scholarly journals Dinamika dan Karakter Produk Hasil Dekarboksilasi Sabun Hidroksi Pelargonat

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Ella Melyna ◽  
Tirto Prakoso ◽  
Tatang Hernas Soerawidjaja
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Magnesium Carbonate ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Metal Soap ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
National Energy Security ◽  
National Growth

Pengembangan bahan bakar nabati akan memberi berbagai manfaat bagi pembangunan nasional, antara lain pengurangan impor bahan bakar minyak dan peningkatan ketahanan energi nasional. Oleh karena itu, teknologi untuk pembuatan bahan bakar nabati pensubstitusi bahan bakar minyak, terutama bensin, merupakan kebutuhan yang mendesak. Salah satu teknologi untuk menghasilkan bahan bakar nabati pensubstitusi bensin adalah dekarboksilasi sabun hidroksi pelargonat. Magnesium hidroksi pelargonat [Mg(OH)(OOCC8H17)] dapat didekarboksilasi menghasilkan n-oktana [C8H18] dan magnesium karbonat [MgCO3] yang pada temperatur mendekati 500oC akan terurai menjadi MgO dan CO2. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan pemahaman tentang dinamika dan karakter produk cair hasil reaksi dekarboksilasi sabun hidroksi pelargonat [Mg(OH)OOCC8H17] pada rentang suhu 250-350oC.The development of biofuel have a lot of advantages for national growth, such as, imports reduction of fuel and increasing national energy security and sustainability. Therefore, biofuel production technology for substitution of fuel oil especially gasoline, is very important. One of technology method to produce biogasoline is decarboxylation of pelargonic hydroxy metal soap. Magnesium hydroxy pelargonate [Mg(OH)(OOCC8H17)] can be decarboxylated to produce n-octane [C8H18] and magnesium carbonate [MgCO3] which at temperatures close to 500oC decompose into MgO and CO2. The objectives of this research is to investigate comprehensively the dynamics and character liquid products from decarboxylation of pelargonic hydroxy soap [Mg(OH)OOCC8H17] reaction at temperature range of 250-350oC.

scholarly journals New and Renewable Energy Policy in Developing Indonesia's National Energy Resilience

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 10004
Author(s):  
Sekar Anggun Gading Pinilih ◽  
Wiana Laelaputri Chairunnisa
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Renewable Energy Policy ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Security Research ◽  
New Energy ◽  
National Energy Security ◽  
The Republic

This study aims to discuss new and renewable energy policies as an effort to build national energy security. Research methods use legal research that searches from various perspectives. The implementation of analysis, using the method of regulatory and focus on energy, generally has many impacts. First, the policy on the use of new and renewable energy aims to prepare the carrying capacity of national energy security. Implementation this policy has not been fully implemented because there are still many obstacles faced. Second, the use of new energy and renewable energy as an effort to build national energy security in Indonesia is still not optimal. Even though Indonesia is blessed with abundant natural and energy resources in all its regions and the need for new and renewable energy as the future fate of energy security in the unitary state of the Republic of Indonesia for people's welfare as a step to reduce the increase in consumption of fossil-based energy.

scholarly journals Implementasi Kebijakan Energi Baru dan Energi Terbarukan Dalam Rangka Ketahanan Energi Nasional

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Azhar ◽  
Dendy Adam Satriawan
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Energy Policies ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Regulatory Approach ◽  
National Energy Security ◽  
Renewable Energy Policies ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government

AbstractThis study aims to determine the implementation of new energy and renewable energy policies in the context of national energy security. The research method used is legal research that uses a regulatory approach. The results of the study show that the implementation of new energy and renewable energy policies in the context of national energy security has proceeded as it should. This can be seen from the role of the government in making policies (beleid) and management actions (bestuursdaad), arrangements (regelendaad), management (beheersdaad) and supervision (toezichthoudensdaad) for the purpose of maximizing the people's prosperity. Keywords: Energy Policy, Renewable Energy, National Energy SecurityAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Implementasi kebijakan energi baru dan energi terbarukan dalam rangka ketahanan energy nasional. Metode penelitian yang diguankan adalah penelitian hukum yang menggunakan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Implementasi kebijakan energi baru dan energi terbarukan dalam rangka ketahanan energy nasional telah berjalan sebagaimana mestinya. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari  dari peran pemerintah untuk mengadakan kebijakan (beleid) dan tindakan pengurusan (bestuursdaad), pengaturan (regelendaad), pengelolaan (beheersdaad) dan pengawasan (toezichthoudensdaad) untuk tujuan sebesar-besarnya kemakmuran rakyat.Kata kunci: Kebijakan Energi, Energy Terbarukan, Ketahanan Energi Nasional

scholarly journals The Effect of Carbonates and Silicates on the Cracking of a Mixture of Fuel Oil and Mechanically Activated Oil Shale

2021 ◽  
pp. 234-241
Author(s):  
Marina V. Mozhayskaya ◽  
Galina S. Pevneva ◽  
Vladimir G. Surkov
Keyword(s):  
Oil Shale ◽  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Liquid Products ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Diesel Fractions

The study cracking of a mixture of mechanically activated oil shale (MO OSh) and fuel oil, a mixture of demineralized MO GS and fuel oil has been investigated. The data on the composition of liquid products showed that after the removal of mineral components, oil shale is more easily destroyed due to the release of kerogen. It is shown that in the obtained liquid products of the cracking of the mixture of fuel oil – demineralized MO OSh, the proportion of oils increases to 74.6 % wt. In the composition of gaseous products of cracking, the amount of hydrogen, methane and ethane is noticeably reduced. According to the data on the fractional composition of liquid products, it was found that during the cracking of mixtures of fuel oil and MO HS, after the removal of carbonates and silicates, the proportion of gasoline and diesel fractions inc

China’s energy policies and strategies for climate change and energy security

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Deng ◽  
Paolo Davide Farah
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Energy Economy ◽  
International Data ◽  
National Energy Security ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract National energy security, parallel with the ultimate goal of emissions reductions, is of utmost priority for the Chinese government. In order to comply with the requirements set by the Kyoto Protocol, the Chinese government announced, on 25 November 2009, that 2020’s CO2 emissions would be reduced by 40–45 per cent in accordance with the data collected from 2005. Said goal was met three years ahead of schedule. Even in light of such an accomplishment, however, commentators suggest that the overall nationally determined contributions (NDCs) made by the Parties belonging to the Paris agreement are not enough to reduce global warming by even 2°C. This article focuses on the concept of energy security in assessing whether, and how, the priorities related to climate change are gradually changing. After analysing climate change’s impact on China, conducted via an analysis of the study’s available literature and through the support of international data, this article mainly focuses on the concept of energy security, itself. Under the second section, based on the examination of China’s efforts to transition towards a low-carbon economy, the authors provide a holistic definition of energy security through the lens of three dimensions: energy supply security, energy economy and energy ecological security. The third section, in turn, addresses the relationship between energy security and climate change. The results presented in the conclusion insist that, in order to strengthen environmental protection in China, it is crucial to reform the highly inefficient and strictly regulated national energy market. In doing so, China’s transition to a low-carbon society and economy could prove less painful, as China’s available resources offer the potential for a strengthened ecological dimension and sustained socio-economic development.

scholarly journals The New Renewable Energy Consumption Policy of Rare Earth Metals to Build Indonesia's National Energy Security

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 03008
Author(s):  
Muhamad Azhar ◽  
Solechan Solechan ◽  
Retno Saraswati ◽  
Putut Suharso ◽  
Suhartoyo Suhartoyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Rare Earth Metals ◽  
Rare Metal ◽  
Energy Regulation ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
New Energy ◽  
National Energy Security

This study aims to discuss the policy of using renewable energy in the form of rare metal eart as an effort to build national energy security. The research method used a legal research looking from various perspectives in social science. Law is seen as a space for the process of scientific study in order to seek truth. The use of relevant legal research wants to understand the law more thoroughly. In performing implementation analysis, using the method of Regulatory Impact Assessment (RIA) with focus on energy regulation. The results of the study show that: First, the policy of the Indonesian republic government regarding the use of new energy and renewable energy aims to prepare the carrying capacity of national energy security. This policy has not fully gone well. The policy is not supported by consistency in issuing derivative policies. Second, the use of new energy and renewable energy, especially rare earth metals as part of efforts to encourage national energy security in Indonesia is still very far from expectations. The use of rare eart metal is only around 0.7% of the use of new energy. Efforts to explore and exploit rare earth metals have not been carried out in a timely manner. Whereas the potential of rare earth metals is a strategic community and has the potential to encourage national energy security in Indonesia. Indonesia is projected to produce rare earth metals reaching 20% of the world's supply.

scholarly journals Study of domestic coal-based dimethyl ether (DME) utilization to reduce LPG import

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Annisa Muliahati ◽  
Eva Fathul Karamah ◽  
Ika Kaifiah
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Ether ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Household Sector ◽  
Handling Cost ◽  
Shipping Cost ◽  
National Energy Security ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

This study evaluates the utilization of domestic coal-based dimethyl ether (DME) to substitute 15% of the total household sector demand of LPG import projected to year 2040 and the impact to the saving of state budget. Maximum LPG-DME blending in this study is 85% - 15% weight. DME-LPG mixture price at depot will be calculated based on DME FOB price at production plant, shipping cost, mixing and handling cost. The result of the research shows that DME-LPG mixture price and the import LPG price at each depot are 391 USD/MT and 620 USD/MT at Depot Tanjung Priok, 390 USD/MT and 620 USD/MT at Depot Eretan, 396 USD/MT and 622 USD/MT at Depot Tanjung Perak, 397 USD/MT and 622 USD/MT at Depot Gresik, and 401 USD/MT and 624 USD/MT at Depot Semarang. The substitution of LPG import with domestic coal-based DME results the saving of state budget about 388 million USD (IDR 5,332 billion). It concludes that the utilization of domestic coal-based DME is economically feasible to reduce the import of LPG per metric ton (MT), obtain the saving for state budget, and help the government to decrease the dependency of import LPG to maintain the national energy security.

CONCEPTUAL BASIS OF NATIONAL ENERGY SECURITY AGAINST THE BACKDROP OF GLOBAL CHALLENGES

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 329-343
Author(s):  
Viktoria Samoilenko ◽  
Ievgeniia Kopytsia ◽  
Victoriya Belevtseva ◽  
Yevhenii Skulysh ◽  
Oleksii Shumilo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Conceptual Basis ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
National Energy Security

Which Alternative Fuel is more Suitable for Vehicles in China: Hydrogen Gas or Fossil-Based Fuels?

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 1450-1455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Lang Li ◽  
Zuo Yu Sun
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Sharp Rise ◽  
The People ◽  
National Energy Security ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
And Performance

The sharp rise in the development of vehicle industry in China not only promotes both the national economy development and the people living quality, but also aggravates both the national energy security and the environmental issues. Adopting alternative fuels instead of petroleum is commonly regarded as the utmost promising solution, however, which alternative fuel(s) is more suitable for China is still in the argument. The present paper compared the characteristics and performance of hydrogen gas and fossil-based fuels, and pointed that hydrogen gas is more suitable for China than fossil-based fuels.

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