Place of progestogenic oral contraceptives in gynecological practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
I. V. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Combined Hormonal Contraception

The review of the literature presents data on the possible risks of using combined hormonal contraception and the possibilities of prescribing purely progestogenic contraception as an alternative to the use of combined means. Progestogen contraceptives include a group of agents with different routes of administration, doses and characteristics of progestins, which have a number of differences in the ratio of benefits and risks, availability, reversibility and other properties of contraception. Particular attention is paid to purely progestogenic tablets containing desogestrel, as a means equivalent in effectiveness to combination contraceptives, but safer. Safety issues are considered in the context of the use of breastfeeding women, as well as from the standpoint of the risk of arterial and venous thrombosis. The issues of non-contraceptive positive effects of purely progestogenic contraceptives are covered.

The effect of different hormonal contraceptives on plasma levels of free protein S and free TFPI

2013 ◽  
Vol 109 (04) ◽  
pp. 606-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frans M. Helmerhorst ◽  
Kathrin Fleischer ◽  
Anders E. A. Dahm ◽  
Frits R. Rosendaal ◽  
Jan Rosing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Activated Protein C ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Free Protein ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Apc Resistance ◽  
Increased Risk

SummaryUse of combined oral contraceptives is associated with a three- to sixfold increased risk of venous thrombosis. Hormonal contraceptives induce acquired resistance to activated protein C (APC), which predicts the risk of venous thrombosis. The biological basis of the acquired APC resistance is unknown. Free protein S (PS) and free tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) are the two main determinants of APC. Our objective was to assess the effect of both hormonal and non-hormonal contraceptives with different routes of administration on free TFPI and free PS levels. We conducted an observational study in 243 users of different contraceptives and measured APC sensitivity ratios (nAPCsr), free TFPI and free PS levels. Users of contraceptives with the highest risk of venous thrombosis as reported in recent literature, had the lowest free TFPI and free PS levels, and vice versa, women who used contraceptives with the lowest risk of venous thrombosis had the highest free TFPI and free PS levels. An association was observed between levels of free TFPI and nAPCsr, and between free PS and nAPCsr. The effect of oral contraceptives on TFPI and PS is a possible explanation for the increased risk of venous thrombosis associated with oral contraceptives.

scholarly journals Portal Venous Thrombosis Associated with Use of Etonogestrel/ethinyl Estradiol Vaginal Ring

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-266
Author(s):  
Katelynn Bailey ◽  
Michael Tranovich
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Vaginal Ring ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Portal Venous Thrombosis

Introduction: Portal venous thrombosis is a life-threatening cause of abdominal pain. In younger patients, heritable thrombophilias, pregnancy, tobacco use, and oral contraceptives are associated. Case Report: A 26-year-old woman prescribed contraceptive vaginal ring presented with abdominal pain and was diagnosed with an extensive portal venous thrombosis. Management included heparin and later an oral anticoagulant with good short-term outcome. Discussion: Women using hormonal contraception are approximately four times more likely to develop thromboembolism. Risk of thromboembolism is similar between users of intravaginal and oral contraceptives. Conclusion: Portal venous thrombosis must be considered in women presenting with abdominal pain who are prescribed hormonal contraceptives, including intravaginal forms.

scholarly journals The relationship between the use of combined hormonal contraception with a predominance of gestagens and the selected types of female body in young women from the region of Lower Silesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-190
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Karykowska ◽  
Barbara Kwiatkowska ◽  
Joanna Grzelak ◽  
Bożena Kurc-Darak ◽  
Zygmunt Domagała
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Contraceptive Agents ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Combined Hormonal Contraception ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Oral contraceptive agents are currently the most popular and one of the most effective methods for preventing pregnancy. The data shows that over 300 million women in the world use contraceptive drugs containing synthetic hormones to avoid an unwanted pregnancy. Their effects may affect other systems, leading to the occurrence of various problems associated with the use of the drug. The aim of the study is to estimate the frequency of prevalence of subjective effects associated with the use of combined hormonal contraception with a predominance of gestagens by young women Surveys were conducted among female students of Wrocław universities from December 2010 to January 2011. They covered 257 women aged statistically 23.58 (SD=2.95). They were divided into three age classes: 19-22, 23-24, 25-28. The individual age of menarche and the hormonal type of body were determined. Only persons with a gestagenic or estrogenic type of body were qualified for the study. Results: 64.6% of all respondents declared the use of hormonal contraception. Combined agents with a predominance of gestagens constituted 87% in this group. Their use brings both positive (90%) and negative (65%) aspects. The most common positive effects include high contraceptive effectiveness, regulation of menstruation and minimisation of skin problems. The most frequent negative effects include: weight gain, spotting, breast swelling and decreased libido. Surprisingly, the study did not show any correlation between the hormonal type and the occurrence of side effects. There was no significant statistical relationship between the type of hormonal contraception used and the hormonal type.

Hormonal contraception as a method of social adaptation of women in modern society

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Tatyana Yu Pestrikova ◽  
Elena A Yurasova ◽  
Igor V Yurasov ◽  
Tamara D Kovaleva
Keyword(s):  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Aim Analysis ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Chlormadinone Acetate

Relevance. Currently, women make up more than 40% of the global workforce and more than half of students studying at universities around the world. Women's education, especially at a high level, tends to increase female employment. The mismatch of the style and rhythm of modern life with a genetically determined and working millennium reproductive program requires the choice of a specific approach to social adaptation. Aim. Analysis of literary sources on the use of hormonal contraception as a method of social adaptation. Materials and methods. To write this review, domestic and foreign publications were searched in Russian and international search systems (PubMed, eLibrary, etc.) for the last 2-10 years. The review included articles from peer-reviewed literature. Results. The review describes the features of modern hormonal contraceptives. Their non-contraceptive effects are presented. The individual non-contraceptive effects of a combined oral contraceptive containing 30 mg of ethinyl estradiol and 2 mg of chlormadinone acetate were determined. It has been established that the use of this contraceptive helps to improve the well-being and mood of patients, which allows you to actively use this contraceptive in routine clinical practice with premenstrual syndrome, dysmenorrhea, without the use of analgesics. Conclusions. The numerous positive effects of ethinyl estradiol and chlormadinone acetate allow the use of the drug as a means to increase social adaptation, and, consequently, improve the quality of life.

scholarly journals Clinical features of migraine with onset prior to or during start of combined hormonal contraception: a prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele S. Merki-Feld ◽  
Peter S. Sandor ◽  
Rossella E. Nappi ◽  
Heiko Pohl ◽  
Christoph Schankin
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptive ◽  
Natural Cycle ◽  
Free Interval ◽  
Migraine Frequency ◽  
Combined Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Migraine Onset

AbstractMany studies have described the features of menstrually related migraines but there is a lack of knowledge regarding the features of migraine in combined hormonal contraceptive users (CHC). Hormone-withdrawal migraines in the pill-free period could differ from those in the natural cycle. Gynaecologic comorbidities, like dysmenorrhea and endometriosis, but also depression or a family history might modify the course of migraine. A better understanding of migraine features linked to special hormonal situations could improve treatment. For this prospective cohort study, we conducted telephone interviews with women using a CHC and reporting withdrawal migraine to collect information on migraine frequency, intensity, triggers, symptoms, pain medication, gynaecologic history and comorbidities (n = 48). A subset of women agreed to also document their migraines in prospective diaries. The mean number of migraine days per cycle was 4.2 (± 2.7). Around 50% of these migraines occurred during the hormone-free interval. Migraine frequency was significantly higher in women who suffered from migraine before CHC start (5.0 ± 3.1) (n = 22) in comparison to those with migraine onset after CHC start (3.5 ± 2.1) (n = 26). Menstrually related attacks were described as more painful (57.5%), especially in women with migraine onset before CHC use (72%) (p < 0.02). Comorbidities were rare, except dysmenorrhea. The majority of migraine attacks in CHC users occur during the hormone-free interval. Similar as in the natural cycle, hormone-withdrawal migraines in CHC users are very intense and the response to acute medication is less good, especially in those women, who developed migraine before CHC use.

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