Therapeutic Applications of Metal and Metal-Oxide Nanoparticles: Dermato-Cosmetic Perspectives

Invention of novel nanomaterials guaranteeing enhanced biomedical performance in diagnostics and therapeutics, is a perpetual initiative. In this regard, the upsurge and widespread usage of nanoparticles is a ubiquitous phenomenon, focusing predominantly on the application of submicroscopic (< 100 nm) particles. While this is facilitated attributing to their wide range of benefits, a major challenge is to create and maintain a balance, by alleviating the associated toxicity levels. In this minireview, we collate and discuss particularly recent advancements in therapeutic applications of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles in skin and cosmetic applications. On the one hand, we outline the dermatological intrusions, including applications in wound healing. On the other hand, we keep track of the recent trends in the development of cosmeceuticals via nanoparticle engrossments. The dermato-cosmetic applications of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles encompass diverse aspects, including targeted, controlled drug release, and conferring ultraviolet and antimicrobial protections to the skin. Additionally, we deliberate on the critical aspects in comprehending the advantage of rheological assessments, while characterizing the nanoparticulate systems. As an illustration, we single out psoriasis, to capture and comment on the nanodermatology-based curative standpoints. Finally, we lay a broad outlook and examine the imminent prospects.

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A comparison of the radiosensitisation ability of 22 different element metal oxide nanoparticles using clinical megavoltage X-rays

Cancer Nanotechnology ◽

10.1186/s12645-019-0057-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alexandra Guerreiro ◽

Nicholas Chatterton ◽

Eleanor M. Crabb ◽

Jon P. Golding

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Metal Oxide ◽

Hydroxyl Radical ◽

Singlet Oxygen ◽

Hydroxyl Radicals ◽

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

X Rays ◽

X Ray ◽

Wide Range

Abstract Background A wide range of nanoparticles (NPs), composed of different elements and their compounds, are being developed by several groups as possible radiosensitisers, with some already in clinical trials. However, no systematic experimental survey of the clinical X-ray radiosensitising potential of different element nanoparticles has been made. Here, we directly compare the irradiation-induced (10 Gy of 6-MV X-ray photon) production of hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anion radicals and singlet oxygen in aqueous solutions of the following metal oxide nanoparticles: Al2O3, SiO2, Sc2O3, TiO2, V2O5, Cr2O3, MnO2, Fe3O4, CoO, NiO, CuO, ZnO, ZrO2, MoO3, Nd2O3, Sm2O3, Eu2O3, Gd2O3, Tb4O7, Dy2O3, Er2O3 and HfO2. We also examine DNA damage due to these NPs in unirradiated and irradiated conditions. Results Without any X-rays, several NPs produced more radicals than water alone. Thus, V2O5 NPs produced around 5-times more hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals. MnO2 NPs produced around 10-times more superoxide anions and Tb4O7 produced around 3-times more singlet oxygen. Lanthanides produce fewer hydroxyl radicals than water. Following irradiation, V2O5 NPs produced nearly 10-times more hydroxyl radicals than water. Changes in radical concentrations were determined by subtracting unirradiated values from irradiated values. These were then compared with irradiation-induced changes in water only. Irradiation-specific increases in hydroxyl radical were seen with most NPs, but these were only significantly above the values of water for V2O5, while the Lanthanides showed irradiation-specific decreases in hydroxyl radical, compared to water. Only TiO2 showed a trend of irradiation-specific increase in superoxides, while V2O5, MnO2, CoO, CuO, MoO3 and Tb4O7 all demonstrated significant irradiation-specific decreases in superoxide, compared to water. No irradiation-specific increases in singlet oxygen were seen, but V2O5, NiO, CuO, MoO3 and the lanthanides demonstrated irradiation-specific decreases in singlet oxygen, compared to water. MoO3 and CuO produced DNA damage in the absence of radiation, while the highest irradiation-specific DNA damage was observed with CuO. In contrast, MnO2, Fe3O4 and CoO were slightly protective against irradiation-induced DNA damage. Conclusions Beyond identifying promising metal oxide NP radiosensitisers and radioprotectors, our broad comparisons reveal unexpected differences that suggest the surface chemistry of NP radiosensitisers is an important criterion for their success.

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Metal Oxide Nanocrystals: Building Blocks for Mesostructures and Precursors for Metal Nitrides

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-1007-s13-02 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 1007 ◽

Author(s):

Markus Niederberger ◽

Jelena Buha ◽

Igor Djerdj

Keyword(s):

Metal Oxide ◽

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Formation Mechanisms ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Metal Nitride ◽

Ordered Mesoporous Materials ◽

Crystallite Sizes ◽

The One

ABSTRACTSol-gel routes to metal oxide nanoparticles in organic solvents under exclusion of water represent a valuable alternative to aqueous methods. In comparison to the complex aqueous chemistry, nonaqueous processes offer the possibility to better understand and to control the reaction pathways on a molecular level, enabling the synthesis of nanomaterials with high crystallinity and well-defined and uniform particle morphologies. The manifold role of the organic species in providing the oxygen for the oxide formation and in controlling the crystal growth and the assembly properties makes it possible to tailor the morphological, structural and compositional characteristics of the final inorganic products.In addition to metal oxides with nearly spherical crystallite sizes in the range of just a few nanometers, also more complex morphologies such as nanowire bundles, nanorods or lamellar organic-inorganic hybrids of varying hierarchical complexity can be achieved in one step and without the use of any surfactants. The spherical nanocrystallites are on the one hand versatile building blocks for the fabrication of fully crystalline and ordered mesoporous materials and on the other hand suitable precursors for the synthesis of metal nitride nanoparticles.This proceeding provides an overview of the various oxidic nanoparticles synthesized via the nonaqueous and surfactant-free sol-gel approach, summarizes the most frequently found formation mechanisms, and offers some insight into the crystallization pathway of nanoparticles. Furthermore, the use of metal oxide nanoparticles as nanobuilding blocks for the preparation of nano- and mesostructures as well as their transformation into metal nitride nanocrystals will be discussed.

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Antibacterial Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Challenges in Interpreting the Literature

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612824666180219130659 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (8) ◽

pp. 896-903 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Usha Kadiyala ◽

Nicholas A. Kotov ◽

J. Scott VanEpps

Keyword(s):

Metal Oxide ◽

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Assessment Protocol ◽

Global Issue ◽

Wide Range ◽

Experimental Variability ◽

In Vitro Assessment

Metal oxide nanoparticles (MO-NPs) are known to effectively inhibit the growth of a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. They have emerged as promising candidates to challenge the rising global issue of antimicrobial resistance. However, a comprehensive understanding of their mechanism of action and identifying the most promising NP materials for future clinical translation remain a major challenge due to variations in NP preparation and testing methods. With various types of MO-NPs being rapidly developed, a robust, standardized, in vitro assessment protocol for evaluating the antibacterial potency and efficiency of these NPs is needed. Calculating the number of NPs that actively interact with each bacterial cell is critical for assessing the dose response for toxicity. Here we discuss methods to evaluate MO-NPs antibacterial efficiency with focus on issues related to NPs in these assays. We also highlight sources of experimental variability including NP preparation, initial bacterial concentration, bacterial strains tested, culture microenvironment, and reported dose.

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Antibacterial Nanocomposites Based on Thermosetting Polymers Derived from Vegetable Oils and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym11111790 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 1790 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ana Maria Diez-Pascual

Keyword(s):

Metal Oxide ◽

Vegetable Oils ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Food Packaging ◽

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Bacterial Cells ◽

Thermosetting Polymers ◽

Wide Range

Thermosetting polymers derived from vegetable oils (VOs) exhibit a wide range of outstanding properties that make them suitable for coatings, paints, adhesives, food packaging, and other industrial appliances. In addition, some of them show remarkable antimicrobial activity. Nonetheless, the antibacterial properties of these materials can be significantly improved via incorporation of very small amounts of metal oxide nanoparticles (MO-NPs) such as TiO2, ZnO, CuO, or Fe3O4. The antimicrobial efficiency of these NPs correlates with their structural properties like size, shape, and mainly on their concentration and degree of functionalization. Owing to their nanoscale dimensions, high specific surface area and tailorable surface chemistry, MO-NPs can discriminate bacterial cells from mammalian ones, offering long-term antibacterial action. MO-NPs provoke bacterial toxicity through generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can target physical structures, metabolic paths, as well as DNA synthesis, thereby leading to cell decease. Furthermore, other modes of action—including lipid peroxidation, cell membrane lysis, redox reactions at the NP–cell interface, bacterial phagocytosis, etc.—have been reported. In this work, a brief description of current literature on the antimicrobial effect of VO-based thermosetting polymers incorporating MO-NPs is provided. Specifically, the preparation of the nanocomposites, their morphology, and antibacterial properties are comparatively discussed. A critical analysis of the current state-of-art on these nanomaterials improves our understanding to overcome antibiotic resistance and offers alternatives to struggle bacterial infections in public places.

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Physicochemical transformation of ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles in sea water and its impact on bacterial toxicity

Environmental Health Engineering and Management ◽

10.15171/ehem.2019.08 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 73-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Asli Baysal ◽

Hasan Saygin ◽

Gul Sirin Ustabasi

Keyword(s):

Metal Oxide ◽

Surface Chemistry ◽

Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽

Sea Water ◽

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Infrared Spectrometry ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Physicochemical Transformation ◽

Wide Range ◽

Zno And Tio2 Nanoparticles

Background: The enormous properties of metal oxide nanoparticles make it possible to use these nanoparticles in a wide range of products. As their usage and application continue to expand, environmental health concerns have been raised. In order to understand the behavior and effect of metal oxide nanoparticles in the environment, comprehensive and comparable physicochemical and toxicological data on the environmental matrix are required. However, the behavior and effect of nanoparticles in the real environmental matrix, e.g. sea water, are still unknown. Methods: In this study, the effects of zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) nanoparticles on the bacteria (gram positive-Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus/gram-negative Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) in sea water were investigated. Furthermore, to better understand the behavior of the toxicity, surface chemistry, sedimentation, dissolution, particle size, and zeta potential of the nanoparticles dispersed in the sea water matrices were investigated using Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), ultraviolet–visible (UV-VIS) spectrophotometry, graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (GFAAS), and dynamic light scattering (DLS), respectively. Results: The environmental matrix had a significant influence on physicochemical behavior of the tested nanoparticles. Besides, the inhibition of tested bacteria was observed against ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles in the presence of sea water, while there was no inhibition in the controlled condition. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that surface chemistry with exposure to the sea water can have a significant role on the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles and their toxicity.

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A Review of Current Research into the Biogenic Synthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles via Marine Algae and Seagrasses

Journal of Nanoscience ◽

10.1155/2017/8013850 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Derek Fawcett ◽

Jennifer J. Verduin ◽

Monaliben Shah ◽

Shashi B. Sharma ◽

Gérrard Eddy Jai Poinern

Keyword(s):

Metal Oxide ◽

Marine Algae ◽

Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Biogenic Synthesis ◽

Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽

Marine Plants ◽

Wide Range ◽

Clean Manufacturing

Today there is a growing need to develop reliable, sustainable, and ecofriendly protocols for manufacturing a wide range of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. The biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles via nanobiotechnology based techniques has the potential to deliver clean manufacturing technologies. These new clean technologies can significantly reduce environmental contamination and decease the hazards to human health resulting from the use of toxic chemicals and solvents currently used in conventional industrial fabrication processes. The largely unexplored marine environment that covers approximately 70% of the earth’s surface is home to many naturally occurring and renewable marine plants. The present review summarizes current research into the biogenic synthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles via marine algae (commonly known as seaweeds) and seagrasses. Both groups of marine plants contain a wide variety of biologically active compounds and secondary metabolites that enables these plants to act as biological factories for the manufacture of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles.

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