scholarly journals Hypertension With High Homocysteine Is Associated With Default Network Gray Matter Loss

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanliang Kong ◽  
Xin Li ◽  
Lina Chang ◽  
Yuwei Liu ◽  
Lin Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Default Network ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Global Cognitive Function ◽  
Normotensive Subjects ◽  
Gray Matter Loss

Hypertension with high homocysteine (Hcy, ≥10 μmol/L) is also known as H-type hypertension (HHT) and proposed as an independent risk factor for stroke and cognitive impairment. Although previous studies have established the relationships among hypertension, Hcy levels, and cognitive impairment, how they affect brain neuroanatomy remains unclear. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether and to what extent hypertension and high Hcy may affect gray matter volume in 52 middle-aged HHT patients and 51 demographically matched normotensive subjects. Voxel-based morphological analysis suggested that HHT patients experienced significant gray matter loss in the default network. The default network atrophy was significantly correlated with Hcy level and global cognitive function. These findings provide, to our knowledge, novel insights into how HHT affects brain gray matter morphology through blood pressure and Hcy.

P300 responses are associated with subcortical gray matter volume in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and normal aging

2016 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Derya Durusu Emek-Sava ◽  
Berrin Çavuşoğlu ◽  
Duygu Hünerli ◽  
Deniz Yerlikaya ◽  
Arife Gökçeoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Normal Aging ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Matter Volume

Cognitive impairment and gray matter volume abnormalities in silent cerebral infarction

Neuroreport ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 890-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Yang ◽  
Lan Zhang ◽  
Mingqing Xiang ◽  
Wei Luo ◽  
Jinbai Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Silent Cerebral Infarction

scholarly journals MRI Markers for Mild Cognitive Impairment: Comparisons between White Matter Integrity and Gray Matter Volume Measurements

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. e66367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Norbert Schuff ◽  
Monica Camacho ◽  
Linda L. Chao ◽  
Thomas P. Fletcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Volume Measurements

scholarly journals Effects of Meditation on Structural Changes of the Brain in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment or Alzheimer’s Disease Dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhukar Dwivedi ◽  
Neha Dubey ◽  
Aditya Jain Pansari ◽  
Raju Surampudi Bapi ◽  
Meghoranjani Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Hippocampal Subfields ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Brain

Previous cross-sectional studies reported positive effects of meditation on the brain areas related to attention and executive function in the healthy elderly population. Effects of long-term regular meditation in persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease dementia (AD) have rarely been studied. In this study, we explored changes in cortical thickness and gray matter volume in meditation-naïve persons with MCI or mild AD after long-term meditation intervention. MCI or mild AD patients underwent detailed clinical and neuropsychological assessment and were assigned into meditation or non-meditation groups. High resolution T1-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRI) were acquired at baseline and after 6 months. Longitudinal symmetrized percentage changes (SPC) in cortical thickness and gray matter volume were estimated. Left caudal middle frontal, left rostral middle frontal, left superior parietal, right lateral orbitofrontal, and right superior frontal cortices showed changes in both cortical thickness and gray matter volume; the left paracentral cortex showed changes in cortical thickness; the left lateral occipital, left superior frontal, left banks of the superior temporal sulcus (bankssts), and left medial orbitofrontal cortices showed changes in gray matter volume. All these areas exhibited significantly higher SPC values in meditators as compared to non-meditators. Conversely, the left lateral occipital, and right posterior cingulate cortices showed significantly lower SPC values for cortical thickness in the meditators. In hippocampal subfields analysis, we observed significantly higher SPC in gray matter volume of the left CA1, molecular layer HP, and CA3 with a trend for increased gray matter volume in most other areas. No significant changes were found for the hippocampal subfields in the right hemisphere. Analysis of the subcortical structures revealed significantly increased volume in the right thalamus in the meditation group. The results of the study point out that long-term meditation practice in persons with MCI or mild AD leads to salutary changes in cortical thickness and gray matter volumes. Most of these changes were observed in the brain areas related to executive control and memory that are prominently at risk in neurodegenerative diseases.

scholarly journals Altered Default Mode Network Is Associated With Cognitive Impairment in Cadasil as Revealed by Multimodal Neuroimaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panlong Li ◽  
Qi Huang ◽  
Shiyu Ban ◽  
Yuan Qiao ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Small Vessel Disease ◽  
Hippocampal Formation ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Matter Volume

Abstract Background: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) caused by mutations in NOTCH3 gene is a hereditary cerebral small vessel disease, manifesting with stroke, cognitive impairment and mood disturbances. Functional or structural changes in the default mode network (DMN), which plays important roles in cognitive and mental maintenance, have been found in a number of neurological and mental diseases. However, it is still unclear whether DMN is altered in CADASIL patients.Methods: Multimodal imaging methods, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), were applied to evaluate the functional, structural and metabolic characteristics of DMN in 25 CADASIL patients and 42 healthy controls.Results: Compared to controls, CADASIL patients had decreased nodal efficiency and degree centrality of the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampal formation within DMN. Structural MRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) showed decreased gray matter volume and fiber tracks presented in the bilateral hippocampal formation. Meanwhile, PET imaging showed decreased metabolism within the whole DMN in CADASIL. Furthermore, correlation analyses showed that these nodal characteristics, gray matter volume, and metabolic signals of DMN were related to cognitive scores in CADASIL.Conclusions: Our results suggested that altered network characteristics of DMN may play important roles in cognitive deficits of CADASIL.

Cortical Alterations Are Associated with Depression in Subcortical Vascular Mild Cognitive Impairment Revealed by Surface-Based Morphometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 673-681
Author(s):  
Jianjun Wang ◽  
Hanqing Lyu ◽  
Jianxiang Chen ◽  
Songjun Lin ◽  
Haotao Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Surface Based Morphometry

Background: Late-life depression often coexists with vascular cognitive impairment and affects the quality of life for elders. However, little is known about cortical morphometric interactions between subcortical vascular mild cognitive impairment (svMCI) and concomitant mild depressive symptoms at the early stage. Objective: We aimed to investigate cortical alterations of svMCI with and without depressive symptoms and determine whether these parameters are associated with depression symptoms and/or cognitive impairments. Methods: Surface based morphometry was performed on 18 svMCI patients with depressive symptoms (svMCI + D), 16 svMCI patients without depressive symptoms (svMCI–D), and 23 normal controls (NC). Results: Compared to NC, both svMCI + D and svMCI–D patients exhibited significantly decreased surface area (SA) in many cortical areas. Interestingly, svMCI + D patients showed significantly increased rather than decreased SA in right lateral occipital gyrus (LOG.R), and a consistent trend of increased SA in these areas compared to svMCI–D. In addition, the svMCI + D showed increased gray matter volume of left pericalcarine (periCAL.L) than svMCI–D, whereas svMCI–D showed decreased gray matter volume of periCAL.L than NC. Further correlation analyses revealed that the SA of left superior temporal gyrus (STG.L) and right lateral orbital part of frontal gyrus (lorbFG.R) were significantly correlated with Hamilton depression rating scale of svMCI + D. Conclusion: In conclusion, these results extend our insight into svMCI and add weight to reevaluation of concomitant early stage depressive symptoms. Moreover, we suggest that LOG.R∖periCAL.L∖STG.L∖lorbFG.R might serve as sensitive and trait-dependent biomarkers to detect concomitant depressive symptoms in svMCI patients.

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