scholarly journals In vitro Selection of Probiotics for Microbiota Modulation in Normal-Weight and Severely Obese Individuals: Focus on Gas Production and Interaction With Intestinal Epithelial Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Maria Nogacka ◽  
Clara G. de los Reyes-Gavilán ◽  
Silvia Arboleya ◽  
Patricia Ruas-Madiedo ◽  
Ceferino Martínez-Faedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Severely Obese ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Selection Of

The intestinal microbiota plays important roles in the maintenance of health. Strategies aiming at its modulation, such as probiotics, have received a deal of attention. Several strains have been studied in different in vitro models; however, the correlation of results obtained with the in vivo data has been limited. This questions the usefulness of such in vitro selection models, traditionally relying on over-simplified tests, not considering the influence of the accompanying microbiota or focusing on microbiota composition without considering functional traits. Here we assess the potential of six Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Lacticaseibacillus strains in an in vitro model to determine their impact on the microbiota not just in terms of composition but also of functionality. Moreover, we compared the responses obtained in two different population groups: normal-weight and severely obese subjects. Fecal cultures were conducted to evaluate the impact of the strains on specific intestinal microbial groups, on the production of short-chain fatty acids, and on two functional responses: the production of gas and the interaction with human intestinal epithelial cells. The response to the different probiotics differed between both human groups. The addition of the probiotic strains did not induce major changes on the microbiota composition, with significant increases detected almost exclusively for the species added. Higher levels of gas production were observed in cultures from normal-weight subjects than in the obese population, with some strains being able to significantly reduce gas production in the latter group. Moreover, in obese subjects all the Bifidobacterium strains tested and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG were able to modify the response of the intestinal cells, restoring values similar to those obtained with the microbiotas of normal-weight subjects. Our results underline the need for the screening and selection of probiotics in a target-population specific manner by using appropriate in vitro models before enrolling in clinical intervention trials.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Lactoferrin against SARS-CoV-2 Infection In Vitro

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Salaris ◽  
Melania Scarpa ◽  
Marina Elli ◽  
Alice Bertolini ◽  
Simone Guglielmetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Immune Response Gene ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Antiviral Immune Response ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

SARS-CoV-2 is a newly emerging virus that currently lacks curative treatments. Lactoferrin (LF) is a naturally occurring non-toxic glycoprotein with broad-spectrum antiviral, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we assessed the potential of LF in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. Antiviral immune response gene expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR in uninfected Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells treated with LF. An infection assay for SARS-CoV-2 was performed in Caco-2 cells treated or not with LF. SARS-CoV-2 titer was determined by qRT-PCR, plaque assay and immunostaining. Inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine production was determined by qRT-PCR. LF significantly induced the expression of IFNA1, IFNB1, TLR3, TLR7, IRF3, IRF7 and MAVS genes. Furthermore, LF partially inhibited SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. Our in vitro data support LF as an immune modulator of the antiviral immune response with moderate effects against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The effect of berberine in vitro on tight junctions in human Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells

Fitoterapia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Gu ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
Qiurong Li ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Chengyang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial

scholarly journals A σ28-Regulated Nonflagella Gene Contributes to Virulence of Campylobacter jejuni 81-176

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 769-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scarlett Goon ◽  
Cheryl P. Ewing ◽  
Maria Lorenzo ◽  
Dawn Pattarini ◽  
Gary Majam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Model Expression

ABSTRACT A Campylobacter jejuni 81-176 mutant in Cj0977 was fully motile but reduced >3 logs compared to the parent in invasion of intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. The mutant was also attenuated in a ferret diarrheal disease model. Expression of Cj0977 protein was dependent on a minimal flagella structure.

Proteomic response of inflammatory stimulated intestinal epithelial cells to in vitro digested plums and cabbages rich in carotenoids and polyphenols

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 4388-4399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anouk Kaulmann ◽  
Sébastien Planchon ◽  
Jenny Renaut ◽  
Yves-Jacques Schneider ◽  
Lucien Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Proteomic Response

Proteomic response of intestinal cells as a model of inflammatory bowel diseases to digested plum and cabbage rich in polyphenols and carotenoids.

Progastrin1–80stimulates growth of intestinal epithelial cells in vitro via high-affinity binding sites

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (2) ◽  
pp. G328-G339 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Singh ◽  
X. Lu ◽  
S. Cobb ◽  
B. T. Miller ◽  
N. Tarasova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Growth Effects ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Significant Difference

Proliferation and carcinogenesis of the large intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) cells is significantly increased in transgenic mice that overexpress the precursor progastrin (PG) peptide. It is not known if the in vivo growth effects of PG on IEC cells are mediated directly or indirectly. Full-length recombinant human PG (rhPG1–80) was generated to examine possible direct effects of PG on IEC cells. Surprisingly, rhPG (0.1–1.0 nM) was more effective than the completely processed gastrin 17 (G17) peptide as a growth factor. Even though IEC cells did not express CCK1and CCK2receptors (-R), fluorescently labeled G17 and Gly-extended G17 (G-Gly) were specifically bound to the cells, suggesting the presence of binding proteins other than CCK1-R and CCK2-R on IEC cells. High-affinity ( Kd= 0.5–1.0 nM) binding sites for125I-rhPG were discovered on IEC cells that demonstrated relative binding affinity for gastrin-like peptides in the order PG ≥ COOH-terminally extended G17 ≥ G-Gly > G17 > *CCK-8 (* significant difference; P< 0.05). In conclusion, our studies demonstrate for the first time direct growth effects of the full-length precursor peptide on IEC cells in vitro that are apparently mediated by the high-affinity PG binding sites that were discovered on these cells.

A thermal injury-induced circulating factor(s) compromises intestinal cell morphology, proliferation, and migration

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (1) ◽  
pp. G175-G182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Varedi ◽  
George H. Greeley ◽  
David N. Herndon ◽  
Ella W. Englander
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Thermal Injury ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Cell ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Mucosal Morphology ◽  
And Migration

The effects of a 60% body surface area thermal injury in rats on the morphology and proliferation of the epithelium of the small intestine and the in vitro effects of serum collected from scalded rats on intestinal epithelial cells were investigated. Scald injury caused significant reductions in duodenal villus width and crypt dimensions, villus enterocytes changed in shape from columnar to cuboidal, and the number of goblet cells decreased. The proportion of bromodeoxyuridine-labeled S phase cells in crypts was also diminished. In vitro, incubation of intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6) with scalded rat serum (SRS) collected at either 12 or 24 h after injury caused a disruption in the integrity of the confluent culture and induced the appearance of large denuded areas. SRS also decreased DNA synthesis and delayed wound closure in an in vitro wound-healing model. The thermal injury-induced changes in intestinal mucosal morphology and epithelial cell growth characteristics described in this study may underlie, in part, the mechanism(s) involved in the diminished absorption of nutrients, increased intestinal permeability, and sepsis in patients with thermal injury.

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