Dietary Supplementation With Creatine Pyruvate Alters Rumen Microbiota Protein Function in Heat-Stressed Beef Cattle

Creatine pyruvate (CrPyr) is a new multifunctional nutrient that can provide both pyruvate and creatine. It has been shown to relieve the heat stress of beef cattle by improving antioxidant activity and rumen microbial protein synthesis, but the mechanism of CrPyr influencing rumen fermentation remains unclear. This study aimed to combine 16S rDNA sequencing and metaproteomics technologies to investigate the microbial composition and function in rumen fluid samples taken from heat-stressed beef cattle treated with or without 60 g/day CrPyr. 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that there were no significant differences in the α-diversity indices between the two groups. By analyzing the level profiles of 700 distinct proteins, we found that the CrPyr administration increased the expression of enzymes involved in specific metabolic pathways including (i) fatty acid β-oxidation; (ii) interconversion from pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate, oxaloacetate, acetyl-CoA, and malate; (iii) glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and citrate cycle metabolism; and (iv) biosynthesis of amino acids. These results indicated that the increased generation of adenosine triphosphate during fatty acid β-oxidation or citrate cycle and the up-regulation synthesis of microbial protein in rumen of beef cattle treated with CrPyr may help decrease oxidative stress, regulate energy metabolism, and further improve the rumen fermentation characteristic under heat stress.

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Dietary Supplementation With Creatine Pyruvate Alter Rumen Microbiota Protein Function in Heat-Stressed Beef Cattle

10.21203/rs.3.rs-104570/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yanjiao Li ◽

Xianghui Zhao ◽

Lin Liu ◽

Kang Mao ◽

Mingren Qu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Beef Cattle ◽

16S Rdna ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

16S Rdna Sequencing ◽

Microbial Protein ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Citrate Cycle ◽

Rdna Sequencing

Abstract Background: Creatine pyruvate (CrPyr) is a new multifunctional nutrient that can provide both pyruvate and creatine. It has been shown to relieve the heat stress of beef cattle by improving antioxidant activity and rumen microbial protein synthesis, but the mechanism of CrPyr influencing rumen fermentation remains unclear. This study aimed to combine 16S rDNA sequencing and metaproteomics technologies to investigate the microbial composition and function in rumen fluid samples taken from heat-stressed beef cattle treated with or without 60 g/d CrPyr. Results: 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that there was no significant differences in the α-diversity indices between the two groups. By analyzing the expression profiles of 700 distinct proteins, we found that CrPyr administration increased the fatty acid β-oxidation, promoted the interconversion from pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate, acetyl-CoA and malate, up-regulated gluconeogenesis and citrate cycle metabolism, and promoted the biosynthesis of amino acids. Conclusions: The increased generation of ATP during fatty acid β-oxidation or citrate cycle and the up-regulation synthesis of microbial protein in rumen of beef cattle treated with CrPyr, may help decreased oxidative stress, regulate energy metabolism, and further improve the rumen fermentation characteristic under heat stress.

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Potency of Bacillus cereus WPL 415 to Increase Crude Protein and Decrease Crude Fiber of Animal Feed Stuff

KnE Life Sciences ◽

10.18502/kls.v3i6.1185 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (6) ◽

pp. 579

Author(s):

Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari ◽

Adriana Monica Sahidu ◽

Tri Nurhajati ◽

Koesnoto Soepranianondo ◽

Andreas Berny Yulianto

Keyword(s):

Beef Cattle ◽

Bacillus Cereus ◽

16S Rdna ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Probiotic Bacterium ◽

Crude Fiber ◽

16S Rdna Sequencing ◽

Second Stage ◽

Rdna Sequencing

This research aims to identify isolate as a probiotic candidate derived from liquor rumen of local beef cattle and to know the ability of isolates as biofermentor on basal feed to the changes in the nutrient value. The selected samples were obtained from a slaughterhouse in Surabaya. This study consisted of two stages. The first stage was the identification of bacteria through the test of morphology, Gram staining, biochemical, resistance to acidity and 16S rDNA sequencing. The second stage was a test of the ability of the isolates on the nutrient of basal feeds by fermentation for three days in an aerobic condition. Based on the findings of the first phase, it has been identified that probiotic bacterium rods, motility positive, Gram-negative, have viability at pH 2 and pH 3 for 90 minutes and 24 hours and have the ability to ferment lactose, sucrose, galactose, ribose, cellobiose and xylose. Furthermore, based on test results of 16S rDNA sequencing, the probiotic bacterium was identified as Bacillus cereus WPL 415. Based on the research results at the second stage, Bacillus cereus WPL 415 at doses of 0.25% and 0.5% could improve the nutrient content of the basal feed. The results of the proximate analysis revealed that there was an increase in crude protein content of 6.78% until 8.12% compared to the control and was able to lower the crude fiber content of 15.19% and 17.40% compared to the control. Based on these results it can be concluded that Bacillus cereus WPL 415 from local beef cattle can be used as a probiotic candidates to improve the quality of animal feed. Keywords: Bacillus cereus, probiotic, crude protein, crude fiber

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Coupling 16S rDNA Sequencing and Untargeted Mass Spectrometry for Milk Microbial Composition and Metabolites from Dairy Cows with Clinical and Subclinical Mastitis

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ◽

10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03738 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 68 (31) ◽

pp. 8496-8508

Author(s):

Yue Wang ◽

Xuemei Nan ◽

Yiguang Zhao ◽

Hui Wang ◽

Mengling Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

16S Rdna ◽

Subclinical Mastitis ◽

16S Rdna Sequencing ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Rdna Sequencing

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Campylobacter jejuni promotes colorectal tumorigenesis through the action of cytolethal distending toxin

Gut ◽

10.1136/gutjnl-2018-317200 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 68 (2) ◽

pp. 289-300 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Zhen He ◽

Raad Z Gharaibeh ◽

Rachel C Newsome ◽

Jllian L Pope ◽

Michael W Dougherty ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

16S Rdna ◽

Clinical Isolate ◽

Campylobacter Jejuni ◽

Intestinal Inflammation ◽

Cytolethal Distending Toxin ◽

16S Rdna Sequencing ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Rdna Sequencing ◽

The Impact

ObjectiveCampylobacter jejuni produces a genotoxin, cytolethal distending toxin (CDT), which has DNAse activity and causes DNA double-strand breaks. Although C. jejuni infection has been shown to promote intestinal inflammation, the impact of this bacterium on carcinogenesis has never been examined.DesignGerm-free (GF) ApcMin/+mice, fed with 1% dextran sulfate sodium, were used to test tumorigenesis potential of CDT-producing C. jejuni. Cells and enteroids were exposed to bacterial lysates to determine DNA damage capacity via γH2AX immunofluorescence, comet assay and cell cycle assay. To examine the interplay of CDT-producing C. jejuni, gut microbiome and host in tumorigenesis, colonic RNA-sequencing and faecal 16S rDNA sequencing were performed. Rapamycin was administrated to investigate the prevention of CDT-producing C. jejuni-induced tumorigenesis.ResultsGF ApcMin/+mice colonised with human clinical isolate C. jejuni81–176 developed significantly more and larger tumours when compared with uninfected mice. C. jejuni with a mutated cdtB subunit, mutcdtB, attenuated C. jejuni-induced tumorigenesis in vivo and decreased DNA damage response in cells and enteroids. C. jejuni infection induced expression of hundreds of colonic genes, with 22 genes dependent on the presence of cdtB. The C. jejuni-infected group had a significantly different microbial gene expression profile compared with the mutcdtB group as shown by metatranscriptomic data, and different microbial communities as measured by 16S rDNA sequencing. Finally, rapamycin could diminish the tumorigenic capability of C. jejuni.ConclusionHuman clinical isolate C. jejuni 81–176 promotes colorectal cancer and induces changes in microbial composition and transcriptomic responses, a process dependent on CDT production.

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Metabolite fingerprinting of novel Streptomyces UK-238 from the Himalayan forest

Current Pharmaceutical Analysis ◽

10.2174/1573412916666200206160836 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Nidhi Srivastava ◽

Indira P. Sarethy

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

16S Rdna ◽

Retention Index ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Similarity Index ◽

Antimicrobial Drug ◽

16S Rdna Sequencing ◽

Metabolite Fingerprinting ◽

Streptomyces Sp ◽

Rdna Sequencing

Aims: Characterization of antimicrobial metabolites of novel Streptomyces sp. UK-238. Background: Novel antimicrobial drug discovery is urgently needed due to emerging multi antimicrobial drug resistance among pathogens. Since many years, natural products have provided the basic skeletons for many therapeutic compounds including antibiotics. Bioprospection of un/under explored habitats and focussing on selective isolation of actinobacteria as major reservoir of bio and chemodiversity has yielded good results. Objective: The main objectives of the study were the identification of UK-238 by 16S rDNA sequencing and antimicrobial metabolite fingerprinting of culture extracts. Method: In the present study, a promising isolate, UK-238, has been screened for antimicrobial activity and metabolite fingerprinting from the Himalayan Thano Reserve forest. It was identified by 16S rDNA sequencing. Ethyl acetate extract was partially purified by column chromatography. The pooled active fractions were fingerprinted by GC-MS and compounds were tentatively identified by collated data analysis based on Similarity Index, observed Retention Index from Databases and calculated Retention Index. Results: UK-238 was identified as Streptomyces sp. with 98.4% similarity to S. niveiscabiei. It exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal activity. GC-MS analysis of active fractions of ethyl acetate extract showed the presence of eighteen novel antimicrobial compounds belonging to four major categories- alcohols, alkaloid, esters and peptide. Conclusion: The study confirms that bioprospection of underexplored habitats can elaborate novel bio and chemodiversity.

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2-Way k-Means as a Model for Microbiome Samples

Journal of Healthcare Engineering ◽

10.1155/2017/5284145 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Weston J. Jackson ◽

Ipsita Agarwal ◽

Itsik Pe’er

Keyword(s):

Unsupervised Learning ◽

16S Rdna ◽

Mixture Model ◽

Vaginal Microbiome ◽

16S Rdna Sequencing ◽

Sequencing Data ◽

Cluster Assignment ◽

Rdna Sequencing

Motivation. Microbiome sequencing allows defining clusters of samples with shared composition. However, this paradigm poorly accounts for samples whose composition is a mixture of cluster-characterizing ones and which therefore lie in between them in the cluster space. This paper addresses unsupervised learning of 2-way clusters. It defines a mixture model that allows 2-way cluster assignment and describes a variant of generalized k-means for learning such a model. We demonstrate applicability to microbial 16S rDNA sequencing data from the Human Vaginal Microbiome Project.

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Evaluation of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and MALDI BioTyper in comparison to 16S rDNA sequencing for the identification of bacteria isolated from Arctic sea water

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0181860 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. e0181860 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Anna Maria Timperio ◽

Susanna Gorrasi ◽

Lello Zolla ◽

Massimiliano Fenice

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

16S Rdna ◽

Sea Water ◽

16S Rdna Sequencing ◽

Maldi Tof Mass Spectrometry ◽

Maldi Tof ◽

Rdna Sequencing ◽

Arctic Sea ◽

Maldi Biotyper ◽

Identification Of Bacteria

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Analysis of the bacterial floral structure and diversity of Xuanwei ham by 16S rDNA sequencing

Journal of Food Safety ◽

10.1111/jfs.12800 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Luying Shan ◽

Yinjiao Li ◽

Shi Zheng ◽

Yuanmiao Wei ◽

Ying Shang

Keyword(s):

16S Rdna ◽

16S Rdna Sequencing ◽

Floral Structure ◽

Rdna Sequencing

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ISOLATION, PURIFICATION, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LIPASE FROM BACILLUS SP. FROM KITCHEN GREASE

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i6.24955 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 224

Author(s):

Jaiganesh R ◽

Jaganathan Mk

Keyword(s):

16S Rdna ◽

Solvent Tolerance ◽

16S Rdna Sequencing ◽

Bacillus Sp ◽

Purification And Characterization ◽

Lipase Enzyme ◽

Sequencing Method ◽

Rdna Sequencing ◽

Solvent Tolerant

Objective: The objective of this work was to isolation, purification and characterization of solvent tolerant lipase from Bacillus sp. The objective of this work was to isolation, purification and characterization of solvent tolerant lipase from Bacillus sp. from kitchen grease for a variety of applications including organic synthetic reactions and preparation of enantiomerically pure pharmaceuticals.Methods: Lipase producing isolates were screened from kitchen grease on a selective medium rhodamine B olive oil agar, and tributyrin agar was used to screen the lipase and esterase producing an organism, respectively. The isolate identified using 16S rDNA sequencing method and enzyme activity was quantitatively assayed. Lipase production was characterized in different conditions.Results: The isolate showed highest lipase activity was which later was identified as Bacillus sp. using 16S rDNA sequencing method. The lipase was purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation. The isolate showed excellent tolerance to methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, and moderate tolerance to butanol. The increased biomass concentration, maximum production, and activity were achieved at 37°C in 24 h incubation, then gradual reduction in production was observed. The maximum activity of lipase enzyme was obtained at pH between 6 and 9.Conclusion: The isolate produce solvent tolerance lipase enzyme and it can be a promising candidate of solvent tolerance lipase enzyme for variety of industrial applications.

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