scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of the Epidermal Mucus of Barbodes everetti

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. a40-44
Author(s):  
JIAZHEN LIM ◽  
YANG LEE ◽  
BADIOZAMAN SULAIMAN ◽  
LESLEY MAURICE BILUNG ◽  
YEE LING CHONG
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Epidermal Mucus

The epidermal mucus of fish contains antimicrobial agents that act as biological defence against disease. This study aims to identify antibacterial activity and protein concentration of epidermal mucus of Barbodes everetti, a Bornean endemic freshwater fish. The epidermal mucus was extracted with 3% acetic acid, 0.85% sodium chloride and crude solvents. The mucus activity against eight strains of human pathogenic bacteria, including Bacillus cereus ATCC 33019, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Salmonella braenderup ATCC BAA 664, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25933, and Vibrio cholerae, were tested. The acetic acid mucus extract of B. everetti was able to inhibit five strains of bacteria and show no activity toward E. coli O157:H7, B. cereus ATCC 33019 and L. monocytogenes ATCC 7644. Moreover, the highest protein concentration was quantified in crude extract, followed by aqueous and acetic acid extracts. This study provides a preliminary knowledge on the activity of epidermal mucus of B. everetti towards five out of the eight human pathogens tested, therefore it may contain potential sources of novel antibacterial components which could be further extracted for the production of natural antibiotics towards human-related pathogenic bacteria. Keywords: Antibacterial, antimicrobial properties, Barbodes everetti, epidermal mucus, pathogenic bacteria

Reducing Pathogens by Using Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Acetic Acid in Sheep Meat

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 1599-1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAHBOUBEH MIRHOSSEINI ◽  
VAHID ARJMAND
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sheep Meat

Practical applications of different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 mM) of zinc oxide (ZnO) suspensions containing 1% acetic acid were investigated against the pathogenic bacteria Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus cereus. ZnO suspensions (0, 1, 3, 6, and 8 mM) containing acetic acid had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of L. monocytogenes, E. coli, and S. aureus during 12 h of incubation, and the 8 mM suspensions of ZnO were the most effective against all the strains. These data suggested that the antibacterial activity of ZnO was concentration dependent. Thus, 6 and 8 mM ZnO were selected for further studies in meat. ZnO nanoparticles reduced initial growth of all inoculated strains in meat. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles in meat and indicates the potential of these nanoparticles as an antibacterial agent in the food industry.

Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella in Cranberry, Lemon, and Lime Juice Concentrates

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 1637-1641 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARA C. L. NOGUEIRA ◽  
OMAR A. OYARZÁBAL ◽  
DAVID E. GOMBAS
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Bacterial Inactivation ◽  
Lime Juice ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
C 32

The production of thermally concentrated fruit juices uses temperatures high enough to achieve at least a 5-log reduction of pathogenic bacteria that can occur in raw juice. However, the transportation and storage of concentrates at low temperatures prior to final packaging is a common practice in the juice industry and introduces a potential risk for postconcentration contamination with pathogenic bacteria. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the likelihood of Escherichia coli O157: H7, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella surviving in cranberry, lemon, and lime juice concentrates at or above temperatures commonly used for transportation or storage of these concentrates. This study demonstrates that cranberry, lemon, and lime juice concentrates possess intrinsic antimicrobial properties that will eliminate these bacterial pathogens in the event of postconcentration recontamination. Bacterial inactivation was demonstrated under all conditions; at least 5-log Salmonella inactivation was consistently demonstrated at −23°C (−10°F), at least 5-log E. coli O157:H7 inactivation was consistently demonstrated at −11°C (12°F), and at least 5-log L. monocytogenes inactivation was consistently demonstrated at 0°C (32°F).

scholarly journals Isolation, characterization, and molecular identification of soil bacteria showing antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Prashanthi ◽  
Shreevatsa G.K. ◽  
Krupalini S. ◽  
Manoj L.
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Culture Filtrates ◽  
Proteinase K Treatment

Abstract Background The present study dealt with the screening of soil bacteria with antibacterial activity from different locations in Bangalore, India. Antibiotics play the role of self-defense mechanism for the bacteria and are produced as secondary metabolites to protect themselves from other competitive microorganisms. The need for new antibiotics arose as the pathogenic bacteria acquire resistance to various antibiotics meant for treating human diseases. Given the importance of antibiotics of bacterial origin, standard techniques have been used to isolate and characterize the soil bacteria which showed antibacterial activity. Results The isolated bacteria were tested against human pathogenic bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae by primary and secondary screening methods. The isolates PR1, PR2, and PR3 were confirmed to have antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae by both methods. Studies on the effect of filter sterilization, autoclaving, and proteinase K treatment on culture filtrates showed filter sterilization as the best method. The effect of different carbon and nitrogen sources on the antibacterial activity showed that preference by each isolate differed for carbon and nitrogen requirements. The isolates PR1, PR2, and PR3 were identified as Bacillus aryabhattai strain PR-D07, Arthrobacter humicola strain PR-F07, and Neomicrococcus lactis strain PR-F11 through 16S rRNA sequencing. Conclusion Findings from this research work are encouraging and could proceed further to applied aspects. Only 3 bacterial isolates out of 263 isolates from soil samples displayed antibacterial activity against human pathogens S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae. They were identified as B. aryabhattai, A. humicola, and N. lactis by 16S rRNA studies and all of them are Gram-positive. Each isolate preferred different carbon and nitrogen sources for their enhanced antibacterial activity. Efficacy of the culture filtrates of these isolates was tested by filter sterilization, autoclaving, and proteinase K treatment. Filter-sterilized culture filtrates showed higher antibacterial activity than other treatments. A comparison of the antibacterial activity of culture filtrates and antibiotic streptomycin produced an inhibition zone of 18.5 mm and 15.5 mm respectively. This is the first report on the antibacterial activity of all the 3 bacterial strains (B. aryabhattai strain PR-D07, A. humicola strain PR-F07, and N. lactis strain PR-F11), against all the human pathogens, mentioned earlier. It is also found that the antibiotic factor is proteinaceous as proteinase K considerably reduced the antibacterial activity of the culture filtrates. With the above significant results, these 3 bacteria are considered to be promising candidates for the isolation of new antibacterial agents.

Proteome Analysis of Virulence Factor Regulated by Autoinducer-2–like Activity in Escherichia coli O157:H7

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
YOUNGHOON KIM ◽  
SANGNAM OH ◽  
EUN YOUNG AHN ◽  
JEE-YOUNG IMM ◽  
SEJONG OH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Proteome Analysis ◽  
Protein Translation ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Autoinducer 2

Many pathogenic bacteria, including Escherichia coli O157:H7, can control gene expression in a cell density–dependent manner by producing small signaling molecules (autoinducers) in a process known as quorum sensing. In this study, the effects of the autoinducer-2–like activity on the expression of proteins, including virulence factors, in E. coli O157:H7 were characterized by proteomic analysis. Compared with the control, E. coli O157:H7 strains in the presence of autoinducer-2–like activity exhibited elevated virulence by more rapidly forming cell aggregates on epithelial cells and rapidly killing the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the surrogate host. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed 18 proteins that were upregulated by autoinducer-2–like activity and 4 proteins that were down-regulated. These proteins were further characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and are involved in the metabolic process, adaptation and protection, cell motility, secretion, envelope biogenesis, and protein translation. These results indicate that the newly identified proteins are associated with the control of virulence in E. coli O157:H7 and that these proteins can be potential targets for the development of antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents.

Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Properties of (R)-(-)-4-Phenyl-2 Oxazolidinone Based Azetidinones

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyamal Baruah ◽  
Amrit Puzari ◽  
Farhana Sultana ◽  
Jayanta Barman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Alkyl Side Chain ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Aromatic Imines

Introduction: A series of (R)-(-)-4-Phenyl-2 oxazolidinone based azetidinones (4a-i) were synthesized from the reaction of (2-Oxo-4-phenyl-oxazolidin-3-yl) acetic acid with aromatic imines (3a-i) in the presence of Thionyl chloride and Triethylamine as a base. Methods: The transformation proceeds through the formation of acid chloride to ketene which finally forms the azetidinones through [2+2] cycloaddition with aromatic imines. Products obtained were screened to evaluate their antibacterial activity with respect to known bacteria like Escherichia Coli (E. Coli) and Bacillus subtilis. Results and Conclusion: In most of the cases, azetidinones were found to exhibit superior antimicrobial properties than oxazolidinones. They were found to be a good inhibitor of gram-positive and gramnegative bacteria. Enhancement of antibacterial property can be attributed to the presence of azetidinone ring and hydrophobic alkyl side chain in the scaffolds.

Microbiological Safety of Mayonnaise, Salad Dressings, and Sauces Produced in the United States: A Review

2000 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 1144-1153 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. SMITTLE
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
The United States ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Natural Preservatives ◽  
Adequate Research ◽  
Food Regulations

The literature on the death and survival of foodborne pathogens in commercial mayonnaise, dressing, and sauces was reviewed and statistically analyzed with emphasis on Salmonella, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Listeria monocytogenes. The absence of reports of foodborne illness associated directly with the consumption of commercially prepared acidic dressings and sauces is evidence of their safety. Salmonella, E. coli O157: H7, E. coli, L. monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Yersinia enterocolitica die when inoculated into mayonnaise and dressings. Historically, mayonnaise and dressings have been exempt from the acidified food regulations and have justly deserved this status due primarily to the toxic effect of acetic and to a lesser extent lactic and citric acids. These organic acids are inimical to pathogenic bacteria and are effective natural preservatives with acetic being the most effective in killing pathogenic bacteria at the pH values encountered in these products. Statistical analysis on data reported in the literature shows that the most important and significant factor in destroying pathogenic bacteria is pH as adjusted with acetic acid followed by the concentration of acetic acid in the water phase. The reported highest manufacturing target pH for dressings and sauces is 4.4, which is below the 4.75 pKa of acetic acid and below the reported inhibitory pH of 4.5 for foodborne pathogens in the presence of acetic acid. The overall conclusion is that these products are very safe. They should remain exempt from the acidified food regulations providing adequate research has been done to validate their safety, and the predominant acid is acetic and reasonable manufacturing precautions are taken.

scholarly journals Transfer of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to Spinach by House Flies, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakmini Wasala ◽  
Justin L. Talley ◽  
Udaya DeSilva ◽  
Jacqueline Fletcher ◽  
Astri Wayadande
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
House Flies ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Filth Flies ◽  
Microscopy Techniques ◽  
Nutrition Source

Filth flies are known mechanical vectors of pathogenic bacteria in hospital and restaurant settings, but their role as vectors for disseminating microbes to plants has not been demonstrated. Escherichia coli O157:H7 deposition by flies onto spinach was studied using molecular, microbiological, and microscopy techniques. Relative quantitative polymerase chain reaction studies showed that bacteria acquired by flies from contaminated cattle manure and deposited in regurgitation spots on leaves survived and multiplied. Scanning electron microscopy of the regurgitation spots of flies exposed to manure inoculated with E. coli suggested the multiplication of bacteria-like organisms within the spots. This finding implies that the bacteria were active and is consistent with a hypothesis that regurgitation spots serve as a nutrition source allowing E. coli O157:H7 to survive on the spinach phylloplane. E. coli O157:H7 persisted on fly body surfaces up to 13 days after exposure to acquisition sources, suggesting that fly cuticular surfaces are conducive to the growth of this pathogen. These results are consistent with the hypothesis of bioenhanced transmission of human pathogens by house flies and suggest that filth flies may affect the microbial safety of fresh produce.

Comparison of Quality in Aquacultured Fresh Catfish Fillets II. Pathogens E. coli O157:H7, Campylobacter, Vibrio, Plesiomonas, and Klebsiella†

1997 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 1182-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
CUSTY F. FERNANDES ◽  
GEORGE J. FLICK ◽  
JUAN L. SILVA ◽  
THOMAS A. McCASKEY
Keyword(s):  
Ictalurus Punctatus ◽  
Channel Catfish ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Warm Weather ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Catfish Fillets ◽  
Plate Counts

Aquacultured channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) were evaluated for the presence of human pathogenic bacteria. Fresh catfish fillets procured from three catfish processors in the southeastern United States during the four annual seasons (e.g., summer, fall, winter, and fall) were screened for selected human pathogens. At each sampling time point, 20 freshly processed catfish fillets were randomly selected from each processor during each season. Five catfish fillets were randomly selected for aerobic plate counts and all 20 fillets were screened for five pathogenic bacteria viz. Campylobacter jejuni/coli, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae, Plesiomonas shigelloides, and Vibrio cholerae. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the aerobic plate counts due to differences in unit processing operations and processing season. C. jejuni/coli, E. coli O157:H7 and K. pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae were not isolated. Only P. shigelloides and V. cholerae were isolated during the warm weather.

scholarly journals UNPRECEDENTED ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF PROSOPIS CINERARIA LEAVES

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Vibha Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Prosopis Cineraria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis Atcc

The antibacterial effect of Prosopis cineraria leaves was evaluated on multidrug resistant (MDR) strains of Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), E. coli (ATCC 8739), Salmonella enterica (ATCC 14028), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853). Powdered leaves of the tree were treated with methanol for the extraction. Crude methanol extracts of the leaves of P. cineraria was investigated for their antibacterial activity against a wide range of bacteria (both gram-positive and gram-negative) by agar well diffusion method. Ciprofloxacin was used as standard. The methanolic leaves extracts of P. cineraria showed a remarkable inhibition of the microorganisms. The potency shown by these extracts recommends their use against multidrug resistant microorganisms. The present study suggests that the methanol extract of the leaves of P. cineraria exhibited a potential antibacterial activity against the tested microorganisms and could be a potential source of new antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals Modulation of antibacterial activity of actinomycetes by co-culture with pathogenic bacteria

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Uzzal Haque ◽  
Md Ajijur Rahman ◽  
Md Anwarul Haque ◽  
Ashish Kumar Sarker ◽  
Md Anwar Ul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Microbial Competition ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Diffusion Assay

In this study, we investigated the effect of pathogenic bacteria on the production of antibiotics by actinomycetes. We used four strains of actinomycetes-ANAM-5, ANAM-39, AIAH-10 and ANTS-1, which were isolated from the soils of Sundrabans, Bangladesh. All the strains were cultured in absence or presence of either alive or heatkilled human pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli). The antibacterial activity of cultured cell-free supernatant fluid was analyzed by disc diffusion assay against the inducer strains. Three out of the four marine actinomycetes tested showed enhanced antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli. ANAM-5 and AIAH-10 showed enhanced antibacterial activity when co-cultured with Staphylococcus aureus whereas ANAM-5 and ANAM-39 showed enhanced antibacterial activity when co-cultured with E. coli. The highest enhancement of antibacterial activity was exhibited by the strain ANAM-5 against Staphylococcus aureus (from 9 mm to 18 mm inhibition zone). The study has important ecological and biotechnological implications in case of microbial competition in the natural environment and may become helpful to discover novel classes of antibiotics with high specificity and huge production.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 18(1): 61-65, 2015

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