scholarly journals Probiotics, Anticipation Stress, and the Acute Immune Response to Night Shift

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas P. West ◽  
Lily Hughes ◽  
Rebecca Ramsey ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Christopher J. Martoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Sleep Disruption ◽  
Probiotic Supplementation ◽  
Supplementation Period ◽  
Night Shifts

IntroductionSleep disturbance and sleep disruption are associated with chronic, low grade inflammation and may underpin a range of chronic diseases in night shift workers. Through modulation of the intestinal microbiota, probiotic supplements may moderate the effects of sleep disruption on the immune system. The aim of this study was to examine 14 days of daily probiotic supplementation on the acute response of acute phase proteins and immune markers to sleep disruption associated with night shift work (Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: 12617001552370).MethodsIndividuals (mean age 41 ± 11 yrs; 74% female) performing routine night shift were randomly assigned to a probiotic group (1 × 1010 colony forming units (CFU) Lactobacillus acidophilus DDS-1 or 1 × 1010 CFU Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis UABla-12) or placebo (n= 29 per group). Participants undertook a 14-day supplementation period that coincided with a period of no night shifts followed by two consecutive night shifts. Blood samples were collected prior to the start of supplementation (V1), prior to commencing the first night shift (V2), after the first night shift (V3) and after the second night shift (V4). Serum was assessed for markers of stress (cortisol), acute phase response (C reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, pentraxin), adhesion markers (serum E-selectin, mucosal vascular addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1), and serum cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1ra, IL-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-10). Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and a Fitbit activity tracker.ResultsThe groups were well balanced on key markers and the probiotic strains were well tolerated. The 14-day supplementation period that coincided with typical night-day sleep-wake cycles leading up to night shift (V1 to V2) was associated with significant changes in the placebo group in the concentration of serum cortisol (p = 0.01), pentraxin (p = 0.001), MAdCAM-1 (p = 0.001), and IL-1ra (p=0.03). In contrast, probiotic supplementation moderated changes in these serum markers from V1 to V2. No significant interaction effects (time by group) were observed for the serum markers prior to and after night shift work following probiotic supplementation due to the substantial changes in the serum markers that occurred during the normal sleep period from V1 to V2.ConclusionsProbiotics may moderate the effects of anticipatory stress on the immune system in the lead up to night shift.

scholarly journals Social jetlag and sleep debts are altered in different rosters of night shift work

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262049
Author(s):  
Swaantje Casjens ◽  
Frank Brenscheidt ◽  
Anita Tisch ◽  
Beate Beermann ◽  
Thomas Brüning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Social Jetlag ◽  
Sleep Debt ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Night Shifts

Background Night and shift work are suspected to cause various adverse effects on health and sleep. Sleep deprivation through shift work is assumed to be compensated on free days. So far it is not clear how different shift systems and shift lengths affect sleep structure on work and free days. Especially working night shifts disrupts the circadian rhythm but also extended working hours (12h) might affect sleep characteristics. Hitherto, the magnitude of sleep debt, social jetlag, and Locomotor Inactivity During Sleep (LIDS) in different shift systems is unknown. Methods Here, we investigated the impact of five different shift rosters on sleep in 129 industrial workers from Germany. Permanent night work with multiple shift systems with and without night shifts and with different shift lengths were compared. Wrist-activity was monitored over 28 days revealing sleep on- and offsets as well as LIDS as proxy for sleep quality. Overall, 3,865 sleep bouts comprising 22,310 hours of sleep were examined. Results The mean daily age-adjusted sleep duration (including naps) was 6:43h and did not differ between shift workers of different rosters. However, sleep duration on workdays was particularly low in rotational shift systems with 12h-shifts (5:00h), while overall sleep debt was highest. Shift workers showed a median absolute social jetlag of 3:03h, which differed considerably between shift types and rosters (p<0.0001). Permanent night workers had the highest social jetlag (5:08h) and latest mid-sleeps on workdays and free days. Sleep quality was reduced in permanent night shift workers compared with shift workers in other rosters and differed between daytime and nighttime sleep. Conclusions Shift work leads to partial sleep deprivation, which particularly affects workers in 12h-shifts and permanent night shifts. Working these shifts resulted in higher sleep debts and larger absolute social jetlag whereas sleep quality was especially reduced in permanent night shift workers compared with shift workers of other rosters.

Etudes comparées des rythmes circadiens et reflet actimétrique du sommeil de sportifs et de sédentaires en poste régulier de nuit

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 831-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Mauvieux ◽  
Laurent Gouthière ◽  
Bruno Sesboüe ◽  
Damien Davenne
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Circadian Variation ◽  
Night Work ◽  
Sedentary Subjects

The aim of this study was to show the resistance and persistence of the circadian rhythm of temperature (T°) and the sleep quality of athletic subjects and sedentary subjects engaged in night work, and attempt to explain the mechanisms that influence these differences. The effects of night work on biological rhythms have been studied extensively in the past few years. The contradictory situations for the night workers irrefutably affect their biological systems. Individuals with high amplitudes in their circadian rhythms have been found to be more tolerant to shift work and this results in a greater stability of circadian rhythms. This seems beneficial in coping with frequent rhythm disturbances. The physical training program seems to improve several mechanisms of the human biological system: amplitudes of circadian rhythms were increased and the circadian rhythm period was more resistant to an environment extreme (night work, shift work, sleep deprivation, or jet lag). To test this hypothesis, athletes and sedentary subjects who were engaged in regular night work were selected in the PSA Peugeot Citroën Automobiles Group in French Normandy country. The circadian rhythm of the T° for both groups was studied with a specific methodology and with extensive spectral analysis, especially the spectral elliptic inverse method. Study models of the rhythm of the T° were determined and the characteristic parameters were exposed. A complementary actigraphic study showed the physical training program's effects on the sleep quality. The results revealed a large stability in the rhythm of circadian variation of T° for the athletes: the amplitude was still large but for the sedentary subjects the amplitude of the T° decreased and it was difficult to adjust a period on the rhythm of T°. The stability and persistent quality of the athletes' circadian rhythm was confirmed. We observed that the actigraphic sleep was greater for athletes than for sedentary subjects, and the acrophase time for the athletes was later than for the sedentary subjects during the night shift. Key words: circadian rhythm of temperature, actimetry, sleep quality, exercise, night work, methodology of rhythms analysis

scholarly journals Disturbances of Autonomic Regulation of Cardiovascular System at Different Working Regimes with Night Shifts

Kardiologiia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Merkulov ◽  
A. A. Pyatkov ◽  
S. G. Gorokhova ◽  
D. M. Merkulova ◽  
O. Yu. Atkov
Keyword(s):  
Shift Work ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Autonomic Regulation ◽  
Total Power ◽  
Orthostatic Test ◽  
Heart Rhythm Variability ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Rotating Shift Work ◽  
Night Shifts

Aim        To study temporal and spectral characteristics of heart rhythm variability (HRV) in night shift workers.Materials and methods       Along with traditional risk factors, conditions of labor contribute to development of cardiovascular morbidity, including night shift work, which can be associated with disorders of the autonomic regulation detected by analysis of HRV. This study included 100 healthy men. 74 of them were engaged in shift work, including 53 men with rotating shift work, 21 men with fixed night shifts, and 26 men with day-time work. HRV was analyzed by data of 5-min electrocardiogram recording (background recording and orthostatic test).Results   Night-shift workers had decreases in total power of regulation (ТР, SDNN) and in the parasympathetic branch (HF, pNN50). Rotating night-shift workers displayed significant decreases in SDNN and pNN50 and pronounced changes in the VLF / LF / HF ratio in the orthostatic test.Conclusion            In work with night shifts, the type of autonomic regulation differs from the “standard” functioning of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). This study showed different effects of night work regimens on HRV indexes. With the rotating shift work, the ANS dysregulation was more profound and was evident by a significant decrease in the ANS total tone and parasympathetic activity (SDNN, pNN50) compared to night shifts with fixed working hours. The excessive weakening of the parasympathetic component in the passive orthostatic test can be considered as an early marker for ANS maladaptation. 

Serotonin variations and sleep disorders among shift workers. A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 074823372110331
Author(s):  
Rehab Shehata Abdelhady Shehata ◽  
Zeinab Ahmed Mohamed Nour ◽  
Amul Mohamed Abdelrahim Badr ◽  
Eman Mahmoud Khalifa
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Serotonin Level ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Blood Serotonin

Sleep disorders are prevalent occupational health problems among shift workers, especially healthcare workers with long shifts. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter related to circadian variations accompanied by shift work. A cross-sectional study was performed on 73 nurses at a tertiary hospital in Cairo, Egypt, to assess sleep quality among shift work nurses (SWNs), to determine blood serotonin level, and its relation to shift work and sleep quality. A demographic and occupational history questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, and measurement of blood serotonin were carried out to the studied group. The data were analyzed using SPSS 25, and descriptive statistics, unpaired t-test, ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis Test, Chi-square, Spearman correlation, and multivariate regression analysis were utilized. The results showed that the mean PSQI global score was significantly higher among SWNs than non-shift work nurses (NSWNs) and was the highest (10.32 ± 3.56 and 10.22 ± 2.4, respectively) among rotatory and fixed night shift nurses. Blood serotonin showed highly significant differences between SWNs over NSWNs ( p = 0.001), and mostly reduced among rotatory and fixed night shift nurses (66.7% and 65%, respectively). Moreover, there were highly significant differences in serotonin levels between poor and good sleep quality nurses ( p < 0.001), and most of the poor sleep quality nurses (62.7%) had low serotonin levels. Abnormal serotonin level (odds = 246.5) and working years (odds = 1.2) were statistically significant predictors of poor sleep quality. In conclusion, SWNs, especially rotating and night shift nurses, suffer from poor sleep quality associated with abnormal levels of blood serotonin.

scholarly journals Rotating night shift work, exposure to light at night, and glomerular filtration rate: baseline results from a Chinese occupational cohort

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengkui Zhang ◽  
Yongbin Wang ◽  
Zhende Wang ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
Chao Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Ambient Light ◽  
Light At Night ◽  
Night Shift Work ◽  
Night Shifts

Abstract Background The misalignment between the circadian clock and behavioral cycles has been implicated in pathogenesis of many diseases. However, whether the kidneys are also more prone to disease in the circumstances of chronic circadian rhythms disruption due to night shift work and light at night (LAN) is unclear. The main purpose of this study is to examine the association between rotating night shift work, exposure to light at night, and glomerular filtration rate among steelworkers in north China. Methods A total of 6869 participants, aged 22 to 60 years, were included in this study. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between night shift work, the brightness of bedroom ambient light at night (LAN), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with adjustment for potential confounders. The relationship between duration of night shift work (continuous), cumulative number of night shifts (continuous), and eGFR were also examined using restricted cubic spline models. Results Long duration of night shift work (≥29 years) had elevated odds of decreased eGFR (OR, 1.39, 95% CI 1.10–1.75) compared with day work after adjustment for potential confounders. Negative associations between duration of night shift work, cumulative number of night shifts, and eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m 2 ) were observed in RCS models. No significant associations were observed among the different brightness of bedroom ambient light levels: middle level (OR, 0.90, 95% CI 0.77–1.05), lightest level (OR, 0.94, 95% CI 0.75–1.17), and decreased eGFR compared with the darkest level. Conclusion The increased duration of night shift work and cumulative number of night shifts among night shift workers, but not the brightness of bedroom ambient LAN, are associated with a slight decline of renal function among steelworkers.

scholarly journals Poor Sleep Quality in Nurses Working or Having Worked Night Shifts: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao Huang ◽  
Chong Tian ◽  
Xian-Tao Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Consecutive Night ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Night Shifts

Night shifts are part of clinical care. It is unclear whether poor sleep quality of nurses working both consecutive night shifts and day shifts after quitting night shifts is common. In this cross-sectional study, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep quality as study outcome. Univariable and multivariable linear and logistic regressions were performed to compare PSQI score and prevalence of poor sleep quality between 512 nurses currently working consecutive night shifts and 174 nurses having worked night shifts in the past. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 62.11% in nurses working consecutive night shifts and 55.75% in nurses having worked night shifts before. In multivariable regressions with adjustment for potential confounders, compared with nurses working consecutive night shifts, nurses having worked past night shifts reported decreased PSQI score [mean difference: −0.82 (95% CI: −1.27 to −0.38, p &lt; 0.001)] and lower poor sleep quality [odds ratio (OR): 0.49 (95% CI: 0.29 to 0.80, p = 0.005)]. In nurses working consecutive night shifts, a rising curve that plateaued at the end was observed between years of consecutive night shifts and PSQI score, p = 0.004. To explore the change in PSQI score after quitting night shift, we constructed a hypothetical prospective cohort from the cross-sectional data. Here, 98 pairs of nurses with consecutive and past night shifts were matched for the number of night shift years, religion, marital status, living condition, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. In each pair, a hypothetical change in PSQI score was calculated between the two types of nurses and hypothetical years after quitting night shifts was obtained from the matched nurse with past night shifts. A U-shaped curve between change in PSQI and years after quitting night shifts was observed, p = 0.007. The rising curve and U-shaped curve together formed an S-shaped curve, which mapped the change in sleep quality. These results based on the hypothetical cohort constructed from cross-sectional data suggested the presence of persistent poor sleep quality in night shift nurses. Also, we support early and continuous sleep hygiene education and reflection for an optimal strategy for when to cease working night shifts with regard to sleep-related problems.

scholarly journals Designing Light for Night Shift Workers: Application of Nonvisual Lighting Design Principles in an Industrial Production Line

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10896
Author(s):  
Johannes Zauner ◽  
Herbert Plischke
Keyword(s):  
Shift Work ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Stimulus Range ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Rotating Shift Work ◽  
Lighting Simulation ◽  
Night Shifts

Chronodisruption deteriorates the health and wellbeing of shift workers. Artificial light at night and the lack of light during the day are major contributors to chronodisruption and need to be optimized in shift work scenarios. Here, we present one solution for a lighting and automation system in an industrial production workplace. The setting is a rapidly rotating shift work environment with morning, evening, and night shifts. We describe a procedure to specify the new lighting through a software-agnostic nonvisual lighting simulation for artificial and daylighting scenarios. Through this process, a new luminaire is created, called Drosa, that allows for a large melanopic stimulus range between 412 and 73 lx melanopic equivalent daylight (D65) illuminance vertically at eye level, while maintaining a neutral white illuminance at task level between 1250 and 900 lx, respectively. This is possible through a combination of glare-free spotlights with adjustable areal wing lights. An individually programmed automation system controls the light dosage and timing during the day and night. The work is relevant for other shift work scenarios, where the presented example and the discussed rationale behind the automation might provide insights. The work is further relevant for other lighting scenarios beyond industrial shift work, as the nonvisual lighting simulation process can be adapted to any context.

scholarly journals Relationship between Night shift work, Eating Habits and BMI among Nurses in Lebanon

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Samhat ◽  
Randa Attieh ◽  
Yonna Sacre
Keyword(s):  
Shift Work ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Cumulative Number ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Night Shift Work ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Night Shifts

Abstract Background: The objective of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the relationships between night shift work, eating habits and body mass index (BMI) among Lebanese nurses. Methods: A total of 307 nurses were randomly selected from five hospitals located in Beirut. Data about demographic and professional characteristics, anthropometric measures, dietary habits and intakes were collected through a validated questionnaire. To study the relationship between night shift work, eating habits and BMI, chi-square test, t-test and logistic regressions were used.Results: The majority of nurses (78. 2%) had irregular meals timing with a significant decrease in the number of complete meals consumed during the day and an increase in the number of snacks consumed during night (p<0. 05). The most consumed snacks during night shifts were sweets and potato chips. The findings highlighted that BMI and waist circumference significantly increased with the number of years of work (r=0.175; p<0.05) and the cumulative number of night shifts hours over the entire work history (r=0.135/p< 0. 05). Conclusion: Night shift work is positively associated with abnormal eating patterns and BMI among Lebanese nurses. However the increase in BMI is not related to eating habits.

scholarly journals Higher Number of Night Shifts Associates with Good Perception of Work Capacity and Optimal Lung Function but Correlates with Increased Oxidative Damage and Telomere Attrition

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Pavanello ◽  
Mariarita Stendardo ◽  
Giuseppe Mastrangelo ◽  
Valeria Casillo ◽  
Marco Nardini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Work Ability ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Oxidative Stress Response ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
Night Shifts

Sleep deprivation and the consequent circadian clock disruption has become an emergent health question being associated with premature aging and earlier chronic diseases onset. Night-shift work leads to circadian clock misalignment, which is linked to several age-related diseases. However, mechanisms of this association are not well understood. Aim of this study is to explore in night-shift workers early indicators of oxidative stress response and biological aging [oxidized/methylated DNA bases and leukocytes telomere length (LTL)] and late indicators of functional aging [lung function measurements (FEV1 and FVC)] in relation to personal evaluation of work capacity, measured by work ability index (WAI). One hundred fifty-five hospital workers were studied within the framework of a cross-sectional study. We collected physiological, pathological, and occupational history including pack-years, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and night shifts, together with blood and urine samples. Relationships were appraised by univariate and multivariate ordered-logistic regression models. We found that workers with good and excellent WAI present higher FEV1 (p< 0.01) and number of night-work shifts (p<0.05), but they reveal higher urinary levels of 8-oxoGua (p<0.01) and shorter LTL (p<0.05). We confirmed that higher work ability was prevalent among chronological younger workers (p<0.05), who have also a significant reduced number of diseases, particularly chronic (p<0.01) and musculoskeletal diseases (p<0.01). The new findings which stem from our work are that subjects with the highest work ability perception may have more demanding and burdensome tasks; they in fact present the highest number of night-shift work and produce unbalanced oxidative stress response that might induce premature aging.

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