scholarly journals BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 SARS-CoV-2 Post-vaccination Side-Effects Among Saudi Vaccinees

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed N. Alghamdi ◽  
Mohammed I. Alotaibi ◽  
Adel S. Alqahtani ◽  
Daifullah Al Aboud ◽  
Ahmed S. Abdel-Moneim
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Infection Age ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Systemic Side Effects ◽  
Deep Vein

Background: Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 is important for reducing hospitalization and mortalities. Both Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) and the Oxford-AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) vaccines are used in Saudi Arabia and in many parts of the world. Post-vaccinal side effects were recorded, so we aimed to screen different complaints after vaccination among vaccinees in Saudi Arabia.Methods: An online questionnaire was designed to screen the local, systemic, and allergic post vaccination reactions for vaccinees who received either one or two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine or one dose of the ChAdOx1 vaccine. The number and percentage were recorded for each response and analyzed using cross-tab and Chi square tests. The degree of the severity of post vaccination reactions were analyzed using Roc curve. The cofactors that may affect the severity of post-vaccinal reactions including previous COVID-19 infection, age, sex, body mass index, and comorbidities were investigated.Results: During our study, 4,170 individuals reported their responses: 2,601 received one dose of BNT162b2, of whom 456 completed the second dose, and 1,569 received a single dose of ChAdOx1. The side effects were reported in 85.6% of BNT162b2 vaccinees and 96.05% of ChAdOx1 vaccinees who voluntarily responded to a survey about post-vaccination side effects. The side effects were more severe in BNT162b2 than ChAdOx1. ChAdOx1 vaccinees reported mild, moderate, severe and critical side effects in 30.13, 28.62, 29.73, and 1.53%, respectively. In contrast, mild side effects were recorded among the majority of BNT162b2 vaccinees (63.92%) while moderate, severe, and critical side effects were 27.67, 7.68, and 0.72%, respectively. Both local and systemic side effects were recorded more frequently in ChAdOx1 in comparison to BNT162b2 vaccinees. Palpitation was among the new systemic side effects reported in the current study in high frequency. Abnormal menstrual cycle (delaying/increase hemorrhages or pain) was also reported in 0.98% (18/1846) of Pfizer-BioNTech and 0.68% (7/1028) of ChAdOx1 vaccinees, while deep vein thrombosis was only reported in a single case vaccinated with BNT162b2 vaccine.Conclusion: Both vaccines induced post-vaccinal side effects; however, ChAdOx1 induces a higher frequency of post-vaccinal systemic side effects than BNT162b2.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Side Effects Associated with COVID-19 Vaccines in Saudi Arabia

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 674
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Alhazmi ◽  
Edrous Alamer ◽  
Dalia Daws ◽  
Mashael Hakami ◽  
Majid Darraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Pfizer-BioNTech and Oxford-AstraZeneca are recently introduced vaccines to combat COVID-19 pandemic. During clinical trials, mild to moderate side effects have been associated with these vaccines. Thus, we aimed to evaluate short-term post-vaccination side effects. Methods: Cross-sectional, retrospective study using an online questionnaire was conducted among COVID-19 vaccines recipients in Saudi Arabia. General and demographic data were collected, and vaccine-associated side effects after receiving at least one dose of each vaccine were evaluated. Results: Our final sample consisted of 515 participants with a median age of 26 years. Most of the study participants were female (57%). Nearly 13% of the study subjects have reported previous infections with SARS-CoV-2. Oxford-AstraZeneca and Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines have been received by 75% and 25% of the study participants, respectively. Side effects associated with COVID-19 vaccines have been reported by 60% of the study subjects, and most of them reported fatigue (90%), pain at the site of the injections (85%). Conclusion: Side effects that are reported post Oxford-AstraZeneca and Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines among our study participants are not different from those that were reported in the clinical trials, indicating safe profiles for both vaccines. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of the current vaccines in protection against SARS-CoV-2 reinfections.

scholarly journals Assessment of Saudi Parents’ Beliefs and Behaviors towards Management of Child Fever in Saudi Arabia—A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5217
Author(s):  
Mohamed N. Al Arifi ◽  
Abdulrahman Alwhaibi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Febrile Seizures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Electronic Thermometer ◽  
And Behavior

Objective: Fever alone can lead to rare serious complications in children, such as febrile seizures. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, beliefs, and behavior of parents toward fever and its management. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire was applied over a period of 3 months, from January to March 2018, to parents who were living in Saudi Arabia. The inclusion criteria were a parent who is a resident of Saudi Arabia, with at least one child aged 6 years or less, while incomplete questionnaires, having a child aged more than 6 years, or parents who were not living in Saudi Arabia were excluded. Results: A total of 656 parents completed the questionnaire. More than two-thirds of the subjects were female, the majority of whom were aged between 25–33 years old. The best-reported place to measure the temperature of children was the armpit (46%), followed by the ear (28%) and the mouth (10.7%). More than half of the parents considered their children feverish at a temperature of 38 °C. The majority of parents (79.7%) reported that the most serious side effects of fever were seizure, brain damage (39.3%), coma (29.9%), dehydration (29.7%), and death (25%). The most common method used to measure a child’s temperature was an electronic thermometer (62.3%). The most common antipyretic was paracetamol (84.5%). Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the good knowledge of parents in identifying a feverish temperature using the recommended route and tools for measuring body temperature.

scholarly journals Combination oral contraceptives – a practice-guided overview of everyday problems and their solutions

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-32
Author(s):  
DW Wolmarans ◽  
L Brand ◽  
SF Steyn
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Treatment Withdrawal ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Withdrawal Of Therapy ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Everyday Problems

Combination oral contraceptives (COCs) are some of the most commonly prescribed drugs for women between the ages of 15–451 and while they are accepted to be safe and highly effective, their use is often associated with a number of minor sideeffects. Considering the limited nature of this review, a detailed overview of the complete clinical profile of COCs falls beyond the current scope. Rather, we will focus on the most frequently reported side-effects of COCs that do not necessitate treatment withdrawal. Adverse effects that require immediate withdrawal of therapy are usually related to deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other cardiovascular events, malignancies or hepatic pathology2 and would require a more in-depth review.

The Role of Stanozolol in the Treatment of the Postphlebitic Syndrome

1981 ◽  
Vol 26 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S81-S83 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Jarrett
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Postphlebitic Syndrome ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Blind Crossover Study ◽  
Double Blind Crossover Study

The postphlebitic syndrome is a result of previous deep vein thrombosis and presents with oedema, pain, induration, pigmentation and ulceration. Extravascular deposition of fibrin is associated with reduced fibrinolytic activity in these patients. In a double-blind crossover study there was evidence of benefit from stanozolol which enhanced fibrinolytic activity. No side effects of any consequence were noted with a dosage of 5 mg twice per day.

scholarly journals Does ‘heparin-induced thrombocytopenia’ hit our minds?

2016 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 245-248
Author(s):  
Arun Thangavel ◽  
Shalvi Mahajan ◽  
Amarjyoti Hazarika
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Pulmonary Emboli ◽  
Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Prophylactic Dose ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Newer Anticoagulants ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Heparin Prophylaxis

AbstractUnfractionated heparin is a widely used drug to prevent deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary emboli in patients at risk. With the advent of newer anticoagulants having lesser side effects, its use has diminished but not out of service. Here, we report a case of deep venous thrombosis, in a patient on prophylactic dose of heparin, which was later found to be a manifestation of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). Thrombosis in the presence of heparin prophylaxis should be considered as HIT rather than a failure of anticoagulation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of adverse effects with COVID-19 vaccination in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr Sana Abbas ◽  
Beenish Abbas ◽  
Sidra Amir ◽  
Mehreen Wajahat
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disturbance ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Categorical Groups

Objectives: Vaccinations work with different mechanisms to offer protection against disease; however, process of immunity building can cause symptoms. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the immediate side effects of COVID–19 vaccination in the Pakistani Population. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at Foundation University College of Dentistry, Islamabad from February to April 2021. 0.5 mL per dose of the Covid-19 vaccine was administered to the candidates. These 205 candidates receiving vaccination were then interviewed investigating the adverse effects of the vaccine. Post-vaccination side effects were compared among categorical groups using the Chi-Square test, whereas post-vaccination side effects were compared with age using independent samples T-test. A p-value of ≤0.05 was statistically significant. Results: Among post-vaccination side effects, fever was reported by 69 participants, while 56 of 205 reported soreness, redness, and swelling at the injection site. It was reported by 42/205 participants to have felt chills and rigor, whereas gastrointestinal disturbance and flu-like symptoms were reported in 55/205 and 28/205 participants, respectively. Younger participants were more likely to develop gastrointestinal disturbance and flu-like symptoms following vaccination as compared to older participants. Conclusion: Malaise, headache, and fever were observed to be the most common side effects of the vaccine, moreover there was a linear relationship between manifestations of adverse effects and history of comorbidities. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.4522 How to cite this:Abbas S, Abbas B, Amir S, Wajahat M. Evaluation of adverse effects with COVID-19 vaccination in Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(7):---------.   doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.4522 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Association between Stroke and Hypertension and Deep Vein Thrombosis in Northern Saudi Arabia : Community-Based Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1062-1065
Author(s):  
Ahmad Soud Alzayed ◽  
Hussain Gadelkarim Ahmed ◽  
Faisal Soud Alzayed
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Vein

Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.W. Salzman
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Preventive Methods

Prospective clinical trials have shown that reduction in frequency of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) can be achieved by physical preventive methods or by administration of antithrombotic drugs. There is however confusion concerning the best form of prophylaxis for different patient groups, difficulty in translating results of clinical trials directly into practice, and ignorance of the dollar cost of the various regimes. Critical analysis of the literature permits prediction of expected frequencies of fatal PE and of DVT and complications of therapy, but questions remain. The prevalence of silent PE in different populations is not established. Definition of a high risk group is imprecise, so patients at lesser risk are exposed to the side effects of antithrombotic prophylaxis with little to gain. Since the natural history of DVT is poorly understood, side effects of anticoagulant therapy are also inflicted on many with little likelihood of PE for the benefit of a few susceptible patients. Apparent differences in rate of occurrance of DVT on the two sides of the Atlantic are suggested but unproven and not explained.Despite these uncertainties, determination of cost/effectiveness of preventive programs is possible and can provide a workable guide to clinical practice.

Urokinase Treatment In Acute And Subacute Deep Vein Thrombosis

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Trübestein ◽  
Th Brecht ◽  
M Ludwig ◽  
G Brecht ◽  
F Etzel
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Initial Dose ◽  
Fibrinolytic Therapy ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Medium Dose

So far 74 patients with acute and subacute Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) were treated with a standardized Urokinase (UK) heparin scheme. From these patients 19 patients had a 1-6 day and 55 patients a 1-6 week old thrombosis of the iliac, femoral, popliteal or subclavian veins. The initial dose of the UK regimen was mostly 250.000 IU UK/10 min; the maintenance dose was 1.000.000 IU UK/24h in 40 patients, 1.500.000 IU UK/24h in 12 patients and 2.000.000 IU UK/24h in 22 patients. Heparin was given from the very beginning, starting with a dose of 1.000 IU/h. In the further course of therapy heparin was adjusted so that the thrombin time was 2 to 4 times of the normal. The duration of fibrinolytic therapy was mostly between 3 and 6 days in acute and between 7 and 14 days in subacute DVT. Severe side effects were seen in 2 patients, who had a strong bleeding. One patient died of pulmonary embolism.Results: The 1-6 day old thromboses of the 19 patients could be dissolved completely in 7 patients (37%) and partially in 4 patients (21%); no amelioration in the phlebo- grams was found in 8 patients (42%). The 1-6 week old thromboses of the 55 patients could be dissolved completely in 9 patients (16%) and partially in 30 patients (55%); no amelioration in the phlebograms was found in 16 patients (29%).Conclusion: The standardized UK-heparin scheme with a medium dose 80.000 IU UK/h used by us proved to be effective in most patients with DVT.

Incidence and clinical significance of iliac vein compression

Vascular ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Nazzal ◽  
M El-Fedaly ◽  
V Kazan ◽  
W Qu ◽  
AW Renno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Iliac Vein ◽  
Adjacent Segment ◽  
Common Iliac Vein ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Deep Vein

Objectives To determine the frequency of left common iliac vein (CIV) compression by the right common iliac artery (CIA) based on CT scan images. Methods CT scan images were reviewed and the diameter of CIV was measured at the area of minimal diameter and compared to the distal adjacent segment and the contralateral CIV at the same level. Medical records were reviewed for symptoms, deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and risk factors that might be associated with DVT. Data were analyzed with SPSS program using both Chi square and t test. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Linear regression (R2) was used to evaluate correlation. Results A total of 300 complete records were reviewed. The mean age was 51.89 years, with 126 (42%) males. Comparison between the two groups (>70% vs <70%) showed similar clinical factors such as history of DVT, surgery, immobilization, malignancy, limb trauma, pregnancy, obesity, CHF, and smoking. There were more females with CIV compression of 70% or more than males (19.5% vs 11.1% P < .049). Conclusion Diameter stenosis more than 70% was present in 30.6% of cases with higher incidence in females. The presence of stenosis was not associated with the presence of clinical symptoms.

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