After

This chapter examines the collective experiences of lay believers in ‘gathered’ churches (both Congregational and Baptist) before and after the 1689 Toleration Act, and the ways they came to experience various forms of empowerment at a time when traditional categories of ‘laity’ and ‘clergy’ were radically renegotiated. Evidence taken from manuscript church records and other archival sources helps to consider Dissent through the corporate experiences of ordinary church members, both men and women, who were constantly engaged in defining what a ‘true’ church was, as well as the role of religious communities in shaping individual trajectories, especially through the exercise of church discipline. Focusing on disciplinary cases noted in the records of a number of gathered churches opens a window not only onto offences that disturbed and yet typified church life for early modern Dissenters, but also onto the daily lives and experiences of the visible saints.

scholarly journals Fateful Women in Ferdowsi Shahnameh

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheila Loveimi
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Past ◽  
Descriptive Account ◽  
Popular Image

<p>Shahnameh as one of the most important literary works that reflects the pure thoughts of the past Iranians, plays a key role in preserving the Iranian cultural heritage and national identity. Mythology helps us to understand the civilizations included the cultures. For example, the image of the women in the literary works is different from their modern popular image that ignores the real position of the women. Abu l-Qasim Ferdowsi, the highly revered Persian poet, is one of the literary figures who considered the role of women in his literary masterpiece in spite of the prevailing attitudes towards the women in his era. Some studies, due to the lack of understanding the Ferdowsi’s poems, have claimed that he is a misogynist poet. However, Ferdowsi has equally ranked men and women in his long epic. For example, there are a number of chaste and compassionate mothers in Shahnameh, who play a vital role in shaping the epic character of the heroes. Or, the women who fall in love and relinquish all her possessions for the sake of fruition, such as Manijeh and Katayun who leave the king’s court for the sake of love. Ferdowsi’s imagery of women is not a descriptive account of their charming superficial beauties, but it reflects the wisdom, bravery, and belligerency of these women.</p>

scholarly journals HIPERREALITAS RELASI DALAM SINETRON KOMEDI “TETANGGA MASA GITU?”

INFORMASI ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Eldo Eka Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Real World ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Soap Operas ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Media ◽  
Independent Individual

Emergence of non-mainstream way of women representations in soap operas, where women are constructed as an independent individual, brought an impact to the patterns of relation between men and women. If we look at Indonesian soap operas, there are not many of them that can manage to present a non-mainstream construction of female characters. The shift on women representation is associated to how the men were represented in said soap operas, therefore this is a form of the role of the media in altering gender stigma in the society. However, in the process of construction there is a new reality presented by the media through soap operas. Baudrillard established that hyperreality is a condition in which the reality that are presented by the media overtook the real world. This makes the society, as a consumer, became convinced that the newreality is a description of real life. This research is a qualitative study on a sitcom titled Tetangga Masa Gitu? with the analysis on the contents of the sinetron. Relation between men and women shown in this sitcom is based on the factors of economic ownership, resulting in hyperreality in the patterns of relation.Munculnya representasi perempuan yang tidak mainstream di dalam sinetron, dimana perempuan dikonstruksikan sebagai individu yang independen berdampak kepada pola relasi antara perempuan dan laki-laki. Apabila melihat kondisi sinetron di Indonesia, belum banyak sinetron yang berhasil menampilkan konstruksi yang tidak mainstreamterhadap tokoh perempuan. Perubahan konstruksi perempuan tidak terlepas dari bagaimana konstruksi laki-laki ditampilkan di dalam sinetron tersebut sehingga hal ini merupakan salah satu bentuk peran media dalam mengubah stigma peran gender kepada masyarakat. Namun dalam proses konstruksi tersebut terdapat suatu realitas baru yang ditampilkan oleh media melalui sinetron. Baudrillard menjelaskan bahwa hiperrealitas merupakan suatu kondisi dimana realitas yang dibangun di dalam mediamelebihi kondisi yang sebenarnya. Hal seperti ini menjadikan masyarakat sebagai konsumen meyakini realitas baru tersebut sebagai ilustrasi dalam kehidupan nyata. Penelitian ini merupakan suatu penelitian kualitatif terhadap sinetron komedi Tetangga Masa Gitu? dengan menggunakan metode analisis isi wacana sinetron. Relasi antara laki-laki dan perempuan dalam sinetron ini ditunjukan oleh adanya faktor kepemilikan ekonomi dalam diri perempuan sehingga pola relasi yang terjadi menunjukan adanya kondisi hiperrealitas.

Photographs of real human figures: Item types and persistent sex differences in mental rotation

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 2411-2420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randi A Doyle ◽  
Daniel Voyer
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Embodied Cognition ◽  
Mental Rotation ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Real ◽  
Improved Accuracy ◽  
Item Types

The goal of the current study was to provide a better understanding of the role of image familiarity, embodied cognition, and cognitive strategies on sex differences in performance when rotating blocks and photographs of real human bodies. Two new Mental Rotation Tests (MRTs) were created: one using photographs of real human models positioned as closely as possible to computer drawn figures from the human figures MRT used in Doyle and Voyer’s 2013 study, and one using analogous block figures. It was hypothesised that, when compared to the analogous block figures, the real human figures would lead to improved accuracy among both men and women, a reduced magnitude of sex differences in accuracy, and a reduced effect of occlusion on women’s performance when compared to analogous block figures. The three-way interaction between test, sex, and occlusion reported in Doyle and Voyer’s 2013 study was not replicated in the current study. However, women’s scores on the real human figures improved significantly more than men’s scores on the real human figures test compared to gender differences in improvement on the block figures test. This finding points to a greater strategy shift among women than men when rotating human figures.

Interpassivity and Misdemeanours: The Art of Thinking in Examples and the Žižekian Toolbox

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Pfaller
Keyword(s):  
Specific Role ◽  
Slavoj Zizek ◽  
Slavoj Žižek ◽  
The Sublime

Starting from a passage from Slavoj Žižek`s brilliant book The Sublime Object of Ideology, the very passage on canned laughter that gave such precious support for the development of the theory of interpassivity, this chapter examines a question that has proved indispensable for the study of interpassivity: namely, what does it mean for a theory to proceed by examples? What is the specific role of the example in certain example-friendly theories, for example in Žižek’s philosophy?

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