scholarly journals “Omics” Technologies for the Study of Soil Carbon Stabilization: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Overy ◽  
Madison A. Bell ◽  
Jemaneh Habtewold ◽  
Bobbi L. Helgason ◽  
Edward G. Gregorich
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
And Function ◽  
Agricultural Land Management ◽  
Soil Carbon Stabilization

Evidence-based decisions governing sustainable agricultural land management practices require a mechanistic understanding of soil organic matter (SOM) transformations and stabilization of carbon in soil. Large amounts of carbon from organic fertilizers, root exudates, and crop residues are input into agricultural soils. Microbes then catalyze soil biogeochemical processes including carbon extracellular transformation, mineralization, and assimilation of resources that are later returned to the soil as metabolites and necromass. A systems biology approach for a holistic study of the transformation of carbon inputs into stable SOM requires the use of soil “omics” platforms (metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics, and metabolomics). Linking the data derived from these various platforms will enhance our knowledge of structure and function of the microbial communities involved in soil carbon cycling and stabilization. In this review, we discuss the application, potential, and suitability of different “omics” approaches (independently and in combination) for elucidating processes involved in the transformation of stable carbon in soil. We highlight biases associated with these approaches including limitations of the methods, experimental design, and soil sampling, as well as those associated with data analysis and interpretation.

scholarly journals Impact of Agricultural Practices and their Management Techniques on Soil Carbon Sequestration: A Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harmandeep Singh Chahal ◽  
Amanpreet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Humus Formation ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Carbon Retention

Carbon emissions through various sources possess a great threat to the environment. An increase in carbon concentration in the atmosphere resulted in increased temperature. Escalating warmness in the environment started melting of glaciers, day by day water level in oceans also increasing at an alarming rate. Forests, oceans and agricultural soils act as a sink for atmospheric carbon. Sinking sites help in making the balance of various gases in the atmosphere. Managing agricultural soils provides a good opportunity for more carbon storage. Adoption of conservation tillage, incorporation or on surface management of crop residue and balanced fertilization helps in reducing carbon removal from soil. More organic matter means more humus formation and more carbon retention in soil. Such management practices not only boost soil carbon-storing capacity but also increase soil fertility through hiking nutrient availability to plants and microbial populations in the soil. Higher plant growth results in more assimilation of CO2 in the photosynthesis process.

scholarly journals Evaluation De La Performance Des Pratiques De Gestion De La Fertilite Des Sols Dans Le Bassin De La Riviere Okpara Au Benin

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (33) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
M.A. Akpo ◽  
A. Saidou ◽  
I. Balogoun ◽  
I. Yabi ◽  
L.B. Bio Bigou
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Soil Fertility Management ◽  
Fertility Management ◽  
Yield Level

A good management of agricultural land based on scientific knowledge and farmer indigenuous knowledge is necessary to ensure sustainable agricultural production. Our research aims to evaluate the performance of farmers' strategies and improved soil fertility management practices in improving level of crop yields in the basin of the Okpara River in Benin. Surveys using semi-structured questionnaire were conducted from October 11 to November 30, 2015 on a sample of 1048 farmers belonging to socio-cultural groups Tchabè, Mahi, Ditamari, Lokpa, Bariba and Fulani. Informations collected concerned farmers' soil fertility management practices and soil fertility improvement strategies introduced by the extension services. Crop rotation, long term natural fallow, fallow with perennial crops especially cashew trees, cassava "fallow" and cereal and leguminuous intercropping (respectively 91.11; 41.66; 48.53; 54.61 and 86.25% of respondents) are endogenous soil fertility management practices. However, mineral and organic fertilizers (respectively 25.45 and 20.38% of respondents) are improved soil fertility management practices introduced. Generally 42% of respondent mentioned that indigenuous soil fertility management practices could improve only by 25% crop (especially maize) yield level against 98.5% of respondents who mentioned that improved soil fertility management practices could improve by 50% of the crop yield level. Considering the efficiency of these soil fertility management practices our study suggests some issues to be taken into account for better land management in the study area.

scholarly journals 315 Formation, persistence, and function of soil organic matter: how recent scientific advances apply in agroecosystems

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 51-52
Author(s):  
Jocelyn M Lavallee ◽  
Francesca Cotrufo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Plant Litter ◽  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
The Usa ◽  
And Function

Abstract Soil organic matter is fundamental to healthy and productive soils and building it is an effective means by which to draw down atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations with added co-benefits. Scientific understanding of soil organic matter dynamics is constantly evolving, and the past decade has seen major advances and paradigm shifts. Soil organic matter creation from decaying plant litter is now thought to occur under two separate pathways, yielding two functionally different types: predominantly plant-derived, unprotected particulate organic matter (POM) and predominantly microbially-derived, mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM). The idea of naturally-occurring humic substances in soils has been largely abandoned, and long-term soil organic matter persistence is now understood to be driven mainly by mineral association. We will present the research behind these paradigm shifts, and show how considering POM and MAOM separately is key to understanding the mechanisms driving carbon accrual and persistence in soil, and therefore to guiding policy and management for soil carbon sequestration. We will present drivers of POM and MAOM contents, from individual fields to continents, including their capacity for sequestration and saturation in agricultural soils of the USA, and their responses to common management practices in agroecosystems.

scholarly journals Soil parameter variability affecting simulated fieldscale water balance, erosion and phosphorus losses

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 402-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. BÄRLUND ◽  
S. TATTARI ◽  
M. PUUSTINEN
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Field Scale ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Scale Modelling ◽  
Phosphorus Losses

Field-scale modelling is widely used as a means to look into interdependencies of processes and to assess potential effects of agricultural management practices as well as of climate and socio-economic scenarios. Generalisation from field-scale results to cover all agricultural land in a catchment by using typical soilcrop- slope combinations has been restricted by a lack of information for the systematic parameterisation of soils. Data from single experimental fields are seldom representative for the whole respective catchment. In this study typical soil profiles for mineral agricultural soils in Finland are defined. Key parameters describing e.g. the texture and water holding capacity of soils, were generated from existing soil data using expert knowledge and are aimed to be used for field-scale modelling when the target is not to model a particular field but soils of certain type in general. Estimates for water balance and phosphorus losses, obtained with the ICECREAM model by applying these data sets, were realistic and compatible with experimental results measured in Finland.;

scholarly journals Mitigation of Climate Change through Approached Agriculture-Soil Carbon Sequestration (A Review)

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-64
Author(s):  
Shamal S. Kumar ◽  
Ananta G. Mahale ◽  
Ashutosh C. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Good Effect

It is projected that by 2030, the global population will rise to 8.5 billion influencing various changes to the whole globe. Since 1750, the level of carbon dioxide (CO2) has increased sharply and exceeds more than 31 percent as a result of land use change and intense farming activities that require unique and modern actions to manage its climate - related risks. The earth is getting warmer day by day due to land use transition, intensive agriculture; global carbon (C) emissions have drastically increases after industrial revolution. Soil C depletion is enhanced by soil mismanagement, soil degradation and aggravated by land exploitation. Sources of emissions from various anthropogenic activities; land use change, burning of natural biomass, natural conversion to agricultural habitats, and soil cultivation. The soil as a dynamic natural entity has the potential of storing most of the C from atmosphere that will cause substantial decrease in CO2 content that is enhancing global climate change. Through agriculture, soils can reduce CO2 emissions in the atmosphere and store C while having good effect on food security, water quality and climate prior to the introduction of best management and restorative land-use practices. Most of the reduced C in soil carbon (SC) pools can be recovered by embracing conservation tillage (no-till, reduced tillage) with cover cropping and incorporating crop residues as mulch, nutrient management through integrated nutrient management practices, manure and organic amendments, biochar and using other productive soil management strategies. These management systems lead to preservation of lands that are being or have been depleted, increase carbon production, enhance soil health and decrease the amount of atmospheric CO2 leading to climate change mitigation.

scholarly journals Estimation of soil carbon stock in some wetlands of the northeastern region of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Md. Shiful Islam ◽  
Arafat Rahman ◽  
Humyra B. Murshed ◽  
A.S.M. Mohiuddin ◽  
Md. Jashim Uddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Wetland Soils ◽  
Northeastern Region ◽  
C Stock ◽  
The Impact

An investigation was carried out in some wetland soils of the northeastern region of Bangladesh up to 100 cm depth of both medium high and lowlands to estimate the carbon (C) stock as well as evaluate the impact of anthropogenic activities in these ecosystems. Among these wetland soils, C stock was found to be the highest in Nikli wetland (4.5 Tg), succeeded by Hakaluki (4.0 Tg), Hail (2.8 Tg) and Balai wetland soils (2.5 Tg). The C stock was higher in the medium low land sites in contrast to medium high land sites. The soil reaction, bulk density, nitrogen content, soil carbon-nitrogen dynamics and soil organic carbon (SOC) storage were investigated in the studied sites as well in different vertical scales. Among the investigated wetland soils, Hakaluki wetland stored greater amount of SOC in the deeper soil layers whereas an inverse relationship between soil depth and SOC storage was noted for rest of the wetlands. Moreover, C stock in basin regions was gradually lessening in greater magnitude which may lead to higher carbonaceous gas emissions. Management practices including restoration of the drained agricultural land-use types to flooded conditions, balanced fertilization along with organic manure and water management practices should be adopted to restore these wetland soils as a C sink from the C source.

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