scholarly journals The relationship between the use of combined hormonal contraception with a predominance of gestagens and the selected types of female body in young women from the region of Lower Silesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-190
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Karykowska ◽  
Barbara Kwiatkowska ◽  
Joanna Grzelak ◽  
Bożena Kurc-Darak ◽  
Zygmunt Domagała
Keyword(s):  
Young Women ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Contraceptive Agents ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Combined Hormonal Contraception ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Oral contraceptive agents are currently the most popular and one of the most effective methods for preventing pregnancy. The data shows that over 300 million women in the world use contraceptive drugs containing synthetic hormones to avoid an unwanted pregnancy. Their effects may affect other systems, leading to the occurrence of various problems associated with the use of the drug. The aim of the study is to estimate the frequency of prevalence of subjective effects associated with the use of combined hormonal contraception with a predominance of gestagens by young women Surveys were conducted among female students of Wrocław universities from December 2010 to January 2011. They covered 257 women aged statistically 23.58 (SD=2.95). They were divided into three age classes: 19-22, 23-24, 25-28. The individual age of menarche and the hormonal type of body were determined. Only persons with a gestagenic or estrogenic type of body were qualified for the study. Results: 64.6% of all respondents declared the use of hormonal contraception. Combined agents with a predominance of gestagens constituted 87% in this group. Their use brings both positive (90%) and negative (65%) aspects. The most common positive effects include high contraceptive effectiveness, regulation of menstruation and minimisation of skin problems. The most frequent negative effects include: weight gain, spotting, breast swelling and decreased libido. Surprisingly, the study did not show any correlation between the hormonal type and the occurrence of side effects. There was no significant statistical relationship between the type of hormonal contraception used and the hormonal type.

Place of progestogenic oral contraceptives in gynecological practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
I. V. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Combined Hormonal Contraception

The review of the literature presents data on the possible risks of using combined hormonal contraception and the possibilities of prescribing purely progestogenic contraception as an alternative to the use of combined means. Progestogen contraceptives include a group of agents with different routes of administration, doses and characteristics of progestins, which have a number of differences in the ratio of benefits and risks, availability, reversibility and other properties of contraception. Particular attention is paid to purely progestogenic tablets containing desogestrel, as a means equivalent in effectiveness to combination contraceptives, but safer. Safety issues are considered in the context of the use of breastfeeding women, as well as from the standpoint of the risk of arterial and venous thrombosis. The issues of non-contraceptive positive effects of purely progestogenic contraceptives are covered.

Exploring privacy and trust for employee monitoring

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuchih Ernest Chang ◽  
Anne Yenching Liu ◽  
Sungmin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Employee Monitoring ◽  
Communication Privacy ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate privacy boundaries and explores employees’ reactions in employee monitoring. Design/methodology/approach – The research used the metaphor of boundary turbulence in the Communication Privacy Management (CPM) theory to demonstrate the psychological effect on employees. The model comprised organizational culture, CPM, trust, and employee performance in employee monitoring to further investigated the influence exerted by organizational culture and how employees viewed their trust within the organization when implementing employee monitoring. Variables were measured empirically by administrating questionnaires to full-time employees in organizations that currently practice employee monitoring. Findings – The findings showed that a control-oriented organizational culture raised communication privacy turbulence in CPM. The communication privacy turbulence in CPM mostly had negative effects on trust in employee monitoring policy, but not on trust in employee monitoring members. Both trust in employee monitoring policy and trust in employee monitoring members had positive effects on employee commitment and compliance to employee monitoring. Research limitations/implications – This research applied the CPM theory in workplace privacy to explore the relationship between employees’ privacy and trust. The results provide insights of why employees feel psychological resistance when they are forced to accept the practice of employee monitoring. In addition, this study explored the relationship between CPM and trust, and offer support and verification to prior studies. Practical implications – For practitioners, the findings help organizations to improve the performance of their employees and to design a more effective environment for employee monitoring. Originality/value – A research model was proposed to study the impacts of CPM on employee monitoring, after a broad survey on related researches. The validated model and its corresponding study results can be referenced by organization managers and decision makers to make favorable tactics for achieving their goals of implementing employee monitoring.

scholarly journals Vaginal hormonal ring: a modern method for prolonged contraception

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
A. Z. Khashukoeva ◽  
S. A. Khlynova ◽  
S. B. Kerchelaeva ◽  
M. V. Burdenko
Keyword(s):  
Ethinyl Estradiol ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptive ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Contraceptive Effect ◽  
Combined Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Indications For Use

Protection of women’s reproductive health and fertility is one of the priorities for the modern medicine. The prevention of an unintended pregnancy is critical for successful solving of this problem. Prevention of unwanted pregnancy and abortion, medical and social counselling are an integral part of the obstetrician-gynecologist activities. The effectiveness of preventing an unwanted pregnancy is a major factor in choosing a remedy, as well as the ease of use. The article presents information on the new modern contraception methods, including prolonged forms of combined hormonal contraception. A comparative analysis of oral and parenteral contraceptives is provided. The authors gave criteria of efficacy and principles for rational choice of contraceptives. The mechanism of action of a hormonal contraceptive drug containing etonogestrel and ethinyl estradiol is described. The article reviews the main advantages, indications for use and side effects of hormonal releasing systems, which contraceptive effect is provided by a combination of various factors. The suppression of ovulation is the most important of these factors. The researchers provided an analysis of the effect of the vaginal hormonal ring on the biocenosis of vagina and cervical mucosa, on the course of background cervix diseases and the possibility of preventing the development of pathogenic flora, as well as the benefits of its use in women with uncomplicated ectopia of the cervix: the effect on the epithelization of ectopia of columnar epithelium and the beneficial effect on endometrioid heterotopia. The article presents data on the frequency of adverse effects associated with the use of the contraceptive method, as well as risk factors that may become a contraindication to the use of the vaginal hormonal ring. Clear guidelines for postabortion contraception are provided.

scholarly journals Autistic People's Access to Bilingualism and Additional Language Learning: Identifying the Barriers and Facilitators for Equal Opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael Davis ◽  
Sue Fletcher-Watson ◽  
Bérengère G. Digard
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Autistic People ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Additional Language Learning

Bilingualism is a valuable tool that enriches and facilitates cultural, social and lived experiences for autistic and non-autistic people alike. Research consistently finds no negative effects of bilingualism and highlights the potential for positive effects across cognitive and socio-cultural domains for autistic and non-autistic children. Yet parents of autistic children remain concerned that bilingualism will cause delays in both cognitive and language development and are still frequently advised by practitioners to raise their child monolingually. Evidently, findings from research are not reflected in practice or subsequent advice, and it is essential to identify ways to ensure equal access to additional language learning. We briefly summarise the existing literature on bilingualism and autism, considering perspectives from the bilingual autistic community, and experimental research. We identify the most pertinent barriers to participation for autistic bilingual children in terms of familial, clinical and educational perspectives. We propose novel solutions to promote additional language learning and suggest changes to practice that will contribute to an evidence base for families and practitioners. This commentary makes innovative recommendations at both the individual and societal level to ensure that autistic bilingual people have equal rights and opportunities to language learning and are optimally supported in accessing them.

scholarly journals Comparing the Incidence of Disruption in Daily Activities and Quality of Life Score Associated With Oral Health in Patients With Implant Candidates Before and After Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-108
Author(s):  
Omid Amiri Nasab ◽  
Mohammad Bahaodini ◽  
Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi ◽  
Homa Naderifar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Implant Coating ◽  
The Individual

Background: Changes in oral health like tooth loss can have a profound effect on the patients’ quality of life. The condition of relative or complete toothlessness exerts negative effects on chewing, speech, and appearance of the individual. The high capability of dental implants in restoring the beauty and oral function of the patients has led to their widespread usage. This study aimed to compare the quality of life of the toothless patients before and after treatment with implant. Methods: In the present study, 50 patients afflicted with complete or relative toothlessness were examined. Before completing the questionnaires, all participants were asked to complete and sign the consent form of the questionnaire from Oral Impacts on Daily Performance) OIDP). The questionnaires were completed before receiving the implant coating, and a month after the delivery of the patients’ prosthesis. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney, and McNemar. Results: In this study, 50 patients with the mean age of 46.84±11.87 years were investigated. As for the gender and marital status of the participants, 50% (25 patients) were male and 84% (42 ones) were married. According to the data obtained from the OIDP questionnaire, the most significant changes were detected in eating, smiling, laughing and showing teeth without discomfort and speaking clearly, respectively. Moreover, a significant difference was found between the total score of oral effect on daily activities and some levels included in disruption questionnaire on daily activities such as eating, speaking clearly, going out, sleeping, relaxation, smiling, enjoying communication with others, job-related activities, as well as emotional conditions (Irritability); however, no significant difference was found between cases of cleaning teeth and light physical activity. Conclusions: According to the data from OIDP questionnaire and the study results, implant had favorable effects on the quality of life of the patients. However, long-term studies and follow-ups are necessary to determine other possible favorable effects of implant treatment.

scholarly journals Autistic people’s access to bilingualism and additional language learning: identifying the barriers and facilitators for equal opportunities.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael Davis ◽  
Sue Fletcher-Watson ◽  
Bérengère Galadriel Digard
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Autistic People ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Additional Language Learning

Bilingualism is a valuable tool that enriches and facilitates cultural, social and lived experiences for autistic and non-autistic people alike. Research consistently finds no negative effects of bilingualism and highlights the potential for positive effects across cognitive and socio-cultural domains for autistic and non-autistic children. Yet parents of autistic children remain concerned that bilingualism will cause delays in both cognitive and language development and are still frequently advised by practitioners to raise their child monolingually. Evidently, findings from research are not reflected in practice or subsequent advice, and it is essential to identify ways to ensure equal access to additional language learning.We briefly summarise the existing literature on bilingualism and autism, considering perspectives from the bilingual autistic community, and experimental research. We identify the most pertinent barriers to participation for autistic bilingual children in terms of familial, clinical and educational perspectives. We propose novel solutions to promote additional language learning, and suggest changes to practice that will contribute to an evidence base for families and practitioners. This commentary makes innovative recommendations at both the individual and societal level to ensure that autistic bilingual people have equal rights and opportunities to language learning and are optimally supported in accessing them.

scholarly journals Firm Specific Factors dan Profitabilitas Sub-Sektor Properti di Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Muhammad Madyan ◽  
Putri Yanti Lestyarini ◽  
Novian Abdi Firdausi
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Firm Growth ◽  
Financial Leverage ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Research Period

This study analyzes effects of firm specific factors to the profitability of property and real estate sub-sector which listed in BEI in time period of 2010-2015. Firm specific factors are measured with liquidity, financial leverage, firm size, and firm growth as generally used determinants. This reasearch used purposive sampling method at 33 firms which fulfill the research criterions, which are firms listed consistently in BEI’s property and real estate sub-sector, also publishing financial statements routinely during research period. Analysis proceeded by using multiple linear regression with study results show that liquidity and financial leverage have negative effects to profitability, while firm size and firm growth have positive effects to profitability.

Individual choice of hormonal contraceptive

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
I. V. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptive ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Individual Choice ◽  
Individual Selection ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Selection Of

Contraception is a unique tool that helps not only to avoid unwanted pregnancy and its termination, but also to get additional health benefits. However, the prevalence of the use of contraceptives as a whole and the resource itself, in terms of additional benefits, hormonal contraception, is far from the actual needs. The presented review substantiates the algorithm for the individual selection of a hormonal drug depending on the clinical portrait of a woman in order to solve the problem of reliable and safe protection from pregnancy with preventive and therapeutic effects.

Undesirable Effects of Goal Setting on Perceived Fairness, Commitment, and Unethical Behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Keith
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Unethical Behavior ◽  
The United States ◽  
Goal Commitment ◽  
Management Technique ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Perceived Fairness ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
And Performance

Abstract. The positive effects of goal setting on motivation and performance are among the most established findings of industrial–organizational psychology. Accordingly, goal setting is a common management technique. Lately, however, potential negative effects of goal-setting, for example, on unethical behavior, are increasingly being discussed. This research replicates and extends a laboratory experiment conducted in the United States. In one of three goal conditions (do-your-best goals, consistently high goals, increasingly high goals), 101 participants worked on a search task in five rounds. Half of them (transparency yes/no) were informed at the outset about goal development. We did not find the expected effects on unethical behavior but medium-to-large effects on subjective variables: Perceived fairness of goals and goal commitment were least favorable in the increasing-goal condition, particularly in later goal rounds. Results indicate that when designing goal-setting interventions, organizations may consider potential undesirable long-term effects.

Mobilizing for Some

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffael Heiss ◽  
Jörg Matthes
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Social Media ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Political Efficacy ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
School Students ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Specific Factors

Abstract. This study investigated the effects of politicians’ nonparticipatory and participatory Facebook posts on young people’s political efficacy – a key determinant of political participation. We employed an experimental design, using a sample of N = 125 high school students (15–20 years). Participants either saw a Facebook profile with no posts (control condition), nonparticipatory posts, or participatory posts. While nonparticipatory posts did not affect participants’ political efficacy, participatory posts exerted distinct effects. For those high in trait evaluations of the politician presented in the stimulus material or low in political cynicism, we found significant positive effects on external and collective efficacy. By contrast, for those low in trait evaluations or high in cynicism, we found significant negative effects on external and collective efficacy. We did not find any effects on internal efficacy. The importance of content-specific factors and individual predispositions in assessing the influence of social media use on participation is discussed.

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