scholarly journals Antimicrobial Use and Susceptibility of Indicator Escherichia coli in Finnish Integrated Pork Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virpi Sali ◽  
Suvi Nykäsenoja ◽  
Annamari Heikinheimo ◽  
Outi Hälli ◽  
Taneli Tirkkonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Pork Production ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances ◽  
Oral Group ◽  
Suckling Piglets

In pigs, antimicrobial use (AMU) practices vary at different production phases between herds and between countries. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) development is linked to AMU but recognized as a multi-factorial issue, and thus, any information increasing knowledge of AMU and AMR relationships is valuable. We described AMU and screened the carriage of different AMR phenotypes of indicator Escherichia coli in 25 selected Finnish piglet-producing and finishing herds that formed nine birth-to-slaughter production lines. Moreover, we studied associations between AMU and AMR in both herd types and throughout the production line. Treatment records were obtained from the national Sikava register for 1year, and AMU was quantified as mg/PCU (population correction unit) and TIs (treatment incidences). For phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing, ten pen-level pooled feces samples (n=250) in each herd were collected from one room representing the oldest weaned piglets or the oldest finishing pigs. Majority of the medications (96.8%) was administered parenterally, and penicillin was the predominant antimicrobial in every herd. More different antimicrobial substances were used in piglet-producing than in finishing herds (median 5 and 1, respectively, p<0.001). As mg/PCU, sows had the highest AMU and suckling piglets had the highest TIs, whereas finishing pigs were the least treated age group. The proportion of susceptible indicator E. coli isolates of all studied isolates was 59.6%. Resistance was found most commonly against tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, and ampicillin, and multi-resistant (MR) isolates (46.5% of all resistant isolates) were resistant to a maximum of four different antimicrobials. Quinolone resistance was rare, and no resistance against 3rd-generation cephalosporins, meropenem, azithromycin, colistin, gentamicin, or tigecycline was detected. The main associations between AMU and AMR were found at antimicrobial group level when use was compared with the presence of AMR phenotypes. The proportion of resistant isolates was not associated with AMU, and herd size was not associated with either AMU or AMR. We suggest that the use of narrow-spectrum beta-lactams as a primary treatment option and lack of wide application of oral group medications potentially favors a good resistance pattern in integrated pork production.

scholarly journals Welfare Health and Productivity in Commercial Pig Herds

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1176
Author(s):  
Przemysław Racewicz ◽  
Agnieszka Ludwiczak ◽  
Ewa Skrzypczak ◽  
Joanna Składanowska-Baryza ◽  
Hanna Biesiada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Warning Systems ◽  
Herd Management ◽  
Pork Production ◽  
Antimicrobial Substances ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Frequency Identification

In recent years, there have been very dynamic changes in both pork production and pig breeding technology around the world. The general trend of increasing the efficiency of pig production, with reduced employment, requires optimisation and a comprehensive approach to herd management. One of the most important elements on the way to achieving this goal is to maintain animal welfare and health. The health of the pigs on the farm is also a key aspect in production economics. The need to maintain a high health status of pig herds by eliminating the frequency of different disease units and reducing the need for antimicrobial substances is part of a broadly understood high potential herd management strategy. Thanks to the use of sensors (cameras, microphones, accelerometers, or radio-frequency identification transponders), the images, sounds, movements, and vital signs of animals are combined through algorithms and analysed for non-invasive monitoring of animals, which allows for early detection of diseases, improves their welfare, and increases the productivity of breeding. Automated, innovative early warning systems based on continuous monitoring of specific physiological (e.g., body temperature) and behavioural parameters can provide an alternative to direct diagnosis and visual assessment by the veterinarian or the herd keeper.

scholarly journals Investigation of Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern Among Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Patients Referred to Amir Al-Momenin Hospital, Gerash, Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliyar Pirouzi ◽  
Hossain Foruozandeh ◽  
Abbas Farahani ◽  
Jebreil Shamseddin ◽  
Hamideh Mohseni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Pattern

scholarly journals Multidrug resistance in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) isolated from broiler chickens at slaughter

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 3813-3824
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Pacheco Ornellas ◽  
◽  
Hugo Peralva Lopes ◽  
Daniela de Queiroz Baptista ◽  
Thomas Salles Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Systemic Complications

Broiler chickens and derived products are a key source of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in humans. This pathotype is responsible for causing severe episodes of diarrhea, which can progress to systemic complications. A rapid and accurate diagnosis of the disease, and early treatment of the infection with antimicrobials, can prevent it worsening. However, multidrug-resistant strains have potentially negative implications for treatment success. In this context, the aim of the present study was to isolate and identify multidrug-resistant STEC strains from broiler chickens and carcasses. Of 171 E. coli strains, isolated by conventional microbiological techniques and submitted to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), for detection of stx1 and stx2 genes, 21.05% (36/171) were STEC pathotype, and most of them (66.67% - 24/36) carried both stx1 and eae genes. The multidrug resistance pattern was observed in 75% (27/36) of STEC strains. The presence of STEC in broiler chickens and carcasses reinforces that these sources may act as reservoirs for this pathotype. Multidrug-resistant bacteria contaminating animal products represent a public health issue because of the possibility of spread of multidrug-resistant determinants in the food chain and a higher risk of failure in human treatment when antimicrobials are needed.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance pattern of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from fecal samples of piglets and pig farm workers of selected organized farms of India

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 360-363
Author(s):  
Shikha Tamta ◽  
Obli Rajendran Vinodh Kumar ◽  
Shiv Varan Singh ◽  
Bommenahalli Siddaramiah Pruthvishree ◽  
Ravichandran Karthikeyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing ◽  
M Gene ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pig Farm

Background and Aim: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli are gradually increasing worldwide and carry a serious public threat. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern of ESBL-producing E. coli isolated from fecal samples of piglets and pig farm workers. Materials and Methods: Fecal samples from <3-month-old piglets (n=156) and farm workers (n=21) were processed for the isolation of ESBL-producing E. coli in MacConkey agar added with 1 μg/mL of cefotaxime. E. coli (piglets=124; farm workers=21) were tested for ESBL production by combined disk method and ESBL E-strip test. Each of the ESBL-positive isolate was subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing. The ESBL-producing E. coli were further processed for genotypic confirmation to CTX-M gene. Results: A total of 55 (44.4%, 55/124) and nine (42.9%, 9/21) ESBL-producing E. coli were isolated from piglets and farm workers, respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of the ESBL-positive E. coli isolates from piglets and farm workers showed 100% resistance to ceftazidime, cefotaxime, cefotaxime/clavulanic acid, ceftazidime/clavulanic acid, and cefpodoxime. A proportion of 100% (55/55) and 88.9% (8/9) ESBL-positive E. coli were multidrug resistance (MDR) in piglets and farm workers, respectively. On genotypic screening of the ESBL E. coli isolated from piglets (n=55), 15 were positive for the blaCTX-M gene and of the nine ESBL E. coli from farm workers, none were positive for the blaCTX-M gene. Conclusion: Although there was no significant difference in isolation of ESBL-producing E. coli between piglets and farm workers, the ESBL-positive E. coli from piglets showed relatively higher MDR than farm workers.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Drug Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Milk and Milk Products

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1338-1346
Author(s):  
Monika Soni ◽  
Abhishek Gaurav ◽  
Bincy Joseph ◽  
S. S. Shekhawat ◽  
Subhash Chand Meena
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern
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