scholarly journals Some Questions and Answers About the Role of Hox Temporal Collinearity in Vertebrate Axial Patterning

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antony J. Durston
Keyword(s):  
Axial Patterning ◽  
Questions And Answers

Some Questions and Answers About the Role of Hox Temporal Collinearity in Vertebrate Axial Patterning

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J.Durston Durston
Keyword(s):  
Axial Patterning ◽  
Common Features ◽  
Timing Mechanism ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Competing Models ◽  
Anterior Posterior

The vertebrate anterior-posterior (A-P = craniocaudal) axis is evidently made by a timing mechanism. Evidence has accumulated that tentatively identifies the A-P timer as being or involving Hox temporal collinearity. Here, I focus on the two current competing models based on this premise. Common features and points of dissent are examined and a common model is distilled from what remains. This is an attempt to make sense of the literature.

6. Company Management and Governance

2020 ◽  
pp. 100-120
Author(s):  
Imogen Moore
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Institutional Investors ◽  
Executive Directors ◽  
Corporate Governance Code ◽  
Executive Remuneration ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
The Uk ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

The Concentrate Questions and Answers series offers the best preparation for tackling exam questions and coursework. Each book includes typical questions, suggested answers with commentary, illustrative diagrams, guidance on how to develop your answer, suggestions for further reading, and advice on exams and coursework. This chapter explores important issues in company management and corporate governance, starting by examining the role of directors and shareholders (and the relationship between them) and the separation of ‘ownership and control’. Since the early 1990s, the governance of listed companies has been dominated by self-regulatory codes (currently the UK Corporate Governance Code). This chapter examines how these codes operate and considers key themes in corporate governance, including the role of non-executive directors and auditors; the position of institutional investors; and executive remuneration.

Protochordate body plan and the evolutionary role of larvae: old controversies resolved?

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thurston C Lacalli
Keyword(s):  
Body Plan ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Axial Patterning ◽  
Chordate Evolution ◽  
Evolutionary Thought ◽  
Full Complement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Pelagic Organism ◽  
Evolutionary Role

Motile larvae figure prominently in a number of past scenarios for chordate and vertebrate origins, notably in the writings of Garstang, Berrill, and Romer. All three focus on the motile larva of a primitively sessile tunicate ancestor as a vertebrate progenitor; Garstang went further in deriving chordates themselves by neoteny from a yet more ancient larva of the dipleurula type. Yet the molecular evidence currently available shows convincingly that the part of the tunicate larva that persists to the adult expresses only a subset of the genes required to specify a complete bilaterian body axis, and essentially the same appears to be true of dipleurula larvae. Specifically, both are essentially heads without trunks. Hence, both are highly derived and as such are probably poor models for any real ancestor. A more convincing case can be made for a sequence of ancestral forms that throughout their evolution were active, motile organisms expressing a full complement of axial patterning genes. This implies a basal, ancestral form resembling modern enteropneusts, although a pelagic organism at a hemichordate level of complexity is also possible. A reassessment is thus required of the role played by adult and larval tunicates, and of larvae more generally, in chordate evolution. Tunicates need to be interpreted with caution, since the extreme degree of modification in the adult may have been accompanied by reductions to the larva. Dipleurula larvae may retain some ancestral features (e.g., of apical, oral, and anal organization), but are otherwise probably too specialized to be central players in chordate evolution. Garstang nevertheless remains a key figure in the history of evolutionary thought for his innovative ideas on the relation between ontogeny and phylogeny, and the way in which major innovations in morphology and body plan arise.

Critical Machines: Art Periodicals Today (Conference Report and Q&A)

ARTMargins ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-34
Author(s):  
Octavian Eşanu
Keyword(s):  
Conference Report ◽  
Art Galleries ◽  
American University ◽  
American University Of Beirut ◽  
General Report ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Critical Machines ◽  
Editorial Strategies ◽  
Selection Of

This introduction and selection of Questions and Answers are from a conference organized in 2014 at the American University of Beirut Art Galleries titled Critical Machines: Art Periodicals Today. The conference summoned editors of art periodicals from different countries in order to discuss the role of art magazines, journals, platforms, and newspapers. While the introduction provides a general report on the conference, discussing the principles according to which the panels were organized or describing and comparing the missions of some periodicals, the selection of questions from the audience and answers from editors that follow aim to convey different editorial strategies, political disputes, funding models, and relations to readership that one can encounter today in the field of art periodicals.

Population Evolution: The Pollination Game

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer J. Weber ◽  
Laura B. Vary ◽  
Colette E.S. Berg ◽  
Beth H. Ansaldi ◽  
Steven J. Franks
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
High School Teachers ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
School Students ◽  
Biology Students ◽  
Questions And Answers

To teach the most central concepts in evolutionary biology, we present an activity in pollination biology. Students play the role of either pollinator or flower and work through a set of scenarios to maximize plant fitness. This “Pollination Game” facilitates critical and inquiry-based thinking, and we accompany each round of the exercise with a set of discussion questions and answers. We have piloted and fine tuned this exercise with high school students, and improved the exercise with the input of high school teachers at a teaching conference. The activity could easily be adapted for freshman undergraduate students.

scholarly journals Adaptation confusion? A longitudinal examination of the concept “climate change adaptation” in Norwegian municipal surveys.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torbjørn Selseng ◽  
Marit Klemetsen ◽  
Tone Rusdal
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Building Society ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Local Government Level ◽  
Longitudinal Examination

AbstractIn recent decades, there has been a surge in the scholarship on climate change adaptation (CCA) terminology and diverging interpretations of the term has emerged. Given the crucial role of local governments in building society-wide adaptive capacity, understanding how municipalities understand and interpret CCA, is important. In this study, we analyse twelve large-scale questionnaires from 2007 to 2020 distributed to all Norwegian municipalities. Using a combination of directed and conventional content analysis of the questions and answers, we summarise and map the progress of adaptation work over the 14 years and assess the consistency and the scope of the surveys in light of the current research on climate adaptation. We find diverging views on what adaptation entails, both from the researchers, in the phrasing of questions, and from the respondents. The empirical evidence suggests an overall imbalanced interpretation of CCA, both in terms of the risks and consequences we may face, the climate that needs adapting to, as well as adequate adaptation strategies. We go on to discuss the implications of these findings, highlighting the need for a shared and well-communicated framework for local CCA and a closer monitoring of the actual efforts of the municipalities. If instead left unchecked, this confusion might lead to unsustainable maladaptation at the local government level throughout Norway and beyond.

Poultry farming: current questions and answers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Okolelova ◽  
Syergyey YEngashyev ◽  
Ivan Yegorov
Keyword(s):  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Mixed Feed ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Poultry Farming

In the book in the form of questions and answers considerable attention is paid to data on the needs of all types of poultry in nutritional, mineral and biologically active substances, taking into account age of poultry. The characteristic of the main feed products is given, and the rational norms for including them in mixed feed for poultry are indicated. The role of vitamins, macro- and microelements, enzyme preparations, probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, organic acids, antioxidants, emulsifiers and other sources of biologically active substances in poultry nutrition is shown. Both nutritional factors that reduce the immune system and the causes of major feed diseases, which are related to the quality of feed, with violations in the rationing of nutrients and minerals, are indicated, and also biologically active substances, technologies for feeding and keeping poultry, methods of their prevention are given. It is addressed to specialists and managers of poultry farms, feed industry enterprises, researchers, postgraduates and students.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document