scholarly journals Perpetrator's identity – central issue of modern criminology (Some Aspects in the Context of Opposing Criminality)

2021 ◽  
pp. 411-416
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Kozliuk
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Central Issue ◽  
Close Connection ◽  
Positive Aspect ◽  
The Core ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
Illegal Acts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Main Components

Due to the fact that our society lives in a state of criminality, this study theoretically attempts to show the value of research on the perpetrator's identity and the need to oppose criminality thereof. The purpose of the study is to understand one of the main components of the subject of criminology, which is the perpetrator's identity, to clarify his role and place in the opposing against criminality. The study applied the principle of social naturalism. It is proved that the study of the identity of the perpetrator on the basis of the principle of social naturalism opens up new opportunities in finding, more successful influence on the behavior of persons committing criminal offenses. Because it determines that the core of the perpetrator's identity is an arbitrariness and illusions complex. Liquidation of which will help increase efficiency in the development and implementation of measures to opposing criminality. Under implementing countermeasures, it is important to know on what aspects to focus on to prevent the mechanism of criminal behavior. It is the study of the perpetrator’s identity from the standpoint of socio-naturalistic criminology opens the way for a successful response to the causes and conditions that shape the perpetrator’s identity and contribute thereof to manifestation in the commission of a crime. The socio-naturalistic approach to the study of perpetrator’s identity allows the subjects of counteraction accordingly: develop countermeasures and respond to criminality in general. It is argued that the positive aspect in opposing criminality directly depends on the perpetrator’s identity because through the knowledge of the personal characteristics of those who commit illegal acts, criminogenic factors of crime are explained. These are two interdependent processes. Scientifically substantiated researches of the perpetrator’s identity give the chance to carry out, to correct opposition to criminality. Thus, there is a natural formula: an effective study of the perpetrator’s identity is equal to the effective opposition against criminality. It has been proven that effective research into the perpetrator’s identity is tied to a logical chain of solving extremely complex criminological problems, including the opposing against criminality. And the successful opposition to this socially negative phenomenon shows that there is an adequate influence on criminogenic factors that give rise to criminality, that is, that the developed measures to opposing criminality are effective. The close connection between the perpetrator’s identity and the opposition against criminality is that the perpetrator’s identity is central to the opposition against criminality, due to the fact that effective research on the perpetrator’s identity, it is possible to implement effective measures.

scholarly journals Interrelation Between Conceptual and Linguistic Worldviews (Based on the Economic Lexical Item ‘CLIENT’)

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-180
Author(s):  
Lesia Kushmar
Keyword(s):  
Native Speaker ◽  
Field Structure ◽  
Lexical Item ◽  
Human Knowledge ◽  
Principle Calculation ◽  
Lexical Meaning ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Main Components

This article presents a theoretical approach to the concept interpretation “worldview” which expresses human knowledge about environment. The difference between conceptual and linguistic worldviews has been determined. Associative meaning represents the conceptual worldview. Vocabulary definitions reflect the linguistic worldview. To identify main peculiarities in conceptual and linguistic worldviews the lexical item ‘CLIENT’ was selected according to criteria: contextual conditioning, frequency, information, presence in dictionaries and encyclopedias of different areas, expressing relevant concepts nowadays. 915 respondents took part in the experiment. Obtained results (1,600 reactions) have been processed using statistical methods. The application of modeling allowed creating the associative field structure defining core and periphery. Items representing essential features of the concept form the core; secondary features of the subject form the periphery. The core and periphery combine associative meaning of the item. Comparison of lexical and associative meanings has been made according to algorithm: defining main components in the lexeme structure using structural-semantic principle; calculation of core reactions because the lexicon core of the native speaker reflects the actual worldview; establishment total number of core reactions that are connected with vocabulary; determination the level of lexical and associative meanings’ approximation. The economic lexical item ‘CLIENT’ is on the edge of incomplete coincidence according to association and lexical meanings. This fact allows arguing that the conceptual worldview is more dynamic than linguistic. Changes in reality are reflected in core reactions of the associative field only with time being reflected in the lexical meaning.

scholarly journals The substrate of criminal-legal influence

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (68) ◽  
pp. 441-462
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Kozachenko ◽  
Oleksandr Sotula ◽  
Vasyl Biblenko ◽  
Kostiantyn Giulyakov ◽  
Oleksandr Bereznikov
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
The State ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
Primary Element ◽  
Illegal Acts ◽  
Abuse Of Law ◽  
Legal Measure

The aim of the article is found on the idea of measure as a substrate of criminal-legal influence. The publication proposes to consider the measure as a substrate of external forms of legal influence and criminal-legal measure as a primary element of all external forms of criminal-legal influence (in connection with the commission of a criminal act). The analysis allows us to conclude that the substrate of legal influence is a basic element of socio-legal regulation (which substantively combines a system of techniques and methods of influence used to obtain a positive and socially significant result). It should be understood that a criminal-legal measure is a system of techniques and methods of coercive and rehabilitation-encouraging influence of the state on criminal practices (criminal offenses, objectively illegal acts, abuse of law) and lawful post-criminal behavior, which is carried out by the law, determined by the socio-cultural environment. It is concluded that such ideas of Leonardo Polo as coexistence, the abandonment of mental limit, his thoughts on ethics, knowledge, and law can be applied successfully when the criminal-legal measure is characterized by several features that distinguish it from measures of the legal influence of another industry.

Criminological analysis of determinants of criminal behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S4) ◽  
pp. 1483-1499
Author(s):  
Maksym Zabarniy ◽  
Vasyl Topchii ◽  
Tatiana Korniakova ◽  
Oksana Topchii ◽  
Vitalii Topchii
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Criminal Cases ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
Illegal Acts ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Criminal Conduct ◽  
Criminological Theories ◽  
Criminological Analysis ◽  
Case Basis

This article analyzes the process of determination of criminal conduct. The authors argue that the reasons for criminal conduct are individual and can vary significantly on a case-by-case basis. Its dependence on both biological and social factors is stated. The combination of pathological heredity, social environment, political and economic factors can cause criminal behavior. At the same time, the psychological aspects of illegal acts are taken into account within almost all criminological theories to a greater or lesser extent. Criminal behavior is always demonstrated only by an individual and, above all, it is a manifestation of psychological deformities, expressed in the phenomenon of criminogenic contamination. Therefore, understanding its essence will better determine the nature of the warning influence. As a result, it is possible to answer several questions about the determination and nature of criminal behavior, the reasons for the commission of criminal offenses, the peculiarities of the functioning of the mental sphere, psychological problems, complexes, etc. This information helps to optimize methods of crime prevention, provide for further actions of serial criminals, help in the identification of offenders and the investigation of criminal cases.

Social innovation for modified consumption by means of the school subject Art and craft

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita NEUBERG
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
School Subject ◽  
Art And Design ◽  
The Core ◽  
Causal Mechanisms ◽  
The Subject

In this paper I will take a look at how one can facilitate the change in consumption through social innovation, based on the subject of art and design in Norwegian general education. This paper will give a presentation of books, featured relevant articles and formal documents put into context to identify different causal mechanisms around our consumption. The discussion will be anchored around the resources and condition that must be provided to achieve and identify opportunities for action under the subject of Art and craft, a subject in Norwegian general education with designing at the core of the subject, ages 6–16. The question that this paper points toward is: "How can we, based on the subject of Art and craft in primary schools, facilitate the change in consumption through social innovation?”

Rights, Authority, and Workability: An Examination of Universal Jurisdiction

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Srdan Durica
Keyword(s):  
Universal Jurisdiction ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
Contemporary State ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Areas ◽  
The Subject

In this paper, I conceptualize ‘universal jurisdiction’ along three axes: rights, authority, and workability to reduce the compendium of scholarly work on the subject into three prominent focus areas. I then review the longstanding debates between critics and supports, and ultimately show the vitality of this debate and persuasiveness of each side’s sets of arguments. By using these three axes as a sort of methodological filter, one can develop a richer understanding of universal jurisdiction, its theoretical pillars, practical barriers, and the core areas of contention that form the contemporary state of knowledge.

Jalan Kesempurnaan Menurut Jamaah Insan Al-Kamil di Cijati Desa Cikareo Selatan Sumedang

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
Syarifudin Syarifudin
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Religious Sect ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Each religious sect has its own characteristics, whether fundamental, radical, or religious. One of them is Insan Al-Kamil Congregation, which is in Cijati, South Cikareo Village, Wado District, Sumedang Regency. This congregation is Sufism with the concept of self-purification as the subject of its teachings. So, the purpose of this study is to reveal how the origin of Insan Al-Kamil Congregation, the concept of its purification, and the procedures of achieving its purification. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a normative theological approach as the blade of analysis. In addition, the data generated is the result of observation, interviews, and document studies. From the collected data, Jamaah Insan Al-Kamil adheres to the core teachings of Islam and is the tenth regeneration of Islam Teachings, which refers to the Prophet Muhammad SAW. According to this congregation, self-perfection becomes an obligation that must be achieved by human beings in order to remember Allah when life is done. The process of self-purification is done when human beings still live in the world by knowing His God. Therefore, the peak of self-purification is called Insan Kamil. 

John of Kronshtadt and Leo Tolstoy

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 471-478
Author(s):  
Peter A. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Leo Tolstoy ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Common People ◽  
Religious Consciousness ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Main Components

The article provides a comparative analysis of the influence of L.N. Tolstoy and I.I. Sergiev (John of Kronstadt) on the formation of personal worldview in Russian society. The analysis is based on the testimonies of the contemporaries and the previously not reissued publication of “Novy Put” (“New Way”) journal on the subject. In the context of the declared problematics, special attention is paid to the question of transformation of religious consciousness in the course of the personality formation in relation to the period under consideration (the beginning of the 20th century). The author reveals and analyzes the main components of the life stand of Tolstoy and Father John of Kronstadt in the context of their influence on contemporaries. The results of the study allow to reveal the following antitheses that characterize Tolstoy and John of Kronstadt, respectively: doubt - faith, search for oneself – following the once chosen path, preaching of non-resistance as part of the philosophy of not-doing (not doing evil) – preaching of active upholding of faith (doing good), “simple living” – real life with and for common people.

Strategi Humas Partai Gerindra dalam Membangun Citra Partai pada Pemilu 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rialdo Rezeky ◽  
Muhammad Saefullah
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Media Relations ◽  
Executive Board ◽  
The Public ◽  
Community Or ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Right ◽  
Participatory Observation

The approach of this research is qualitative and descriptive. In this study those who become the subject of research is an informant (key figure). The subject of this study is divided into two main components, consisting of internal public and external public that is from the Board of the Central Executive Board of Gerindra Party, Party Cadres, Observers and Journalists. The object of this research is the behavior, activities and opinions of Gerindra Party Public Relation Team. In this study used data collection techniques with interviews, participatory observation, and triangulation of data. The results of this study indicate that the Public Relations Gerindra has implemented strategies through various public relations programs and establish good media relations with the reporters so that socialization goes well. So also with the evaluation that is done related to the strategy of the party. The success of Gerindra Party in maintaining the party’s image in Election 2014 as a result of the running of PR strategy and communication and sharing the right type of program according to the characteristics of the voting community or its constituents.Keywords: PR Strategy, Gerindra Party, Election 2014

The Image of the Accountant in a German Context

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Hoffjan
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Maximum Degree ◽  
Work Ethic ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Management Accountant ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Professional Context

This study introduces content analysis as a method of examining the accountant's role. The empirical study is based on 73 advertisements, which are directed primarily at employees who are affected by the management accountant's work. The findings of the study indicate that the subject of accountancy is used particularly in connection with promises of “cost reduction.” Consequently, the majority of advertisements use the accountant stereotype of “savings personified.” In a professional context, the work ethic of the management accountant is given particular emphasis in the advertisements. He/she identifies him/herself with his/her task to the maximum degree, is regarded as loyal to his/her company and, for the most part, is well organized in his/her work. However, the characterization of the management accountant as a well disciplined company-person conflicts with the negative portrayal of his/her professional qualities. In advertisements, the management accountant is portrayed as a rather inflexible, passive, and uncreative specialist who, as a result of these qualities, often demotivates others. The personal characteristics of the management accountant are shown in a negative light. This gives him/her the unappealing image of a humorless, envious, dissociated, and ascetic corporate-person.

Genealogy of Colonial Discourse: Hindu Traditions and the Limits of European Representation

2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raf Gelders
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Colonial Discourse ◽  
Colonial State ◽  
The Core ◽  
European Culture ◽  
Eastern Cultures ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Core Issues

In the aftermath of Edward Said's Orientalism (1978), European representations of Eastern cultures have returned to preoccupy the Western academy. Much of this work reiterates the point that nineteenth-century Orientalist scholarship was a corpus of knowledge that was implicated in and reinforced colonial state formation in India. The pivotal role of native informants in the production of colonial discourse and its subsequent use in servicing the material adjuncts of the colonial state notwithstanding, there has been some recognition in South Asian scholarship of the moot point that the colonial constructs themselves built upon an existing, precolonial European discourse on India and its indigenous culture. However, there is as yet little scholarly consensus or indeed literature on the core issues of how and when these edifices came to be formed, or the intellectual and cultural axes they drew from. This genealogy of colonial discourse is the subject of this essay. Its principal concerns are the formalization of a conceptual unit in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, called “Hinduism” today, and the larger reality of European culture and religion that shaped the contours of representation.

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