scholarly journals AXL, an Important Host Factor for DENV and ZIKV Replication

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengda Xie ◽  
Huiru Zhang ◽  
Zhenjie Liang ◽  
Xingmiao Yang ◽  
Ruibing Cao
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
World Health ◽  
Enveloped Viruses ◽  
The World ◽  
Important Host ◽  
Health Organization

Flaviviruses, as critically important pathogens, are still major public health problems all over the world. For instance, the evolution of ZIKV led to large-scale outbreaks in the Yap island in 2007. DENV was considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the 10 threats to global health in 2019. Enveloped viruses hijack a variety of host factors to complete its replication cycle. Phosphatidylserine (PS) receptor, AXL, is considered to be a candidate receptor for flavivirus invasion. In this review, we discuss the molecular structure of ZIKV and DENV, and how they interact with AXL to successfully invade host cells. A more comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms of flavivirus-AXL interaction will provide crucial insights into the virus infection process and the development of anti-flavivirus therapeutics.

Natural products from the traditional Moroccan pharmacopoeia: A potential lead for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1278-1285
Author(s):  
Mohamed Yafout ◽  
Amine Ousaid ◽  
Ibrahim Sbai El Otmani ◽  
Youssef Khayati ◽  
Amal Ait Haj Said
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Promising Source

The new SARS-CoV-2 belonging to the coronaviruses family has caused a pandemic affecting millions of people around the world. This pandemic has been declared by the World Health Organization as an international public health emergency. Although several clinical trials involving a large number of drugs are currently underway, no treatment protocol for COVID-19 has been officially approved so far. Here we demonstrate through a search in the scientific literature that the traditional Moroccan pharmacopoeia, which includes more than 500 medicinal plants, is a fascinating and promising source for the research of natural molecules active against SARS-CoV-2. Multiple in-silico and in-vitro studies showed that some of the medicinal plants used by Moroccans for centuries possess inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2. These inhibitory activities are achieved through the different molecular mechanisms of virus penetration and replication, or indirectly through stimulation of immunity. Thus, the potential of plants, plant extracts and molecules derived from plants that are traditionally used in Morocco and have activity against SARS-CoV-2, could be explored in the search for a preventive or curative treatment against COVID-19. Furthermore, safe plants or plant extracts that are proven to stimulate immunity could be officially recommended by governments as nutritional supplements.

scholarly journals Endothelial activation and dysfunction in COVID-19: from basic mechanisms to potential therapeutic approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuefei Jin ◽  
Wangquan Ji ◽  
Haiyan Yang ◽  
Shuaiyin Chen ◽  
Weiguo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Endothelial Activation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Endothelial Inflammation ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractOn 12 March 2020, the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. As of 4 August 2020, more than 18 million confirmed infections had been reported globally. Most patients have mild symptoms, but some patients develop respiratory failure which is the leading cause of death among COVID-19 patients. Endothelial cells with high levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression are major participants and regulators of inflammatory reactions and coagulation. Accumulating evidence suggests that endothelial activation and dysfunction participate in COVID-19 pathogenesis by altering the integrity of vessel barrier, promoting pro-coagulative state, inducing endothelial inflammation, and even mediating leukocyte infiltration. This review describes the proposed cellular and molecular mechanisms of endothelial activation and dysfunction during COVID-19 emphasizing the principal mediators and therapeutic implications.

Following the directives of World Health Organization: A Hobsons Choice

Coronaviruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaima S. Ali Miraj
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
International Health ◽  
Health Agency ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: Of late several articles in prestigious scientific platforms have shown that, 'COVID-19 has questioned the global health expertise of some developed countries like the USA UK and other European nations as well as the international health agency, the World Health Organization, highlighting that they faltered in managing the crisis during the pandemic. The objective of this article is to highlight the fact that as there was no specific vaccine or treatment at hand, the portfolio available with these nations under the directions of the WHO to counter the measures against COVID19, was limited. There was no other alternative in this time of world’s most unprecedented emergency, and whatever immediate steps were taken to contain the virus spread by the WHO were justified. Methods: Using the available literature on the internet and library sources, a survey of published articles in leading journals of the world have been made to analyse the various articles describing the position of the WHO and its future strategies in dealing with the worlds most unprecedented pandemic. Results and Conclusion: The present communication suggests that a large scale fund allocation in a fixed percentage for Health for All, from every member country’s defence budget can be separately made for substantially replenishing the already depleting funding of the WHO. This will enable an effective control of the global pandemic crisis with significant international cooperation, allowing sharing of the financial burden. The specially created fund can be used under international monitoring for such unprecedented calamities in future. More focus can thus be given to special training of manpower, advancements in the protective equipment, development of vaccines, critical care hospitals and centres on a global basis.

Converting to a Synchronous Virtual Nursing Research Conference Amidst a Pandemic: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
Lilian J. Canamo ◽  
Jessica P. Bejar ◽  
Judy E. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
University Of California ◽  
World Health ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
Research Conference ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The University

University of California San Diego Health was set to launch its 13th annual Nursing and Inquiry Innovation Conference event in June 2020. However, the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic placed a barrier to large gatherings throughout the world. Because the World Health Organization designated 2020 as the Year of the Nurse and Midwife, the University committed to continuing the large-scale conference, converting to a virtual event. This article reviews the methodologies behind the delivery of the virtual event and implications for user engagement and learning on the blended electronic platform.

Postscript

2021 ◽  
pp. 411-422
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
World Health ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
Infected Blood ◽  
Safety Review ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Uk

This chapter reveals some of the major changes in the European and UK regulatory framework following the UK leaving the EU (Brexit), public health consequences of the supply of infected blood products, and the Covid-19 pandemic. It covers issues that occurred after Brexit, the independent medicines and medical devices safety review, and the UK blood enquiry. It also mentions the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) that became the UK’s standalone regulator of medicines and medical devices since 1 January 2021, acting independently in joint work with other international regulators. The chapter elaborates on the UK’s intention to develop a new regulatory framework for medical devices that reflect the Independent Medicines and Medical Devices Safety Review published in July 2020. It highlights the European Medicines Agency’s (EMA) cooperation with the World Health Organization (WHO) on developing potential Covid-19 treatments by facilitating large-scale clinical trials.

World Health Organization

1949 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-164
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Venereal Disease ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
World Health ◽  
Director General ◽  
Executive Board ◽  
Regional Office ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The Executive Board of the World Health Organization met in Geneva for its second session from October 25 to November 11, 1948. Some of the more important matters considered from an agenda which comprised more than seventy items included: 1) allocation of $100,000 for an extensive research program on tuberculosis; 2) approval of the report of a committee of experts on venereal disease recommending the large-scale use of penicillin in the treatment of syphilis and calling for WHO to stimulate penicillin production and distribution; 3) authorization to the WHO Director-General to create a Bureau of Medical Supplies to coordinate information and to advise governments on questions concerning the procurement of essential drugs, biological products, and medical equipment; 4) allocation of nearly $1,500,000 for the purpose of giving more direct aid to governments in all parts of the world in the form of field demonstrations and the provision of fellowships for medical and public health personnel; 5) approval of research along lines suggested by the International Congress of Mental Health, including comparative studies, surveys and demonstrations in that field; 6) appointment of Lt. Col. Chandra Mani (India) as director of the WHO Regional Office for South East Asia which was to be established early in 1949 in New Delhi, and 7) authorization to the WHO Director-General to sign a working agreement with the Pan American Sanitary Organization to serve as the WHO regional organization for the Western Hemisphere as soon as fourteen of the twenty-one American republics had completed ratification of the WHO Constitution. The next session of the Executive Board was scheduled for February 21, 1949, also in Geneva.

scholarly journals Scabies in Indonesia: Epidemiology and Prevention

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Reqgi First Trasia
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
World Health ◽  
Neglected Tropical Disease ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Scale Control

Scabies is still a health problem in the world, including Indonesia. The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2017 stated that scabies is included in the Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) which requires large-scale control. In Indonesia, according to data from the Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia the prevalence of scabies in 2017 is 6% of the total population in Indonesia. Discussion on the incidence and prevention of scabies from various regions in Indonesia so far is still not comprehensive. This review will provide an overview related to epidemiology and preventive measures against scabies so that scabies cases in Indonesia can be controlled properly

scholarly journals A Study on the Economic Impact and Preventive Measures about Covid-19 in Tamilnadu

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
A Sangamithra ◽  
P Dhavamani
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
World Health ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Cost Cutting ◽  
The World ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Health Experts

This paper represents the COVID-19 Economic impact and pandemic that’s affecting our globe widely. The virus is sweeping across the world, parting a trail of efficient and group dent in its wake. Coronavirus has gone with new evils and miseries in the large-scale nation and health. The profitable force of the coronavirus is subsequently critical that the experts predicted that the forthcoming large scale depression would be as like as the 1929 terrible depression or at slightest will cross over the 2008 monetary crisis. Countries adopted a national scale lockdown as a head march to enclose the coronavirus. For that altogether, money-making  behavior and everyday energy stopped, barren cities and the street feels like hollows. The macro monetary brunt of the coronavirus and the outlook of the macro cost-cutting measure after the epidemic ends. Corona infection is increasing rapidly in India and the number of people falling victim to the coronavirus infection. The coronavirus disease continues to increase across humankind next to a path that is tough to predict. The health, caring and socio-economic policies adopted by countries will control the rate and dilution of the recovery. The World Health Organization and health experts and doctors are advising people to be safe to raise awareness.

scholarly journals Juridical Optics in the Formulation of Execution Application Form Act No. 6 of 2018 concerning Health Quarantine After the End of the Implementation of Large-Scale Social Restrictions and the Imposition of New Normal and Safe Life Coordination Period 19 to Achieve Criminal Justice for Every Indonesian Citizen

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Edi Ribut Harwanto
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
World Health ◽  
Director General ◽  
Bat Virus ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
National Disaster

World Health Organization (WHO) Director General of the World Health Organization, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus officially announced the Corona virus (Covid 19) as a pandemic on Wednesday, March 11, 2020, so the world community and countries of the world were excited and asked to take steps prevention measures according to the health protocol established by WHO. The WHO reason is that prevention needs to be carried out by world countries, because the Corona Covid 19 Virus pandemic is an infectious disease that spreads easily from human to human in various parts of the world. I do not know, from where the source of this corona virus appears and infects and exposes the virus so that it becomes pandamic and kills many people in the countries of the world so quickly. Citing Worldometers website data, Tuesday (2/6/2020), the number of confirmed cases of corona virus infection globally is 6,358,294 (6.36 million) cases. Meanwhile, the number of deaths recorded was 377,031 cases. While the number of patients recovered as many as 2,888,571 (2.89 million) people. The number of active cases is 3,092,692 (3.09 million) cases, with 3,039,290 (3.04 million) in mild conditions, and 53,402 in serious conditions. Furthermore, the global tragedy to follow up and respond to the insistence of the WHO world health organization, the Indonesian state took anticipatory steps with the congressional movement starting on April 13, 2020, through the President of the Republic of Indonesia Joko Widodo expressly announcing and establishing and stating that the Covid 19 Virus is as a non-natural national disaster spreading Corona Virus Diseasses 2019 (Covid 19) as a national disaster.  In order to prevent the exposure or the strongest Covid 19 virus to the people of Indonesia, the government issued Presidential Regulation No. 12 of 2020, and Government Regulation No. 21 of 2020 concerning the implementation of the related large-scale Social Restrictions (hurud b), Article 49 Paragraph (3) and Article 59 of Law Law No. 6 of 2018 concerning Health Qulity. Indonesia did not want to bother, and asked WHO, the results of the Corona Covid 19 virus were accepted, but were more focused on handling the corona virus in the country. Meanwhile, developed countries such as America, Britain, Australia, opposed cool in an opinion war against China, which is associated with several countries Corona Virus came and began to plague in Wuhan, China using the source of infectious diseases through the bat virus. America, can receive that information, namely the President of the United States Donald Trump, accepts anger and sulking, and even has evidence of the results of his intelligence reports related to it, the Corona virus is actually not a virus transmitted from a bat virus to humans, but Donald Trump's presumption , that's the corona virus, originating from chemical laboratories in Wuhan China, which leaked and infected humans and eventually became a plague of infectious viruses throughout the world. Latest information, Britain, Australia, America will file a claim for compensation to the Chinese state through a lawsuit to the International Criminal Court (ICC).  Furthermore, to support the objectives of this study, the paradigm used in this study is the post-positivism paradigm. The post-positivism paradigm wants to prove everything is based on reality (which can be built based on experience, observation), the researcher is neutral towards the object of research, even though the researcher holding this paradigm remains neutral towards the object of research, but he wants to examine what actually happened from things the thing that seems certain. The post-positivism paradigm ontologically conceptualizes reality as it really is, but it is realized that there are actually many factors that influence that reality. Consequently, ontologically the post-positivism paradigm conceptualizes the law as a set of rules that apply in society whose behavior will be influenced by factors (economic, political, cultural, etc.). Epistemologically, researchers sit themselves impersonal, separate from the object of research. The researcher's position on the object of research is neutral and impartial.

scholarly journals Framework Implementation of the INSPIRE ICOPE-CARE program in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) in the Occitania region

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
N. Tavassoli ◽  
A. Piau ◽  
C. Berbon ◽  
J. De Kerimel ◽  
C. Lafont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Care Program ◽  
World Health ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Digital Medicine ◽  
The World ◽  
Intrinsic Capacity ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: Limiting the number of dependent older people in coming years will be a major economic and human challenge. In response, the World Health Organization (WHO) has developed the «Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE)» approach. The aim of the ICOPE program is to enable as many people as possible to age in good health. To reach this objective, the WHO proposes to follow the trajectory of an individual’s intrinsic capacity, which is the composite of all their physical and mental capacities and comprised of multiple domains including mobility, cognition, vitality / nutrition, psychological state, vision, hearing. Objective: The main objective of the INSPIRE ICOPE-CARE program is to implement, in clinical practice at a large scale, the WHO ICOPE program in the Occitania region, in France, to promote healthy aging and maintain the autonomy of seniors using digital medicine. Method: The target population is independent seniors aged 60 years and over. To follow this population, the 6 domains of intrinsic capacity are systematically monitored with pre-established tools proposed by WHO especially STEP 1 which has been adapted in digital form to make remote and large-scale monitoring possible. Two tools were developed: the ICOPE MONITOR, an application, and the BOTFRAIL, a conversational robot. Both are connected to the Gerontopole frailty database. STEP 1 is performed every 4-6 months by professionals or seniors themselves. If a deterioration in one or more domains of intrinsic capacity is identified, an alert is generated by an algorithm which allows health professionals to quickly intervene. The operational implementation of the INSPIRE ICOPE-CARE program in Occitania is done by the network of Territorial Teams of Aging and Prevention of Dependency (ETVPD) which have more than 2,200 members composed of professionals in the medical, medico-social and social sectors. Targeted actions have started to deploy the use of STEP 1 by healthcare professionals (physicians, nurses, pharmacists,…) or different institutions like French National old age insurance fund (CNAV), complementary pension funds (CEDIP), Departmental Council of Haute Garonne, etc. Perspective: The INSPIRE ICOPE-CARE program draws significantly on numeric tools, e-health and digital medicine to facilitate communication and coordination between professionals and seniors. It seeks to screen and monitor 200,000 older people in Occitania region within 3 to 5 years and promote preventive actions. The French Presidential Plan Grand Age aims to largely implement the WHO ICOPE program in France following the experience of the INSPIRE ICOPE-CARE program in Occitania.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document