scholarly journals Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells: Neglected Regulators of the Immune Response to Staphylococcus aureus

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Bekeredjian-Ding ◽  
Johann Greil ◽  
Sandra Ammann ◽  
Marijo Parcina
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells

scholarly journals Role for Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in the Immune Control of Recurrent Human Herpes Simplex Virus Infection

2008 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 1952-1961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Donaghy ◽  
Lidija Bosnjak ◽  
Andrew N. Harman ◽  
Valerie Marsden ◽  
Stephen K. Tyring ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells ◽  
Immune Control ◽  
T Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Simplex Virus

ABSTRACT Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) are an important component of the innate immune response, producing large amounts of alpha interferon in response to viral stimulation in vitro. Under noninflammatory conditions, pDC are not found in the skin and are restricted in location to the blood and lymph nodes. Therefore, their role in mucosal and cutaneous herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection has not been well-defined. In this study we show a role for human pDC in the immune response to HSV infection. First, by confocal microscopy we showed that pDC infiltrate the dermis of recurrent genital herpes simplex lesions at early and late phases, often at the dermo-epidermal junction. We then showed that pDC in vitro are resistant to HSV infection despite expressing the entry receptors CD111, CD112, and HVE-A. Within the lesions, pDC were found closely associated with CD3+ lymphocytes and NK cells, especially those which were activated (CD69+). Furthermore, these HSV-exposed pDC were able to stimulate virus-specific autologous T-lymphocyte proliferation. We conclude from this work that pDC may contribute to the immune control of recurrent herpes virus infection in vivo.

scholarly journals Plasmacytoid dendritic cells and Th17 immune response contribution in gastrointestinal acute graft-versus-host disease

Leukemia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1471-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Bossard ◽  
F Malard ◽  
J Arbez ◽  
P Chevallier ◽  
T Guillaume ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Graft Versus Host Disease ◽  
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells ◽  
Host Disease ◽  
Graft Versus Host ◽  
Acute Graft

scholarly journals Dendritic Cells Are Central Coordinators of the Host Immune Response to Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 181 (4) ◽  
pp. 1327-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Schindler ◽  
Maximiliano G. Gutierrez ◽  
Andreas Beineke ◽  
Yvonne Rauter ◽  
Manfred Rohde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Host Immune Response ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus Bloodstream Infection

scholarly journals Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Depletion and Elevation of IFN-γ Dependent Chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10 in Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Caldarale ◽  
Mauro Giacomelli ◽  
Emirena Garrafa ◽  
Nicola Tamassia ◽  
Alessia Morreale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells ◽  
Type I ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Cardiovascular Damage ◽  
Inflammatory Chemokines ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome

BackgroundSARS-CoV-2 occurs in the majority of children as COVID-19, without symptoms or with a paucisymptomatic respiratory syndrome, but a small proportion of children develop the systemic Multi Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C), characterized by persistent fever and systemic hyperinflammation, with some clinical features resembling Kawasaki Disease (KD).ObjectiveWith this study we aimed to shed new light on the pathogenesis of these two SARS-CoV-2-related clinical manifestations.MethodsWe investigated lymphocyte and dendritic cells subsets, chemokine/cytokine profiles and evaluated the neutrophil activity mediators, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and reactive oxygen species (ROS), in 10 children with COVID-19 and 9 with MIS-C at the time of hospital admission.ResultsPatients with MIS-C showed higher plasma levels of C reactive protein (CRP), MPO, IL-6, and of the pro-inflammatory chemokines CXCL8 and CCL2 than COVID-19 children. In addition, they displayed higher levels of the chemokines CXCL9 and CXCL10, mainly induced by IFN-γ. By contrast, we detected IFN-α in plasma of children with COVID-19, but not in patients with MIS-C. This observation was consistent with the increase of ISG15 and IFIT1 mRNAs in cells of COVID-19 patients, while ISG15 and IFIT1 mRNA were detected in MIS-C at levels comparable to healthy controls. Moreover, quantification of the number of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which constitute the main source of IFN-α, showed profound depletion of this subset in MIS-C, but not in COVID-19.ConclusionsOur results show a pattern of immune response which is suggestive of type I interferon activation in COVID-19 children, probably related to a recent interaction with the virus, while in MIS-C the immune response is characterized by elevation of the inflammatory cytokines/chemokines IL-6, CCL2, and CXCL8 and of the chemokines CXCL9 and CXL10, which are markers of an active Th1 type immune response. We believe that these immunological events, together with neutrophil activation, might be crucial in inducing the multisystem and cardiovascular damage observed in MIS-C.

scholarly journals Altered innate immune response of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in multiple sclerosis

2009 ◽  
Vol 157 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bayas ◽  
M. Stasiolek ◽  
N. Kruse ◽  
K. V. Toyka ◽  
K. Selmaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells ◽  
Innate Immune

scholarly journals Non-Pathogenic Mopeia Virus Induces More Robust Activation of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells than Lassa Virus

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Schaeffer ◽  
Stéphanie Reynard ◽  
Xavier Carnec ◽  
Natalia Pietrosemoli ◽  
Marie-Agnès Dillies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Lassa Virus ◽  
Type I ◽  
Viral Haemorrhagic Fever

Lassa virus (LASV) causes a viral haemorrhagic fever in humans and is a major public health concern in West Africa. An efficient immune response to LASV appears to rely on type I interferon (IFN-I) production and T-cell activation. We evaluated the response of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) to LASV, as they are an important and early source of IFN-I. We compared the response of primary human pDCs to LASV and Mopeia virus (MOPV), which is very closely related to LASV, but non-pathogenic. We showed that pDCs are not productively infected by either MOPV or LASV, but produce IFN-I. However, the activation of pDCs was more robust in response to MOPV than LASV. In vivo, pDC activation may support the control of viral replication through IFN-I production, but also improve the induction of a global immune response. Therefore, pDC activation could play a role in the control of LASV infection.

Free HTLV-1 induces TLR7-dependent innate immune response and TRAIL relocalization in killer plasmacytoid dendritic cells

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (11) ◽  
pp. 2177-2185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renaud Colisson ◽  
Lucie Barblu ◽  
Christophe Gras ◽  
Françoise Raynaud ◽  
Reda Hadj-Slimane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Innate Immune Response ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Interferon Α ◽  
Human T Cell ◽  
Endosomal Acidification

Abstract A recent report demonstrated that free human T-cell leukemia virus 1 (HTLV-1) could infect plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). The major role of pDCs is to secrete massive levels of interferon-α (IFN-α) upon virus exposure; however, the induction of IFN-α by HTLV-1 remains unknown. We demonstrate here that cell-free HTLV-1 generated a pDC innate immune response by producing massive levels of IFN-α that were inhibited by anti–HTLV-1 antibodies. HTLV-1 induced costimulatory molecules and rapid expression of the apoptotic ligand tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Furthermore, HTLV-1 stimulated pDC-induced apoptosis of CD4+ T cells expressing DR5, transforming pDCs into IFN-producing killer pDCs. We also observed that an endosomal acidification inhibitor and a Toll-like receptor-7 (TLR7)–specific blocker drastically inhibited pDC response to HTLV-1. Three-dimensional microscopy analysis revealed that unstimulated pDCs were “dormant” IFN-producing killer pDCs with high levels of intracellular TRAIL that could be rapidly mobilized to the surface in response to TLR7 activation. Inhibition of viral degradation in endosomes by chloroquine maintained viral integrity, allowing virus detection by 3-dimensional microscopy. We demonstrate that pDCs respond to cell-free HTLV-1 by producing high levels of IFN-α and by mobilizing TRAIL on cell surface after TLR7 triggering. This is the first demonstration of an innate immune response induced by free HTLV-1.

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