scholarly journals Feeding native laying hens diets containing palm kernel meal with or without enzyme supplementations: 1. Feed conversion ratio and egg production

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Adrizal ◽  
Y. Yusrizal ◽  
S. Fakhri ◽  
W. Haris ◽  
E. Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Palm Kernel Meal

scholarly journals Response of broiler turkeys to graded dietary levels of Palm Kernel Meal in replacement for maize

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. I-IX
Author(s):  
M. C. Ugwuene
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Replacement Level ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Palm Kernel Meal ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The performance of local broiler turkeys fed dietary treatments in which palm kernel meal (PKM) replaced maize at 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 percent was evaluated. The replacement levels of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 percent represented diets 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 respectively. One hundred and eighty day-old unsexed turkey poults were allotted to the six dietary treatments. The treatments were replicated three times. Each replicate having ten poults. The experiment was carried out as a completely randomized design experiment. The feeding trial lasted for 24 weeks. With the exception of mortality, significant differences (P<0.05) existed in the final weight, feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio. The final weight and weight gain of birds fed diet 4 (60% replacement level) were not significantly different (P>0.05) from that of diet 3 (40% replacement level) but were significantly higher (P<0.05) than other dietary treatments. Feed intake and feed conversion ratio increased as the level of replacement increased. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the feed conversion ratio of turkeys fed diets 1, 2, 3, and 4. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in slaughter weight, dressed weight, breast, wings and back cuts of turkeys fed the various dietary treatments. Dressing percentage values were similar for birds fed diets 1, 2, 3, and 5. Abdominal fat of turkeys increased with increasing concentration of PKM at the expense of maize in the diets. The thigh weight of turkeys fed diets 1, 2, 3 and 6 were not significantly different (P>0.05) but were significantly higher than that of diets 4 and 5; whereas the drumstick weight of birds fed diets 2 to 6 were significantly higher than that of diet 1. Similarly meat-to-bone ratio of turkeys fed diet 3-6 were significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of diets 1 and 2. The spleen of turkeys fed diets 2 was higher than others. Palm kernel meal can replace maize up to 60 percent in the diet of local broiler turkeys for good growth and carcass performance.

scholarly journals Response of broiler turkeys to graded dietary levels of Palm Kernel Meal in replacement for maize

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
M. C. Ugwuene
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Replacement Level ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Palm Kernel Meal ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The performance of local broiler turkeys fed dietary treatments in which palm kernel meal (PKM) replaced maize at 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 percent was evaluated. The replacement levels of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 percent represented diets 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 respectively. One hundred and eighty dayold unsexed turkey poults were allotted to the six dietary treatments. The treatments were replicated three times. Each replicate having ten poults. The experiment was carried out as a completely randomized design experiment. The feeding trial lasted for 24 weeks. With the exception of mortality, significant differences (P<0.05) existed in the final weight, feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio. The final weight and weight gain of birds fed diet 4 (60% replacement level) were not significantly different (P>0.05) from that of diet 3 (40% replacement level) but were significantly higher (P<0.05) than other dietary treatments. Feed intake and feed conversion ratio increased as the level of replacement increased. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the feed conversion ratio of turkeys fed diets 1, 2, 3, and 4. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in slaughter weight, dressed weight, breast, wings and back cuts of turkeys fed the various dietary treatments. Dressing percentage values were similar for birds fed diets 1, 2, 3, and 5. Abdominal fat of turkeys increased with increasing concentration of PKM at the expense of maize in the diets. The thigh weight of turkeys fed diets 1, 2, 3 and 6 were not significantly different (P>0.05) but were significantly higher than that of diets 4 and 5; whereas the drumstick weight of birds fed diets 2 to 6 were significantly higher than that of diet 1. Similarly meat-to-bone ratio of turkeys fed diet 3-6 were significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of diets 1 and 2. The spleen of turkeys fed diets 2 was higher than others. Palm kernel meal can replace maize up to 60 percent in the diet of local broiler turkeys for good growth and carcass performance.

scholarly journals Effects of perch on feed consumption and behaviour of caged laying hens

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 257-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. VALKONEN ◽  
R. RINNE ◽  
J. VALAJA
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Cage Floor ◽  
Instantaneous Sampling ◽  
Advantageous Effect

This experiment studied the effects of perches in furnished cages on behaviour and feed consumption of laying hens. The study used 352 Lohmann Selected Leghorn (LSL) hens. The hens were housed at 16 weeks of age in furnished cages in groups of 8 birds. The experiment lasted for 205 days. The treatments were: perches present from 16 weeks of age (P16), perches present from 19 weeks of age (P19), and no perches present (NP). Feed consumption and egg production were measured over the pre-laying period and six 4-week laying periods. The number of hens on perch, in nest and litter box was recorded at various ages. The behaviour of 3 hens per treatment was observed using instantaneous sampling at every 5 minutes, so that the observations of each hen covered one light period (14.5 hours). The treatments had no significant effects on feed consumption after the pre-laying period. Feed conversion ratio (kg feed kg-1 eggs) was favourable in P16 in comparison to NP during the periods 2–4. During the observations after the lights-out NP birds tended to be more frequently in nests, than P16 birds. NP birds spent more time on the cage floor, were recumbent more often, and sitting more rarely in comparison to P16 birds. Based on the results of this study, perches may have advantageous effect on feed conversion ratio in furnished cages.;

scholarly journals The effect of enzyme and protein source on laying hens performance, eggshell and bone traits

2019 ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Kubiś ◽  
Lidia Lewko ◽  
Sebastian Andrzej Kaczmarek ◽  
Sebastian Nowaczewski ◽  
Marcin Hejdysz, Andrzej Rutkowski
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Deformation ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Yellow Lupine ◽  
Tibia Ash

The aim of the study was to investigate the interaction between exogenous phytase with protease and protein source in laying hens diet. A completely randomised design study with a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement was conducted to observe effects of protein source (soybean vs. yellow lupine seeds diet) and enzyme addition (no enzyme vs. phytase or protease or both) on laying hens performance, bone mineralization and some egg traits. One hundred sixty Hy-Line Brown hens at the age of 18 weeks were weighed and randomly assigned to 10 treatments, each with 16 birds. According to the producer recommendation in diets containing enzymes reduced the level of available phosphorus (50% reduction) and digestible amino acids - 5% reduction. The egg production during the entire experiment was similar in all groups without significant differences. The egg weight was also on an equal level in all treatments and it was about 58g. Birds fed different protein source were characterized by similar feed intake and feed conversion ratio during the whole experiment. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was about 1.9-2.0 in all groups. Tibia ash was affected by enzymes supplementation. There was an interaction between protein source and enzymes addition. Birds from treatments fed with yellow lupine meal (YLM) diets reached highest tibia ash level in a group with phytase addition and in groups with SMB in a group with phytase and protease mix. The inclusion of enzymes improved the thickness of the shell. There was an interaction between protein source and enzyme inclusion. It was an interaction between experimental factors in shell breaking strength. Stronger eggshell was laid by hens from groups fed with the inclusion of yellow lupine meal. Addition of phytase had a positive impact on increasing the strength of eggshell. Only inclusion of enzymes affected significantly on shell elastic deformation in part I of eggs. Eggs from hens fed diets with inclusion of protease and phytase mix were most resistant to elastic deformation.

scholarly journals Administration of Palm Kernel Meal and ß-Mannanase on Laying Hens Productivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Dimas Wicaksana ◽  
Sri Hidanah ◽  
Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari ◽  
Muhammad Anam Al-Arif ◽  
Mirni Lamid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Palm Kernel Meal ◽  
Mass Feed

The aim of this research was to observe the influence of palm kernel meal and ß-Mannanase on laying hens. Laying hens up to 2500 birds were reared in opened-house cage fed with commercial feed substituted with palm kernel meal and ß-Mannanase. All hens were divided into five groups in an order P0 as control group, groups without enzyme which are P1 with 7% palm kernel meal and P2 with 14% palm kernel meal, groups with ß-Mannanase which are P3 7% palm kernel meal and P4 with 14% palm kernel meal. The observed variables are feed intake, feed cost, egg weight, egg mass, feed conversion ratio, hen day production, and mortality rate. The results indicated that threr are no significant difference from all variables. The percentage of palm kernel meal for 14% with ß-Mannanase cannot give any influence on laying hens productivity.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary palm kernel meal on laying hens

2021 ◽  
Vol 883 (1) ◽  
pp. 012064
Author(s):  
R D D Prasetya ◽  
M Rahmadani ◽  
Nahrowi ◽  
A Jayanegara
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Kernel Meal ◽  
Palm Kernel Meal ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Egg Shell

Abstract Indonesia has the potential for palm kernel meal, which has the largest production in the world. Palm kernel meal has been commonly used as an ingredient in ruminant and poultry feeds. However, the various studies conducted have produced very varied results. This article aimed to analyze various research data on the use of palm kernel meal in the chicken feed. The data used were 38 data points from 10 journal articles. The use of palm kernel meal ranged from 0% to 70% in rations. The statistical model used is linear regression. The database was analyzed using SPSS software version 25. Results showed that the use of palm kernel meal in laying hens reduced (P<0.01) egg production. Palm kernel meal also increased FCR (P<0.05) and tended to decrease Haugh Unit (P<0.1). Other parameters such as consumption, egg weight, mortality, egg shell thickness, and yolk color were not influenced by dietary inclusion of palm kernel meal. In conclusion, palm kernel meal cannot be given to poultry directly, it is necessary to process the ingredient to enhance its nutritive value.

Performance of laying hens fed wheat, wheat-barley or wheat-barley-wheat bran based diets supplemented with xylanase

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mathlouthi ◽  
M. Larbier ◽  
M. A. Mohamed ◽  
M. Lessire
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Low Energy Diet

Two experiments were conducted to study the response of laying hens to a commercial enzyme preparation (Safizyme XP20) containing 70 000 IU g-1 xylanase. In the first experiment, 270 laying hens (ISA Brown), aged 28 wk, were fed basal diets of wheat (W), wheat-barley (WB) or wheat-barley and wheat bran (WBB) without xylanase, or supplemented with 1400 IU xylanase kg-1 in 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. In the second experiment, 180 ISA Brown laying hens, aged 28 wk, were assigned to 2 × 2 factorial arrangement and fed wheat-based diets containing 2753 or 2653 kcal metabolizable energy (ME) kg-1 without xylanase, or supplemented with 1400 IU xylanase kg-1. Egg production (% hen-day), egg weight, egg mass, feed conversion ratio and changes in body weight were recorded for 12 wk. The effects of xylanase on true metabolizable energy (TME) values of wheat, barley and wheat bran were determined using roosters. Layers fed W-, WB- or WBB-based diets had similar egg mass. The feed conversion ratio of layers fed the WBB-based diet was better (P ≤ 0.05) than that of the other groups. Xylanase improved (P ≤ 0.05) egg mass of layers fed W- or WB-based diets, but it did not affect the performance of hens fed the WBB-based diet. Low dietary ME significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced the performance of laying hens. Xylanase supplementation improved (P ≤ 0.05) egg production, egg mass and feed conversion ratio of layers fed the low energy diet. It did improve the feed conversion ratio of layers fed the high-energy diet. Addition of 1400 IU xylanase kg-1 to the low-energy diet was equivalent to an increase of at least 100 kcal ME kg-1. Xylanase increased (P ≤ 0.05) the TME values by 5.2 and 2.44% for wheat and barley, respectively, and did not affect the TME value of wheat bran. Key words: Xylanase, hens, laying, wheat, barley, wheat bran, metabolizable energy.

scholarly journals Investigation of Intestinal Enzyme Activity and Effects of Non-starch Polysaccharide on it

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.7) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Piryaei ◽  
Anahita Motamedi ◽  
Atefeh Mehrabi Far
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Intestinal Enzymes ◽  
Enzymes Activity ◽  
Intestinal Enzyme

This experiment investigates the effects of utilizing Rahnama cultivar with high non-starchy polysaccharide content and supplementation of xylanase enzyme in poultry feed on the productivity features, nutrient digestibility and intestinal enzymes activity of 21-47 week laying hens. The experiment was conducted quite randomly and in factorial design that included eight treatments with 4 wheat levels (zero, 23, 46 and 69% that contained 1.8, 2.0, 2.2, 2.4% of xylose respectively) and two level enzymes (with and without enzyme) and 5 replications (6 hens) in each replication. During the experiment, by xylose level increase in diet, the weight (p>0.05) and mass of the egg (p>0.01) decreased and feed conversion ratio increased (p>0.05) but there was no effect on feed consumption and egg production rate. Diet supplementation with xylanase resulted in egg production increase (p>0.05), weight and mass increase of eggs (p>0.01) and improved feed conversion ratio (p>0.01). Xylose levels increase resulted in decrease in fat and metabolic energy digestibility of the diet (p>0.05); and, amylase enzymes activity in duodenum and amino peptidase, and lipase in duodenum and jejunum (p>0.01) increased. However, xylanase supplement had no effect on any intestinal enzymes. Diet supplementation with xylanase decreased viscosity of ileum (p>0.01). Increased xylanase level in diet resulted in decreased productivity features of laying hens, increased intestinal enzyme activity and decreased fat and metabolic energy digestibility.   

scholarly journals Use of faba beans (Vicia faba L.) in diets of laying hens

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erja Koivunen ◽  
Petra Tuunainen ◽  
Eija Valkonen ◽  
Laila Rossow ◽  
Jarmo Valaja
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Conversion

The study was conducted to evaluate an appropriate inclusion level of locally produced unprocessed or expander-processed coloured flowered faba bean (FB) (cv. ‘Kontu’) seeds in diets for laying hens. Egg production and egg quality variables were determined with 560 hens (Lohmann Selected Leghorn, LSL Classic) in a 40-week continued experiment. The hens were fed one of the five diets containing soybean meal as the main protein source. A diet without FB was served as a control diet. Both unprocessed and expander-processed FB was tested either in proportions of 50 g kg-1 or 100 g kg-1 in the diet. Faba bean inclusion (control vs. FB diets) had no effect on the egg production rate, egg mass production, feed consumption, or feed conversion ratio, but it decreased egg weight (p<0.05). Dietary FB inclusion tended to increase the mortality of the hens (p<0.10). Faba bean processing had no effects on egg production parameters or hen mortality. Daily egg mass production decreased and feed conversion ratio increased when FB proportion increased (from 50 to 100 g kg-1, p<0.05). Faba bean inclusion had no effects on egg exterior quality. It can be concluded that 50 g kg-1 of the FB studied (cv. ‘Kontu’) can be used in the diets of laying hens (LSL Classic) without negative effects on production performance or livability.

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