scholarly journals Improvement of Olfactory Function With High Frequency Non-invasive Auricular Electrostimulation in Healthy Humans

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashim Maharjan ◽  
Eunice Wang ◽  
Mei Peng ◽  
Yusuf O. Cakmak
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Healthy Humans

Increased high-frequency heart rate variability during insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in healthy humans

2004 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 583-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartmut SCHÄCHINGER ◽  
Johannes PORT ◽  
Stuart BRODY ◽  
Lilly LINDER ◽  
Frank H. WILHELM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Concomitant Increase ◽  
Plasma Adrenaline ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Hyperinsulinaemic Clamp ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Plasma Insulin Levels ◽  
Single Blind ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Activity

Despite causing sympathetic activation, prolonged hypoglycaemia produces little change in HR (heart rate) in healthy young adults. One explanation could be concurrent parasympathetic activation, resulting in unchanged net effects of autonomic influences. In the present study, hypoglycaemic (2.7 mmol/l) and normoglycaemic (4.7 mmol/l) hyperinsulinaemic clamp studies were performed after normoglycaemic baseline clamp periods with 15 healthy volunteers (seven male; mean age, 27 years) on two occasions in a randomized single-blind cross-over design. Non-invasive indices of cardiac autonomic activity and hormones were measured at baseline and 1 h after the beginning of hypoglycaemia or control normoglycaemia. Plasma insulin levels and mean HR were similar during both conditions. During hypoglycaemia, there was a 485% increase in plasma adrenaline (epinephrine). A shortening of the pre-ejection period by 45% suggested strong sympathetic cardiac activation. High-frequency (0.15–0.45 Hz) HRV (HR variability) increased, indicating a concomitant increase in parasympathetic tone. Thus, during hypoglycaemia-induced sympathetic cardiac activation in healthy adults, parasympathetic mechanisms are involved in stabilizing mean HR.

scholarly journals Non-invasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in preterm infants after extubation: a randomized, controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 030006052098491
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Qiufen Wei ◽  
Dan Zhao ◽  
Yan Mo ◽  
Liping Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Oscillatory Ventilation ◽  
High Frequency Oscillatory

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of non-invasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (NHFOV) in post-extubation preterm infants. Methods This was a randomized, controlled trial. A total of 149 preterm infants aged between 25 to 34 weeks’ gestational age with a birth weight of <1500 g who required invasive mechanical ventilation on admission were included. After extubation, they were randomized to the NHFOV group (n = 47), nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) group (n = 51), or nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) group (n = 51). We compared the effectiveness and safety among these three groups. Results A total of 139 preterm infants finally completed the study. The reintubation rate was significantly lower in the NHFOV group than in the other groups. The duration of non-invasive ventilation and the length of hospital stay in the NHFOV and NIPPV groups were significantly shorter than those in the NCPAP group. The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the NHFOV and NIPPV groups was significantly lower than that in the NCPAP group. The NHFOV group had significantly less nasal injury than the NCPAP group. Conclusion As post-extubation respiratory support in preterm infants, NHFOV has a lower reintubation rate compared with NCPAP and NIPPV, without increasing the rate of complications.

scholarly journals A Neuromorphic Spiking Neural Network Detects Epileptic High Frequency Oscillations in the Scalp EEG

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Burelo ◽  
Georgia Ramantani ◽  
Giacomo Indiveri ◽  
Johannes Sarnthein
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Seizure Frequency ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Therapy Monitoring ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Scalp Eeg ◽  
High Frequency Oscillations ◽  
Eeg Recordings ◽  
Active Epilepsy ◽  
Wearable Electronic Devices

Abstract Background: Interictal High Frequency Oscillations (HFO) are measurable in scalp EEG. This has aroused interest in investigating their potential as biomarkers of epileptogenesis, seizure propensity, disease severity, and treatment response. The demand for therapy monitoring in epilepsy has kindled interest in compact wearable electronic devices for long- term EEG recording. Spiking neural networks (SNN) have been shown to be optimal architectures for being embedded in compact low-power signal processing hardware. Methods: We analyzed 20 scalp EEG recordings from 11 patients with pediatric focal lesional epilepsy. We designed a custom SNN to detect events of interest (EoI) in the 80-250 Hz ripple band and reject artifacts in the 500-900 Hz band. Results: We identified the optimal SNN parameters to automatically detect EoI and reject artifacts. The occurrence of HFO thus detected was associated with active epilepsy with 80% accuracy. The HFO rate mirrored the decrease in seizure frequency in 8 patients (p = 0.0047). Overall, the HFO rate correlated with seizure frequency (rho = 0.83, p < 0.0001, Spearman’s correlation).Conclusions: The fully automated SNN detected clinically relevant HFO in the scalp EEG. This is a further step towards non-invasive epilepsy monitoring with a low-power wearable device.

scholarly journals Improved Anatomical Specificity of Non-invasive Neuro-stimulation by High Frequency (5 MHz) Ultrasound

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Feng Li ◽  
Hui-Xia Zhao ◽  
Hui Zhou ◽  
Fei Yan ◽  
Jing-Yao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Non Invasive

scholarly journals Nasal high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (nHFOV) versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) as an initial therapy for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm and near-term infants

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Iranpour ◽  
Amir-Mohammad Armanian ◽  
Ahmad-Reza Abedi ◽  
Ziba Farajzadegan
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation ◽  
Respiratory Support ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Near Term ◽  
High Frequency Oscillatory

BackgroundCurrently, various forms of non-invasive respiratory support have been used in the management of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm neonates. However, nasal high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (nHFOV) has not yet been applied commonly as an initial treatment.ObjectivesThis study was designed to investigate the efficacy and safety of nHFOV compared with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) in preterm and near-term infants with RDS.MethodsIn a randomised clinical trial, a total of 68 neonates (gestational age (GA) between 30 and 36 weeks and 6 days) with a clinical diagnosis of RDS were randomly assigned to either the NCPAP (n=34) or the nHFOV (n=34) group. The primary outcome was the duration of non-invasive respiratory support (duration of using NCPAP or nHFOV).ResultThe median (IQR) duration of non-invasive respiratory support, was significantly shorter in the nHFOV group than that in the NCPAP group (20 (15–25.3) versus 26.5 (15–37.4) hours, respectively; p=0.02). The need for a ventilator occurred in 4 out of 34 (11.8%) neonates in the NCPAP group and in none of the neonates in the nHFOV group (p=0.03). In addition, intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) occurred in nine cases (6.9%) in the NCPAP group and two cases (3.3%) in the nHFOV group, which showed a significant difference (p=0.04). The incidence of pneumothorax, chronic lung disease, pulmonary haemorrhage and necrotising enterocolitis was similar between the two groups.ConclusionThis study showed that nHFOV significantly reduced the duration of non-invasive respiratory support and decreased the need for intubation compared with NCPAP in infants with RDS. Furthermore, nHFOV seems to reduce the incidence of IVH without increasing other complications.Trial registration numberIRCT2017062734782N1.

scholarly journals Proteasome Activity in the Plasma as a Novel Biomarker in Mild Cognitive Impairment with Chronic Tinnitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-205
Author(s):  
Yejin Yun ◽  
Sang-Yeon Lee ◽  
Won Hoon Choi ◽  
Jong-Chan Park ◽  
Dong Han Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Proteasome Activity ◽  
Chronic Tinnitus ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Plasma Enzymes ◽  
New Perspective

Background: Although the existence of proteasomes in human blood, termed circulating proteasomes (c-proteasomes), has been reported previously, their origin and pathophysiological functions remain largely unknown. Objective: Given that c-proteasome activity was significantly reduced in Alzheimer’s disease model mice and relatively high frequency of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is accompanied by chronic tinnitus in aged patients, we examined whether c-proteasome activity in human plasma was associated with cognitive function in patients with chronic tinnitus. Methods: c-Proteasome activity in the plasma of tinnitus patients (N = 55) was measured with fluorogenic reporter substrate, suc-LLVY-AMC. To assess MCI, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment was conducted with a cut-off score of 22/23. All patients underwent audiological and psychoacoustic analyses. Levels of c-proteasomes, Aβ42, and Aβ40 were measured using ELISA, and their association with c-proteasome activity was evaluated. Results: The activity of circulating proteasomes was significantly lower in patients with chronic tinnitus and MCI (p = 0.042), whereas activities of other plasma enzymes showed little correlation. In addition, c-proteasome activity was negatively associated with the level of plasma Aβ and was directly dependent on its own concentration in the plasma of patients with chronic tinnitus. Conclusion: Our current work provides a new perspective for understanding the potential relationship between circulating proteasomes in the plasma and cognitive dysfunction, suggesting a novel, non-invasive biomarker in the context of MCI diagnosis.

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