scholarly journals Authoritarian Leadership Politics and Constraints on the Executive: A Mediation Analysis of Ideology, Populism, and Civil Group Balance of Power

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Support Groups ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Institutional Constraints ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Authoritarian Leadership ◽  
Rhetorical Style ◽  
Traditional Institutions

Why do some regimes slide further into autocracy while other regimes, similar in their formal institutions and economies, move toward democratization? What can explain the erosion of longstanding traditional institutions in autocracy? I contend that the answer lies in the ideology of the dictator with rhetorical style in a secondary role. Specifically, ideological programs of aggressive social change necessarily weaken existing civil society constraints and the reliance of the regime on ideology for legitimacy increases the power of ideological support groups. The combination of ideological agendas hostile to existing social structures with the instrumental use of populist rhetoric to bypass existing constraints is corrosive to both civil society and the institutional constraints it supports. This project will demonstrate using mediation analysis that radical leadership ideology results in the erosion of institutional constraints with changes in civil society as a causal mechanism, and that populism's role is secondary.

scholarly journals The Transformation of the Crimean Tatars’ Institutions and Discourses After 2014

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-66
Author(s):  
Elmira Muratova
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
The Political ◽  
Great Support ◽  
The Face ◽  
Traditional Institutions ◽  
New Institutions ◽  
Crimean Tatar

Abstract The article deals with the transformation of the Crimean Tatars’ institutions and discourses after the 2014 conflict around Crimea. It shows the change in the balance of power of traditional institutions such as Mejlis and Muftiyat, which for many years represented secular and religious components of Crimean Tatars’ ethnic identity. It tells how the Mejlis was dismissed from the political stage in Crimea, while the Muftiyat has enjoyed a great support by new authorities. This transformation and threats to societal security inevitably led to reassessment of previous views and goals of the main actors in the Crimean Tatar community and the formation of new institutions with hybrid composition and discourse. The article focuses on organization such as ‘Crimean solidarity,’ which was formed in 2016 as a reaction to authorities’ pressure over the Crimean Tatars. Using discourse analysis of statements of activists of this organization and content analysis of social media, the author presents the main topics of its discourse and types of activity. She shows how the traditional Islamic discourse of activists of this organization has been transformed by the incorporation of the main concepts of secular discourse developed by the Mejlis. The author argues that the appearance of ‘Crimean solidarity’ indicates the blurring of lines between secular and religious, and ethnic and Islamic in the Crimean Tatar society. It shows how people with different backgrounds and agendas manage to leave their differences aside to support each other in the face of a common threat.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-460
Author(s):  
Alfred Evans ◽  
Eleanor Bindman
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Political System ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
The State ◽  
Civil Society Organization ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Recent Developments

This article serves as an introduction to this special issue on recent developments in civil society organization and strategies in Russia. Despite the widespread assumption that the increased restrictions placed on NGO activity by the state in recent years have hampered their ability to operate, we argue that civil society in Russia continues to show signs of vitality. This is demonstrated by the fact that protests by ordinary Russians have grown and have often led to the formation of new groups and movements which have had some success in campaigning on specific issues. As the articles in this special issue highlight, one of the key tools affecting whether or not such movements can be successful in achieving their aims is that of framing. When organizations are able to frame the issue they are campaigning on in such a way as to resonate with ordinary people and avoid directly challenging the balance of power within Russia’s political system, they tend to enjoy more success than those groups which tend to take a more confrontational stance and thus face greater pushback and sanction from the authorities. This serves to highlight that NGOs and other civil society groups in Russia employ a range of different strategies and enjoy very different relationships with the authorities as a result.

scholarly journals Transgender prejudice reduction and opinions on transgender rights: Results from a mediation analysis on experimental data

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 205316801876494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew R. Flores ◽  
Donald P. Haider-Markel ◽  
Daniel C. Lewis ◽  
Patrick R. Miller ◽  
Barry L. Tadlock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Minority Rights ◽  
Prejudice Reduction ◽  
Causal Mechanism ◽  
Transgender People ◽  
Stigmatized Groups ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Reliable Mechanism

Fears, phobias, and dislikes about minorities should be strong determinants of whether Americans support policies protecting such minorities. Studies suggest that discussions and information about transgender people can reduce transphobia. However, these studies also indicate that experimental treatments do not necessarily affect individual attitudes on policies concerning transgender rights. Scholars contend that durably reducing prejudice should increase public support for minority rights. In this study, we examine this causal mechanism utilizing an experiment. We find that reducing transphobia is a reliable mechanism to increase public support for transgender rights. These results are robust to causal identification assumptions, suggesting that this mechanism provides a clear avenue for stigmatized groups to increase public support of rights for those groups.

The 2007 Constitutional Amendments in Egypt, and Their Implications on the Balance of Power

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Bernard-Maugiron
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
The State ◽  
Constitutional Amendments ◽  
Constitutional Revision

Though its constitution had already been amended in 2005, Egypt went through a new constitutional revision in 2007. The amendments were officially justified by the need to modernize the constitution, and to reestablish a balance between the state powers. Through an analysis of the request presented by President Mubarak, and of the text of the amendments, of the counter proposals presented by opposition and civil society groups, of articles published in governmental and independent newspapers, this article will examine the content of the constitutional amendments of 2005 and 2007. If some revisions, aiming at diminishing the presidential nature of the regime, and increasing its parliamentary dimension, were generally well received, other amendments were often perceived as reinforcing the authoritarian character of the regime.

Patterns of World Economic Development Models Formation and Change

2012 ◽  
pp. 3-15
Author(s):  
L. Fituni ◽  
I. Abramova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Intermediate Position ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Development Models ◽  
World Economic

The authors produced a concept of emergence, evolution and expiration of Global Economic Development Models (GEDM). According to their hypothesis, the transformation of GEDMs occupies the unique intermediate position between stadial and cyclic economic changes. The article offers periodization and description of economic models that existed during the last 200 years, and elaborates on the future characteristics of the emerging GEDM of the 21st century, with special emphasis on natural resources, shifts in the global balance of power, social structures and global governance.

THE POLITICAL FRONTIERS OF EUROPE AS A CIVIL SOCIETY: J. HABERMAS’ REJECTION OF A EUROPEAN VOLK AND M. FOUCAULT'S BALANCE OF POWER AS PROTECTIONS AGAINST EUROPEAN NATION‐STATE

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Machiel Karskens
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
The Political ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
European Institutions ◽  
The World ◽  
The Ideal

With the help of J. Habermas and M. Foucault, it is argued that the idea of Europe is, first of all, the ideal of an unlimited civil society. Human rights, the rule of law and the legal European institutions are its political backbone. The European Union itself is somehow the realization of this ideal conception of a borderless, unlimited society. It is argued that the European Union in this respect is a heterotopia within the bordered and sovereign member states themselves. Seen from the outside, however, and in the world of geopolitics, Europe is a political power with closed borders and excluding frontiers. In this respect the European Union is a continuation of the old European Balance of Power.

scholarly journals Transnational corporations and civil society as network society actors

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Nikita Ravochkin
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Transnational Corporations ◽  
Government Regulations ◽  
Rich Functionality ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Rules Of The Game

The article examines the topic of the formation of new actors in the context of the transition to a network model of society - transnational corporations and civil society. It shows the relevance of rethinking the more recently prevailing customary balance of power between the subjects, mainly due to technical and technological progress and the changes in the social structure. The essential features of both actors are analyzed and identified, and the reasons for their rise are generalized. Preferred fields of action in which the subjects in question are active are outlined. Demonstrated are modern methods and techniques of influence, which are used by transnational corporations and representatives of civil society. It is noted that today, even despite the rich functionality, the implementation of which contributes to the strengthening of TNCs and civil society among other players, government regulations are still the main drivers of social development, since they directly determine the existing rules of the game and interactions.

scholarly journals The Role of UNESCO in Contemporary Global Cultural Processes

2021 ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
Lamia Askar Guliyeva
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
World Today ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
Cultural Processes

The article examines the role of UNESCO in the modern global cultural processes, with the specific focus on Azerbaijan. The mankind owes awakening of a genuine interest in key global problems of a new rank at the turn of the 20th–21st centuries primarily to the leading social structures. While the entire civil society of the world today is being challenged, it is gratifying to know that some structures accept and respond to such challenges. In our opinion, UNESCO, being a representative, authoritative, and prestigious organization, isthe most striking example ofsuch effective response. The paper examines the permanent public forums in the field ofscience, culture, and education that are directly supervised by the largest international non-governmental organizations, namely, UNESCO.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document