scholarly journals STUDY OF THE ELECTRONIC TOTAL STATION TRAVEL FOCUSING LENS MOVEMENT INFLUENCE ON THE SIGHTING AXIS POSITION

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Anton V. Nikonov ◽  
Nadezhda M. Ryabova ◽  
Sergey P. Alekseev
Keyword(s):  
Construction Site ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Total Station ◽  
Vertical Circle ◽  
Geodetic Measurements ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Angular Measurements ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Axis Position ◽  
Focusing Lens

When carrying out geodetic work inside production shops or on a construction site, it is necessary to significantly change the focusing of the telescope. Refocusing the telescope can lead to a shift in the sighting axis, and, accordingly, to a decrease in the accuracy of angular measurements. The article presents the results of laboratory studies to determine the horizontal error of collimation and vertical index error of the Leica total station for distances from 2 to 84 m. Therefore, after checking the collimation and vertical index error and automatically taking into account their influence, it is allowed performing geodetic measurements at one position of the vertical circle. In particular, this makes it possible to speed up the execution of fan-shaped trigonometric leveling with short sights, which is performed when observing the settlements of the foundations of industrial buildings and structures.

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE LED REMOVABLE NOZZLE ON THE REFLECTOR OF AN ELECTRON TOTAL STATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Petr P. Murzintsev ◽  
Alexey V. Novikov ◽  
Alexander S. Repin
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Instrument Making ◽  
Total Station ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Geodetic Measurements ◽  
Bad Weather

The article presents the results of a study of a removable LED nozzle on the reflector of an electronic total station. A description of the LED removable nozzle on the reflector of the electronic total station is made. The results of measurements of the runtime of pointing the device at the reflector at night, at various distances and in bad weather conditions (snowfall) are presented. A comparison between the results of studies with different backlight modes of the total station reflector is made. Models of reflectors with pulsed illumination manufactured by various instrument-making enterprises and their cost are given. Based on the results of the studies and analysis, conclusions on the use of a removable LED nozzle for performing geodetic measurements in the production of engineering and geodetic surveys and other types of geodetic works are drawn. The advantages and disadvantages of the LED removable nozzle are given.

scholarly journals RENOVATION OF ARCHITECTURE OBJECTS OF THE BRANCH OF COMMUNAL SERVICES

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Viktor Banakh ◽  
Yurii Yehorov ◽  
Oksana Sazonova ◽  
Andrii Banakh ◽  
Kateryna Arkhipova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technical Condition ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Design Documentation ◽  
Industrial Architecture ◽  
Project Construction ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Complicating Factors ◽  
Technical Solutions

The analysis of the results of the examination of the technical condition of buildings and structures of enterprises in the sphere of public utilities has been carried out. The basic principles and methods of functional and technological renovation of architectural objects are revealed, accompanied by the transformation of the architectural space and planning schemes of industrial buildings and structures. A number of architectural and structural studies have been carried out in the direction of finding optimal technical solutions for repair, restoration of operational ability and reconstruction of industrial architecture objects in the field of public services for the purpose of their renovation. Technical reports based on the results of technical condition survey of building constructions of buildings and structures exploited for a long time, especially if there were long breaks in exploitation and maintenance, should include a section “Activities to renovate the object”. There is a need to adjust the regulatory framework for design and construction in order to speed up the process of “survey – renovation project – construction of the object”, as well as to restore and improve the base of the construction industry for the implementation of renovation projects. Complicating factors in the process of developing renovation projects of buildings and structures are the lack of design documentation for most facilities, lack of quality certificates for building structures and materials of buildings and structures, the long process from technical inspection to implementation of working design documentation, lack of interest of city authorities in development and renovation of service facilities. 

To Study the Effective Utilization of Total Station, GPS, Laser Scanning Equipment

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 1017-1022
Author(s):  
Gaurav Vijay Kattatray
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Human Error ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Total Station ◽  
Modern Equipment ◽  
Angular Measurements ◽  
User Interference ◽  
Electronic Compass

In a budget of Fy2020 Indian Construction sector adapted special place in it , There is rapid growth and implementation of new technology in infrastructure has been seen. Restrained development in sector of survey and analysis which is backbone of civil engineering is also observed. Use of highly precise and more rapid electronic instrument in field of surveying has shown upper hand over the conventional technologies. Following research deals with the implementation and user interference of newly adapted tools correlative to the old one. Till to date the cloth or metal tapes, surveying chains were used to measure rectilinear or linear intervals while 30’ or 20’ theodolite is used to carry out horizontal as well as vertical angular measurements. While most of levelling task of cutting or filling or gradient drawing were made with help of dumpy level and staff. But prime trouble of working on such traditional tools are very time-consuming, laborious and have chance of instrument or human error due to defective calibration. So for Precise and accurate work modern equipment are preferred e.g Total station, GPS, electronic compass. Thus following research deals with study of such few modern tools.

scholarly journals GEODESY, CARTOGRAPHY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY

2021 ◽  
Vol 94, 2021 (94) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Fys ◽  
◽  
Volodymyr Litynskyi ◽  
Anatolii Vivat ◽  
Svyatoslav Litynskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Precision Measurements ◽  
Application Software ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Angular Measurements ◽  
Intersection Method ◽  
Flat Coordinates

The aim. The study of formulas determination of the point coordinates by the inverse linear-angular intersection method. Previously, we investigated the possibility of using electronic total stations to control the geometric parameters of industrial buildings. The applied application of electronic total stations for high-precision measurements has been investigated as well. [Vivat, 2018]. The formula for optimal use of the device with certain accuracy characteristics relative to the measured basis is analytically proved and derived [Litynskyi, 2014]. Measurements on the basis of the II category are performed and theoretical calculations are confirmed. The possibility of achieving high accuracy in determining the segment by the method of linear-angular measurements is shown [Litynsky, 2015]. The influence of the angle value on the accuracy of determining the coordinates by the sine theorem is investigated and the possibility of optimizing the determination of coordinates by the method of inverse linear-angular serif by the formulas of cosines and sines is investigated [Litynskyi, 2019]. Method. Establishing a mathematical interconnection between measured values (distances and angles) with the required (flat coordinates of a point), differentiation and finding the minima of functions. Results.There were five formulas selected, of which six combinations had been created to calculate the increments of coordinates and to estimate their accuracy. Numerical experiments show that neither method has a significant advantage, which is supported by the results presented in the graphs and tables. It is worth noting one feature of the second method - in which it is possible to determine the increments of coordinates with an accuracy that exceeds the accuracy of measuring the sides. The possibility of optimizing the coordinate increments determination due to the choice of calculation formulas is considered. The possibility of increasing the accuracy of determination of the coordinates increments using different calculation formulas is researched. Consequently, it is suggested to optimize the choice of calculation formulas depending on the position of the desired point. The results of these studies can be used to create electronic total station or laser tracker application software in order to improve the accuracy of coordinate determination.

scholarly journals ACCURACY OF THE GEODETIC CONTROL NETWORK DEVELOPED BY LAND METHODS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-143
Author(s):  
Anton Nikonov ◽  
Irina Chesheva
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Fourth Order ◽  
Geodetic Network ◽  
Control Network ◽  
Order Accuracy ◽  
Total Station ◽  
Minimal Network ◽  
Angular Measurements ◽  
Geodetic Control ◽  
The Given

The article gives comparative analysis of the creating horizontal and vertical geodetic control network for the purposes of research and building. It is recommended to create geodetic network on the territory up to 1–2 sq km by means of linear-angular measurements with the accuracy of urban fourth-order traverse. After centering the total station and the reflector with an error not more than 1 mm, the minimal network side is 140 m. The precalculation of geodetic control network accuracy with the given confidence level can be performed in CredoDAT. Creation of vertical and horizontal geodetic network should go simultaneously – by means of reciprocal trigonometric leveling of III–IV order accuracy. The height of the total station with use of specific tape measurer Leica can be measured with error of up to 1 mm. The requirements of the acting set of rules «Geodetic works in construction» are not always substantiated and require careful attitude.

Hydrogen Cyanide Polymers from the Impact of Comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 on Jupiter

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Clifford N. Matthews ◽  
Rose A. Pesce-Rodriguez ◽  
Shirley A. Liebman
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanide ◽  
Nitrogen Heterocycles ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Heterogeneous Solids ◽  
The Many ◽  
Comet Halley ◽  
The Impact ◽  
By Products

AbstractHydrogen cyanide polymers – heterogeneous solids ranging in color from yellow to orange to brown to black – may be among the organic macromolecules most readily formed within the Solar System. The non-volatile black crust of comet Halley, for example, as well as the extensive orangebrown streaks in the atmosphere of Jupiter, might consist largely of such polymers synthesized from HCN formed by photolysis of methane and ammonia, the color observed depending on the concentration of HCN involved. Laboratory studies of these ubiquitous compounds point to the presence of polyamidine structures synthesized directly from hydrogen cyanide. These would be converted by water to polypeptides which can be further hydrolyzed to α-amino acids. Black polymers and multimers with conjugated ladder structures derived from HCN could also be formed and might well be the source of the many nitrogen heterocycles, adenine included, observed after pyrolysis. The dark brown color arising from the impacts of comet P/Shoemaker-Levy 9 on Jupiter might therefore be mainly caused by the presence of HCN polymers, whether originally present, deposited by the impactor or synthesized directly from HCN. Spectroscopic detection of these predicted macromolecules and their hydrolytic and pyrolytic by-products would strengthen significantly the hypothesis that cyanide polymerization is a preferred pathway for prebiotic and extraterrestrial chemistry.

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