PHYTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND TANNIN STABILITY TEST FROM KLUWEK (Pangium edule Reinw)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Siti Warnasih ◽  
Uswatun Hasanah
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Natural Dye ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
Tannin Content ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Duration Of Heating ◽  
Uv Rays

One of the herbs that can be used as a source of natural dye is the kluwek which is brown. This study aims to determine the type of secondary metabolite compounds producing color, and to determine the stability of tannin in various conditions such as pH, oxidizing, UV rays, heating temperature, and storage using UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. This research includes preparation of kluwek, extraction with acetone:water (7:3) with maceration method, phytochemical test (tannin, flavonoid, carotenoid, and anthocyanin) and total tannins, and tannin stability test on various pH, oxidizing, UV rays, temperature and duration of heating, and storage using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. The results obtained are kluwek extract containing tannin, flavonoid, carotenoid, and anthocyanin compounds, and total tannins 2.80%. Based on the tannin content, kluwek extract stable at pH 6-7, heating 60-80 oC, and storage up to 9 days at temperature 27 C, and kluwek extract unstable when contact with 1% H2O2, UV light, and if kept at cold temperature (10 ?C).

scholarly journals Effects of UV-Light, Temperature and Storage on the Stability and Biological Effectiveness of Some Insecticides

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Uv Light ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Light Storage ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Residual Level ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Biological Effectiveness ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Uv Rays

Effects of UV-Light, Temperature and Storage on the Stability and Biological Effectiveness of Some InsecticidesThe degradation and biological effectiveness of five insecticides, ES-Fenvalerate (Soumi Gold), pirimicarb (Afox), imidacloprid (Emax), buprofenzin (Ablloud) and methomyl (Methiolate) in their aqueous preparations and emulsifiable concentrates, on immature stages of whitefly insectBemisia tabaci. when exposed to UV-light, two different temperatures and daylight and dark storage after exposure intervals was studied. The results indicated the degradation rates of the five tested insecticides varied according to the chemical structure, time of exposure and wavelength of UV-rays used. Of all the five insecticides, methomyl was the most affected by UV-rays. Losses of ES-Fenvalerate, pirimicarb, imidacloprid, buprofenzin and methomyl within this period were 11.30, 14.80, 29.03, 31.83 and 39%, respectively after one hour to UV-ray exposure. A significant increase in LC50value was obtained when ES-Fenvalerate in aqueous preparation was exposed to UV-light for 6 hr. The LC50values and their confidence ranges in aqueous preparations and emulsifiable concentrates were 107.5 ppm (51.7-199.2) and 93.10 ppm (48.3-150.4). The residual level of Fenvalerate, pirimicarb, imidacloprid, buprofenzin and methomyl were 13.52, 17.54 ppm; 12.67, 15.87 ppm; 11.78, 16.47 ppm; 11.38, 14.73 ppm; and 11.36, 11.83 ppm for two days exposed to daylight and dark storage. Insecticides could be arranged according to LC50values at zero-time as follow: ES-Fenvalerate, pirimicarb, imidacloprid, buprofenzin and methomyl. The corresponding values of LC50were 3.40, 15.4, 15.6, 16.2 and 23.5 ppm for daylight storage. On the other hand, the dark storage exposure for the tested insecticides could be arranged according to LC50values as follow: ES-Fenvalerate, imidacloprid, pirimicarb, buprofenzin and methomyl. The corresponding LC50were 3.20, 14.8, 14.9, 15.9 and 21.3 ppm, respectively. In general, the amount recovered after a one day, 45°C exposure were 14.63, 12.84, 12.79, 12.14 and 11.76 ppm, for ES-Fenvalerate, pirimicarb, imidacloprid, buprofenzin and methomyl, respectively. While the amounts recovered after a three day 45°C exposure were 9.28, 8.34, 7.76, 7.72 and 5.83 ppm for ES-Fenvalerate, pirimicarb, imidacloprid, buprofenzin and methomyl, respectively. Efficiency against whitefly insect,B. tabaciimmature stages was affected when aqueous preparations of the five tested insecticides were stored at 45°C for one and three days, compared to those stored under normal condition of 25°C for the same periods of time. Generally it could be concluded that buprofenzin n and methomyl, were more affected by UV-light, storage and temperature than ES-Fenvalerate, pirimicarb, imidacloprid.

scholarly journals Morphology, Stability, and Application of Lycopene Microcapsules Produced by Complex Coacervation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glaucia A. Rocha-Selmi ◽  
Carmen S. Favaro-Trindade ◽  
Carlos R. F. Grosso
Keyword(s):  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Complex Coacervation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
High Degree ◽  
And Storage

The interest in lycopene has increased in recent years due to studies that associate it with the reduction in risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and cancer. However, due to its high degree of unsaturation, this carotenoid is inclined to isomerize and oxidize during processing and storage, making it difficult to use in the food industry. Microencapsulation can improve this situation, increasing its stability and making incorporation into food formulations possible. Thus, the aim of this study was to microencapsulate lycopene by complex coacervation using gelatin and gum Arabic as the encapsulating agents. The microcapsules were evaluated based on the encapsulation efficiency and their morphology and then submitted to a stability test and applied in cake making. Most of the systems studied presented spherical microcapsules with defined walls. The encapsulation efficiency values were above 90%, and the average diameter of the capsules ranged from 61 to 144 μm. The stability test showed that microencapsulation offered greater protection to the lycopene as compared to its free form. The application of nonfreeze dried coacervated microcapsules in cake making was satisfactory, but the color transference was low when freezedried coacervated microcapsules were used.

scholarly journals Ekstraksi dan Uji Stabilitas Zat Warna Alami dari Bayam Merah (Alternanthera amoena Voss)

KOVALEN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-217
Author(s):  
Khairuddin ◽  
Joy Noldy Baciang ◽  
Indriani ◽  
Nov Irmawati Inda
Keyword(s):  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Natural Dye ◽  
Natural Dyes ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
Stability Testing ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Color Degradation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Better Than

Research on the extraction and stability test of natural dye from red spinach (Alternanthera amoena Voss) has been carried out. This study aims to determine the effect of pH and length of sun exposure on the stability of the dye from red spinach. Extraction using the maceration method with ethanol solvent and measurement using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Stability testing is carried out at pH 2-5 and sun exposure for 1-4 hours using a dark and light container. The results obtained, at pH 2 and pH 3, anthocyanins were more stable, compared to pH 4 and 5 which had greater color degradation. In exposure to sunlight, dark containers with a degradation percentage of 31.70% were better than clear containers with a percentage of 48.78%. Keywords: Anthocyanin, red spinach, natural dyes stability.

scholarly journals Stability and Photoisomerization of Stilbenes Isolated from the Bark of Norway Spruce Roots

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1036
Author(s):  
Harri Latva-Mäenpää ◽  
Riziwanguli Wufu ◽  
Daniel Mulat ◽  
Tytti Sarjala ◽  
Pekka Saranpää ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Functional Ingredients ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
And Storage

Stilbenes or stilbenoids, major polyphenolic compounds of the bark of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst), have potential future applications as drugs, preservatives and other functional ingredients due to their antioxidative, antibacterial and antifungal properties. Stilbenes are photosensitive and UV and fluorescent light induce trans to cis isomerisation via intramolecular cyclization. So far, the characterizations of possible new compounds derived from trans-stilbenes under UV light exposure have been mainly tentative based only on UV or MS spectra without utilizing more detailed structural spectroscopy techniques such as NMR. The objective of this work was to study the stability of biologically interesting and readily available stilbenes such as astringin and isorhapontin and their aglucones piceatannol and isorhapontigenin, which have not been studied previously. The effects of fluorescent and UV light and storage on the stability of trans stilbenes were assessed and the identification and characterisation of new compounds formed during our experiments were carried out by chromatographic (HPLC, GC) and spectroscopic techniques (UV, MS, NMR). The stilbenes undergo a trans to cis isomerisation under extended UV irradiation by intramolecular cyclisation (by the formation of a new C-C bond and the loss of two hydrogens) to phenanthrene structures. The characterised compounds are novel and not described previously.

scholarly journals COMPARISON BETWEEN CUSTOMS PREPARATIONS AND WORKOUT PREPARATIONS FOR PESTICIDE PROFENOFOS FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES AND UNDER SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (No 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hala. M. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Uv Light ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Sunlight Exposure ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Trade Name ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Different Sources

Four generic profenfos formulations under trade name Camkron and Tiliton 72% EC (customs, workout) for each of those, which currently applied in Egypt from different companies were studied for the effects of sunlight exposure, UV-light, PH and storage on the stability of profenofos, its respective impurity 4-bromo-2-chlorophenol content and water as a relevant impurity. Exposure to sunlight, UV-light at 16 hours and storage for 14 days at 54±2o C indicated various degradation effects on profenofos content and increase the formation of its impurity 4-bromo-2-chlorophenol and the change in PH in long period cause breakdown of the active substance instability of some component. The storage of profenofos at intervals of 3, 7 and 14 days at 54 ± 2o C from the results obtained showed serious effects on the rate of degradation of profenofos and the increase in the rate of formation of 4-bromo-2-chlorophenol, as well as on sunlight, UV-light exposure, for all of the profenofos formulations under study. It found that the Camkron (workout) is invalid for use it may be due to several factors affecting the consistency of the formulation of profenofos in the manufacturing process, the origins of technical materials, the use of various forms of adjuvants and the long storage time in poor conditions. Analysis before and after storage, sunlight exposure, UV-light using GC-MS identified four degradation products: 4-bromo-2-chlorophenol, O-(4-bromophenyl) O-ethyl S-propyl phosphorothioate, O-(2-chlorophenyl) O-ethyl S-propyl phosphorothioate and O-(4-bromo-2-chlorophenyl) S-propyl hydrogen phosphorothioate and also used IR spectra.

scholarly journals Stability of Eleutherine americana (L.) Merr. Extract as Lipstick Colorants as the Change of Temperature, Time, Storage Condition and the Presence of Oxidator

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewi Mayasari ◽  
Taofik Rusdiana ◽  
Yulien Ratu Kania ◽  
Marline Abdassah
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Condition ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
C 50 ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Temperature Time ◽  
Color Pigment ◽  
Eleutherine Americana ◽  
Temperature Storage

Bawang Tiwai (Eleutherine americana (L.) Merr bulbus. is a typical plant from Kutai tribes which commonly used as an anti-bacterial and food coloring. The stability test is performed to determine the stability of the extract. Stability test was conducted in two solvents are distilled water and ethanol include the effects of temperature (25°C, 50°C, 80°C), pH (3, 5, 7), an oxidant for 6 hours, conditions of storage at room temperature and the temperature of the refrigerator for 24 hours and storage for 2 weeks. The absorbance of extract in ethanol and aquadest was decreasing due to the change of temperature, time, the presence of oxidator but due to pH changes, the absorbance of extract was increasing. Meanwhile, on the storage condition, showed the highest absorbance on dark, and room temperature storage compared to other condition.Key words: Eleutherine americana (L.) Merr bulbus, stability, color pigment

Sorbitol enhances the physicochemical stability of B12 vitamers

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 439-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Hadinata Lie ◽  
Maria V Chandra-Hioe ◽  
Jayashree Arcot
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Uv Exposure ◽  
Physicochemical Stability ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Stability

Abstract. The stability of B12 vitamers is affected by interaction with other water-soluble vitamins, UV light, heat, and pH. This study compared the degradation losses in cyanocobalamin, hydroxocobalamin and methylcobalamin due to the physicochemical exposure before and after the addition of sorbitol. The degradation losses of cyanocobalamin in the presence of increasing concentrations of thiamin and niacin ranged between 6%-13% and added sorbitol significantly prevented the loss of cyanocobalamin (p<0.05). Hydroxocobalamin and methylcobalamin exhibited degradation losses ranging from 24%–26% and 48%–76%, respectively; added sorbitol significantly minimised the loss to 10% and 20%, respectively (p < 0.05). Methylcobalamin was the most susceptible to degradation when co-existing with ascorbic acid, followed by hydroxocobalamin and cyanocobalamin. The presence of ascorbic acid caused the greatest degradation loss in methylcobalamin (70%-76%), which was minimised to 16% with added sorbitol (p < 0.05). Heat exposure (100 °C, 60 minutes) caused a greater loss of cyanocobalamin (38%) than UV exposure (4%). However, degradation losses in hydroxocobalamin and methylcobalamin due to UV and heat exposures were comparable (>30%). At pH 3, methylcobalamin was the most unstable showing 79% degradation loss, which was down to 12% after sorbitol was added (p < 0.05). The losses of cyanocobalamin at pH 3 and pH 9 (~15%) were prevented by adding sorbitol. Addition of sorbitol to hydroxocobalamin at pH 3 and pH 9 reduced the loss by only 6%. The results showed that cyanocobalamin was the most stable, followed by hydroxocobalamin and methylcobalamin. Added sorbitol was sufficient to significantly enhance the stability of cobalamins against degradative agents and conditions.

Preparation, Stabilization and Some Properties of Purified Human Plasmin*

1964 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 075-084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel L Kline ◽  
Jacob B Fishman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Stable Form ◽  
Neutral Ph ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Storage

Summary1. Lysine increased the solubility, decreased the SK requirement and increased the stability of plasmin prepared from purified plasminogen by SK activation.2. A procedure is presented for the rapid and quantitative conversion of plasminogen to plasmin and storage of the plasmin in stable form at neutral pH as a lyophilized powder.3. Approximately 10% for the plasminogen molecule was split off during its activation. No carbohydrate was lost.4. The plasmin isolated was homogeneous in the ultracentrifuge at pH 2.5 and was quantitatively convertible to plasminogen activator by the addition of SK.

Evaluation of the quality and the stability of human samples for analysis and storage in biorepository

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo André Lange ◽  
Caroline Galgowski ◽  
Anna Cecília Roncalio ◽  
Fabiana Sehnem ◽  
Grabriela Borgmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Samples ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Storage
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